scholarly journals Human Behavior Models for Agents in Simulators and Games: Part I: Enabling Science with PMFserv

2006 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry G. Silverman ◽  
Michael Johns ◽  
Jason Cornwell ◽  
Kevin O'Brien
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Human Behavior ◽  
Intelligent Agents ◽  
Human Performance ◽  
Companion Paper ◽  
The State ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Behavior Modeling ◽  
Value Systems ◽  
The Impact

This paper focuses on challenges to improving the realism of socially intelligent agents and attempts to reflect the state of the art in human behavior modeling with particular attention to the impact of personality/cultural values and affect as well as biology/stress upon individual coping and group decision making. The first section offers an assessment of the state of the practice and of the need to integrate valid human performance moderator functions (PMFs) from traditionally separated subfields of the behavioral literature. The second section pursues this goal by postulating a unifying architecture and principles for integrating existing PMF theories and models. It also illustrates a PMF testbed called PMFserv created for implementating and studying how PMFs may contribute to such an architecture. To date it interconnects versions of PMFs on physiology and stress; personality, cultural and emotive processes (Cognitive Appraisal-OCC, value systems); perception (Gibsonian affordance); social processes (relations, identity, trust, nested intentionality); and cognition (affect- and stress-augmented decision theory, bounded rationality). The third section summarizes several usage case studies (asymmetric warfare, civil unrest, and political leaders) and concludes with lessons learned. Implementing and interoperating this broad collection of PMFs helps to open the agenda for research on syntheses that can help the field reach a greater level of maturity. The companion paper, Part II, presents a case study in using PMFserv for rapid scenario composability and realistic agent behavior.

Workload Warriors: Lessons Learned from a Decade of Mental Workload Prediction Using Human Performance Modeling

2009 ◽  
Vol 53 (12) ◽  
pp. 819-823 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane Kuhl Mitchell ◽  
Charneta Samms
Keyword(s):  
Human Behavior ◽  
Human Performance ◽  
Performance Modeling ◽  
Mental Workload ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Workload Prediction ◽  
Army Research Laboratory ◽  
Performance Predictions ◽  
Concept Vehicle

For at least a decade, researchers at the Army Research Laboratory (ARL) have predicted mental workload using human performance modeling (HPM) tools, primarily IMPRINT. During this timeframe their projects have matured from simple models of human behavior to complex analyses of the interactions of system design and human behavior. As part of this maturation process, the researchers learned: 1) to develop a modeling question that incorporates all aspects of workload, 2) to determine when workload is most likely to affect performance, 3) to build multiple models to represent experimental conditions, 4) to connect performance predictions to an overall mission or system capability, and 5) to format results in a clear, concise format. By implementing the techniques they developed from these lessons learned, the researchers have had an impact on major Army programs with their workload predictions. Specifically, they have successfully changed design requirements for future concept Army vehicles, substantiated manpower requirements for fielded Army vehicles, and made Soldier workload the number one item during preliminary design review for a major Army future concept vehicle program. The effective techniques the ARL researchers developed for their IMPRINT projects are applicable to other HPM tools. In addition, they can be used by students and researchers who are doing human performance modeling projects and are confronted with similar problems to help them achieve project success.

A taxonomy of performance shaping factors for shield tunnel construction

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 574-596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jue Li ◽  
Minghui Yu ◽  
Hongwei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Modeling And Simulation ◽  
Human Behavior ◽  
Human Error ◽  
Human Performance ◽  
Behavior Modeling ◽  
Shield Tunnel ◽  
Tunnel Construction ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Human Behavior Modeling ◽  
Performance Shaping Factors

PurposeOn shield tunnel construction (STC) site, human error is widely recognized as essential to accident. It is necessary to explain which factors lead to human error and how these factors can influence human performance. Human reliability analysis supports such necessity through modeling the performance shaping factors (PSFs). The purpose of this paper is to establish and validate a PSF taxonomy for the STC context.Design/methodology/approachThe approach taken in this study mainly consists of three steps. First, a description of the STC context is proposed through the analysis of the STC context. Second, the literature which stretch across the PSF methodologies, cognitive psychology and human factors of STC and other construction industries are reviewed to develop an initial set of PSFs. Finally, a final PSF set is modified and validated based on STC task analysis and STC accidents cases.FindingsThe PSF taxonomy constituted by 4 main components, 4 hierarchies and 85 PSFs is established for human behavior modeling and simulation under the STC context. Furthermore, by comparing and evaluating the performance of STC PSF and existing PSF studies, the proposed PSF taxonomy meets the requirement for qualitative and quantitative analysis.Practical implicationsThe PSF taxonomy can provide a basis and support for human behavior modeling and simulation under the STC context. Integrating PSFs into a behavior simulation model provides a more realistic and integrated assessment of human error by manifesting the influence of each PSFs on the cognitive processes. The simulation results can suggest concrete points for the improvement of STC safety management.Originality/valueThis paper develops a taxonomy of PSFs that addresses the various unique influences of the STC context on human behaviors. The harsh underground working conditions and diverse resources of system information are identified as key characteristics of the STC context. Furthermore, the PSF taxonomy can be integrated into a human cognitive behavior model to predict the worker’s behavior on STC site in future work.

scholarly journals Study of the Impact of Delay on Human Remote Navigators with Application to Receding Horizon Control

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chad R. Burns ◽  
Ranxiao F. Wang ◽  
Dušan M. Stipanović
Keyword(s):  
Human Behavior ◽  
Nonlinear Model ◽  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Human Performance ◽  
Receding Horizon Control ◽  
Delay Compensation ◽  
Receding Horizon ◽  
Remote Navigation ◽  
Human In The Loop ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThis paper examines the impact of delays on human performance and human strategies when remotely navigating autonomous vehicles, and develops a robust human inspired delay compensation. Vehicles chosen for the study are ground autonomous vehicles which are allowed to stop, providing an instrumental feature that enables it to capture some important human behavior. The effects of delay on human behavior when remotely navigating autonomous vehicles have been captured by a nonlinear model predictive (also known as receding horizon) controller. This study provides some insights into designing human in-the-loop systems for remote navigation of autonomous vehicles when the delays are not negligible. We offer a human inspired strategy for dealing with delay in a fully autonomous receding horizon controller which we show to be safe and convergent for bounded delays.

scholarly journals Social Values and Prostitution in Awka South Local Government Area, Anambra State, Nigeria

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nneka P. Oli
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Social Values ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Value Systems ◽  
Anambra State ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
The Impact

In every society, there are certain cultural values and value systems that guide every aspect of human behaviour. In Nigeria, our value system is in the process of decaying. This may be attributed to alien values of colonialism, imperialism and neo-colonialism. Prostitution which is regarded as a crime against morality, societal standard of right conduct and decency may be traced to western influence and decline in social values. This paper investigated the impact of declining social values on prostitution among females in Awka South LGA in Anambra State. The study adopted strain theory as its theoretical framework. The target population for the study comprises people who are 18 years and above. Multi-stage sampling technique was adopted in selecting 200 respondents for the study. Quantitative and qualitative methods of data collection were used in this study. In view of this, questionnaire and in-depth interviews were the instruments of data collection used in the study. The findings indicate that decline in social values, poverty, and unemployment are major factors influencing prostitution. Therefore, the study recommends that all agents of socialization should ensure that our social values are maintained by inculcating these values in our youth. Also, efforts should be made to alleviate poverty and unemployment in our society which also tend to drive prostitution.

Measuring the Impact of Advanced Technologies and Reorganization on Human Performance in a Combat Information Center

2000 ◽  
Vol 44 (37) ◽  
pp. 642-645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jared T. Freeman ◽  
Gwendolyn E. Campbell ◽  
Greg Hildebrand
Keyword(s):  
Human Behavior ◽  
Team Performance ◽  
Preliminary Data ◽  
Human Performance ◽  
Novel Technology ◽  
Advanced Technologies ◽  
Information Center ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The U.S

Systematically evaluating the impact of novel technology and organizational structure on team performance is a complex, multidimensional task. We define several of these dimensions that are of particular interest in the development of new command and control teams and technologies for the U.S. Navy. In addition, we describe an approach to stimulating and measuring human behavior on these dimensions, and an experiment in which this approach is applied. Preliminary data are presented.

scholarly journals Human Behavior Models for Agents in Simulators and Games: Part II: Gamebot Engineering with PMFserv

2006 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry G. Silverman ◽  
Gnana Bharathy ◽  
Kevin O'Brien ◽  
Jason Cornwell
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Engineering ◽  
Companion Paper ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Behavior Modeling ◽  
Test Scenario ◽  
Training Simulator ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
Discussion Section ◽  
Suicide Bombers ◽  
Game Environment

Many producers and consumers of legacy training simulator and game environments are beginning to envision a new era where psycho-socio-physiologic models could be interoperated to enhance their environments' simulation of human agents. This paper explores whether we could embed our behavior modeling framework (described in the companion paper, Part 1) behind a legacy first person shooter 3D game environment to recreate portions of the Black Hawk Down scenario. Section 1 amplifies the interoperability needs and challenges confronting the field, presents the questions that are examined, and describes the test scenario. Sections 2 and 3 review the software and knowledge engineering methodology, respectively, needed to create the system and populate it with bots. Results (Section 4) and discussion (Section 5) reveal that we were able to generate plausible and adaptive recreations of Somalian crowds, militia, women acting as shields, suicide bombers, and more. Also, there are specific lessons learned about ways to advance the field so that such interoperabilities will become more affordable and widespread.

scholarly journals The main directions of the state social policy of child protection in Uzbekistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 87-112
Author(s):  
Nodira M. Latipova ◽  
◽  
Charos A. Abdugafurova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Child Protection ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
The State ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Protection System ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Difficult Situation ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact

The article discusses the improvement of social protection of families and children in the Republic of Uzbekistan. Based on the analysis, the National System of Child Protection in the Republic of Uzbekistan was obtained, which is made up of certain components. Methods. The content of the article is based on various research methods, primarily on the assessment of the social protection system through interviews with stakeholders. The assessment critically assessed the strategies applied, identified lessons learned and best practices, accelerating the achievement of sustainable results for children in Uzbekistan, especially from the most vulnerable groups. The assessment was aimed at assessing the relevance, effectiveness, efficiency, sustainability, consistency and, if possible, the impact of the strategies adopted to achieve the results of the start program. It was concluded that the effectiveness of the social protection system for children and families is based on the presence of the listed structural components in it. , and in the subsequent parts of this book we will try to analyze the main of these components in relation to the system of social protection of children in Uzbekistan. Results. The article is based on the support for the development of recommendations for the strategic planning of the next program cycle. The level of humanity of the state policy towards its citizens in a difficult situation, a socially vulnerable situation is measured by the system of social support provided, which is aimed at creating opportunities for them to participate in life, equal with other citizens, for socio-political, economic, cultural and intellectual development.

scholarly journals Three Tales of Modernity

Refuge ◽  
1997 ◽  
pp. 6-7
Author(s):  
Howard Adelman
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
The State ◽  
Philosophical View ◽  
Moral Rules ◽  
The Impact

The impact of globalisation on the provision of assistance to newcomers is assessed in this paper. It takes a philosophical view of civilisation and argues that, a culture of caring is not an oasis in the emerging "global civilisation," but the source of its renewal. This culture of caring is contrasted with a more individualistic conception of isolation. Intervention of the state is required for curbing exploitative activities on isolated individuals. In contrast, the paper argues that civilisation might temporarily disrupt cultural values such as those geared to redistribution of wealth and the welcome we render to newcomers. However, recovery is possible through a set of moral rules and regulations which are independent of the state.

scholarly journals EDITORIAL: Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic: Lessons learned from Qatar University College of Pharmacy

2021 ◽  
pp. 78-81
Author(s):  
Banan Abdulrzaq Mukhalalati ◽  
Ahmed Awaisu ◽  
Maguy Saffouh El Hajj
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Educational Technology ◽  
Blended Learning ◽  
The State ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
University College ◽  
The Impact

The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a global emergency in all social realms including, economy, health, and education. In this article, we discuss the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on education, particularly higher education in the State of Qatar and the strategies adopted to respond to the challenge. The paper further discusses the use of educational technology and strategies for distance-based and blended learning during the pandemic.

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