Slavery and Household Formation in Ottoman Aleppo, 1640-1700

2013 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-391
Author(s):  
Charles L. Wilkins
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Slave Trade ◽  
Household Formation ◽  
Demographic Profile ◽  
The Social ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Political Conditions

Abstract Focusing on a seventeenth-century Syrian city, this study examines the practice of slavery as a strategy for building elite households in the Ottoman Empire. After an overview of the slave trade and the social and political conditions which sustained it, it constructs a demographic profile of the slaves and slaveholders and concludes with case studies of how slaves were integrated into selected military-administrative, merchant and ulama families. Valued as servants, soldiers, companions, and business agents, slaves were integrated to a wide range of elite households, in some cases providing critical human resources for the households’ continuity.

With Chibouk and Hookah: Coveted Escapes in Orient’s Fragrant Space

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-165
Author(s):  
Valentin Kitanov
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
Cultural Representation ◽  
Cultural Characteristics ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
The Social ◽  
Rapid Spread ◽  
National Affiliation

The penetration of tobacco into the Ottoman Empire was followed by a ban on its production and use in the seventeenth century. The lifting of the ban in 1688 led to the rapid spread of production and trade with tobacco products and made smoking widely popular in the Ottoman society. Although smoking was prevalent mainly among Muslims, the chibouk and the hookah became distinctive attributes and, for generations, an integral part of the cultural characteristics of sultan’s subjects, regardless of their religious or national affiliation. Whether it was consumed free or secretly due to penal laws, smoking became emblematic of the social and cultural representation of the Ottoman realm and, in a way, it was affiliated with a particular zone of comfort and tranquillity, an escape from all worries and problems of everyday life.

scholarly journals Community Music Practice

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gillian Howell ◽  
Lee Higgins ◽  
Brydie-Leigh Bartleet
Keyword(s):  
Health Economic ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Social Experience ◽  
Community Music ◽  
Music Practice ◽  
Music Making ◽  
The Social ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Musical Excellence

Many people have become disengaged from music making owing to the commercialization and commodification of music practices. This chapter examines a distinctive response to that disengagement, through the work of community music facilitators, who connect on interpersonal and musical levels to encourage community music practice. Four case studies are used to illustrate the central notions of this approach. Underpinning these four case studies is the concept of musical excellence in community music interventions. This notion of excellence refers to the quality of the social experience—bonds formed, meaning and enjoyment derived, and sense of agency that emerges for individuals and the group—alongside the musical outcomes created through the music making experience. The chapter concludes by considering the ways in which community music opens up new pathways for reflecting on, enacting, and developing approaches that respond to a wide range of social, cultural, health, economic, and political contexts.

Exiles at Home

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison Searle
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Letter Writing ◽  
Spiritual Experiences ◽  
Literary Genres ◽  
Corporate Worship ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Status ◽  
At Home

The radical and repeated changes in state religion, accompanied by persecution of any who openly dissented from the status quo, meant that there were numerous groups who found themselves in exile at home in England during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. This chapter focuses on the experience of Protestant Nonconformists in the later seventeenth century. It examines the ways in which Nonconformist communities interpreted their experiences, interrogating and recording these in a variety of literary genres. The concept of exile at home is analysed through five discrete and interconnected categories: imprisonment; legal disputation in the courts; corporate worship; itinerant preaching; and letter writing. Each section draws upon a number of case studies that illustrate the wide range of spiritual experiences and theological convictions in Nonconformist communities and how these were encapsulated, transformed, and disputed in journals, letters, sermons, and biographies, amongst other literary genres.

Transregional Reformation: Synods and Consensus in the Early Reformed Churches

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrizio Foresta
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Turning Point ◽  
The Political ◽  
Local Churches ◽  
Mediating Factors ◽  
The Social ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
Reformed Churches

AbstractThis article will explore what might be called the transregional scope and outreach of early modern Reformed synods in a theological as well as ecclesial sense, examining some very few but important moments between the sixteenth and seventeenth century that marked a turning point in the history of the European Reformed Churches and show some particular aspects of the constitutive link between synods and consensus. A transregional level implies a methodological shift towards a more complex and many-sided view of synods, according to which a supposedly unyielding and confessionally adamant institution was affected by the social, geographical, cultural, theological and political stratifications within a wide range of mediating factors and conditions: different local Churches were linked together and crossed the political and ecclesiastical borders through the channels along which persons and ideas passed from region to region, thus creating a mutual exchange through which political, institutional and theological communication took place.

Zwischen Verfolgung und Eingliederung

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Weineck
Keyword(s):  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
Social History ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
The State ◽  
The Social ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
State Agents ◽  
Dominant Narratives

The history of the Kızılbaş-Alevis in the Ottoman Empire is often remembered and written as a history of persecution and oppression. This study opens up a perspective on the Ottoman state and the Kızılbaş-Alevis beyond such dominant narratives. It approaches the period between the 16th and the 18th century and investigates how the formerly persecuted Kızılbaş interacted with local and imperial Ottoman state agents. After the persecution of the Kızılbaş by the state both sides entered a relationship which aimed at conveniently accommodating the heterogeneous Kızılbaş-Alevi communities to the (local) Ottoman apparatus of power. Relying on a wide range of Ottoman sources, the author reveals formerly unstudied contexts in which the Kızılbaş-Alevis arranged themselves with and within the Ottoman state. As such, this work challenges widespread notions of persecution or essentialist ideas of Heresy and critically rethinks the social history of the Kızılbaş-Alevis in the Ottoman Empire.

Mobile Actors, Mobile Slaves: Female Slaves from the Black Sea Region in Seventeenth-Century Istanbul

DIYÂR ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-104
Author(s):  
Veruschka Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
Social Mobility ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Slave Trade ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Black Sea Region ◽  
Court Records ◽  
Slave Women ◽  
Female Slaves

This contribution aims to investigate mobility in the context of Ottoman slavery. Mainly on the basis of seventeenth-century Istanbul court records, the study deals with the question of mobility by focusing on female household slaves in Ottoman Istanbul who originated from the Black Sea region. With a look at the actors who surrounded them, female slaves are analysed at different stages in their lives. These stages were marked by changes related to mobility. The entry as well as the exit from slavery meant a spatial and social mobility for the slave women. But even in the time in between, slave women remained mobile through aspects such as conversion and resale. This paper further shows that Ottoman slavery and the slave trade were part of the Transottoman context: it can be seen that spaces of interaction were created through the connections and exchanges of actors beyond the Ottoman Empire.

Recruiting Citizens for Soldiers in Seventeenth-Century English Ballads

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 105-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela McShane
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Early Modern England ◽  
Transitional Period ◽  
Social Structures ◽  
Household Formation ◽  
Recruitment And Retention ◽  
The Social ◽  
Love Song ◽  
The Common

AbstractThis article revisits the “heroic and glamorous language” of recruitment and retention in seventeenth century England through an exploration of the market, medium and message of many hundreds of “military” ballads that were disseminated from London across the country, especially in times of war. These show that military volunteerism among the lower sorts was less surprising and more sophisticated than historians have previously imagined, which suggests the need to reconsider the question of military professionalism among ordinary rank and file soldiers. Furthermore, the common use of the love song as a vehicle for military messages, reveals how regular soldiering became a new vocation for the “lower sorts” in this transitional period for army development. This new “profession” not only marked a direct break from the older system of “estates” which put fighters at the top and workers at the bottom of society, it was negotiating its place within the social structures of household formation in early modern England.

Introduction

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
James McElvenny
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
History Of Ideas ◽  
Political Issues ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of

This chapter sets the scene for the case studies that follow in the rest of the book by characterising the ‘age of modernism’ and identifying problems relating to language and meaning that arose in this context. Emphasis is laid on the social and political issues that dominated the era, in particular the rapid developments in technology, which inspired both hope and fear, and the international political tensions that led to the two World Wars. The chapter also sketches the approach to historiography taken in the book, interdisciplinary history of ideas.

Satu Kahkonen and Anthony Lanyi. Institutions, Incentives, and Economic Reforms in India. New Delhi: Sage Publications, 2000. 516 pages. Hardback. Price Indian Rs 595.00.

2001 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-74
Author(s):  
Attiya Y. Javed
Keyword(s):  
Reform Process ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Social Rules ◽  
Reform Agenda ◽  
The Social ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Rural Governance ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Economic Landscape ◽  
Number Of Authors

The economic reform process began in India in 1991. However, the reform agenda is still far from its goals as is evident from low per capita income. Thus, this reform effort has not produced the desired outcome of a faster rate of economic and social development in a meaningful way. It is the premise of this volume that to transform the social and economic landscape, the proposed reforms should be broadbased and multi-pronged which take into account incentives for the stockholders in both the private and public sectors. The institutions are the rules that govern economy and include the fundamental legal, political, and social rules that establish the basis for production, exchange, and distribution. The two editors of this volume have received contributions from a number of authors and the wide range of papers are grouped under five main headings: political economy of reforms, reforming public goods delivery, reform issues in agriculture and rural governance, and reforming the district and financial sector.

COLLECTED WORKS BY THE TURKİSH POETESS İN REPUBLİC OF MACEDONİA

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 2301-2308
Author(s):  
Fatime Liman ◽  
Mahmut Celik ◽  
Imer Yusufi
Keyword(s):  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Republic Of Macedonia ◽  
The Social ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Female Writers ◽  
Female Poets

It is almost impossible to get some relevant results from researches on the topic- works of the Turkish female writers and Turkish female poets in Republic of Macedonia yet not considering the social and political circumstances that ocured in SFRJ, The Balcan Peninsula and all the countries under the Ottoman Empire reign. Before getting to topic, what is ,the works of the Turkish female writers and the Turkish female poets in Macedonia we would like to impose a retrospective of the social and political circumstances in the Balcan Peninsula and circumstances and events in Macedonia.We shall give a retrospective of some different time periods such as: before the Ottomans reign,during their reign and the period after their reign.The educational process and the Turkish sign will undouptly influence the Literature.Epmhases will be put on the literature of the Turks from Macedonia,and the circumstances on which that literature was able to survive in various conditions and quality.Therefore some Turkish female writers and poets will be presented from which in more detail-Melahat Engullu,Tulay Ibrahim,Leyla Husein,Meral Kayin and Rabiya Rusid.Some main themes from their works will also be presented.

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