Feeling the Way to Revelation: Patterns of Doubt and Persuasion in Tibetan Buddhist Auto/biographical Treasure Narratives

Numen ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 513-539
Author(s):  
Dominique Townsend
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Aesthetic Experience ◽  
Life Stories ◽  
Tibetan Buddhist ◽  
Sensory Experiences ◽  
Proper Method ◽  
Institutional Structures ◽  
Persuasive Power ◽  
History Of ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract In the Tibetan Buddhist Treasure (gter ma) tradition, communities cohere around the marking of certain visions as offering insight into the proper method of ritual practices, the veracity of reincarnation claims, decisions about institutional structures, assertions of lineage relationships, and most importantly for the purposes of this article, the phenomenology of Buddhist enlightenment for readers lacking such experience. There is a long and robust history of doubt around such visions and their narrative accounts. Doubters seek to debunk and disenfranchise those whose visions they dispute. This article analyzes the emotional dynamics and aesthetic charge of five exemplary visionary accounts from the 17th–20th century, with a focus on how doubts are overcome through intense positive sensory experiences within their life stories. Such narratives generate a sense of religious belonging in Tibetan Buddhist Treasure communities, beginning with the visionary him- or herself whose successful navigation of doubt is resolved by the persuasive power of intensely positive aesthetic experience.

scholarly journals Fra forsamlingshuset over idrætshallen til multiaktivitetshuset

2004 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sine Agergaard
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Complex Pattern ◽  
Sports Facilities ◽  
Political Unity ◽  
The People ◽  
New Development ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Insight Into

Analyse af tre bygninger i Vest- og Østjylland som billeder på den idrætshistoriske udvikling.From village hall to sports hall to multi-sports centre In this article, three sports facilities are depicted in order to gain insight into the development of the popular gymnastics and sports movement in Denmark. The author compares the history and present use of a village hall (built in 1891 and rebuilt in 1927), a sports hall (built in 1966), and a multi-sports centre (built in 2003). Using Tim Ingold’s concept of ‘taskscape’, the author shows the way in which those who live in a specific landscape incorporate the history of the building into their pattern of activities. It is argued that the popular gymnastics and sports movement has developed with different views of the population as a group. The formation of the population as a political unity (demos) is expressed in the creation of village halls. The further development of village halls and sports halls through the 20th century with their complex pattern of activities shows a development of the people as a cultural ethnos. Finally, the coaching of specific groups and individuals in the multi-sports centre points to a new development of

scholarly journals Impacts of biological globalization in the Mediterranean: Unveiling the deep history of human-mediated gamebird dispersal

2015 ◽  
Vol 112 (11) ◽  
pp. 3296-3301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Forcina ◽  
Monica Guerrini ◽  
Hein van Grouw ◽  
Brij K. Gupta ◽  
Panicos Panayides ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Asia ◽  
Exotic Species ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Species Dispersal ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Trade Routes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Over Time

Humans have a long history of moving wildlife that over time has resulted in unprecedented biotic homogenization. It is, as a result, often unclear whether certain taxa are native to a region or naturalized, and how the history of human involvement in species dispersal has shaped present-day biodiversity. Although currently an eastern Palaearctic galliform, the black francolin (Francolinus francolinus) was known to occur in the western Mediterranean from at least the time of Pliny the Elder, if not earlier. During Medieval times and the Renaissance, the black francolin was a courtly gamebird prized not only for its flavor, but also its curative, and even aphrodisiac qualities. There is uncertainty, however, whether this important gamebird was native or introduced to the region and, if the latter, what the source of introduction into the western Mediterranean was. Here we combine historical documentation with a DNA investigation of modern birds and archival (13th–20th century) specimens from across the species’ current and historically documented range. Our study proves the black francolin was nonnative to the western Mediterranean, and we document its introduction from the east via several trade routes, some reaching as far as South Asia. This finding provides insight into the reach and scope of long-distance trade routes that serviced the demand of European aristocracy for exotic species as symbols of wealth and prestige, and helps to demonstrate the lasting impact of human-mediated long-distance species dispersal on current day biodiversity.

Ieskats drukātās reklāmas vēsturē 20. gadsimta 30. gados: daži Liepājas piemēri

2020 ◽  
pp. 29-43
Author(s):  
Uldis Drišļuks ◽  
Ārija Kolosova ◽  
Inta Kulberga
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Literary Language ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Expert Interview ◽  
History Of ◽  
Advertising Language ◽  
Language Context ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Insight Into

Historical advertisements and their language reflect tendencies and activities of the particular time period. When studying historical advertisement and its language, certain skills are required nowadays in order to understand the peculiarities, usage and significance of the language of the time. Advertisement is the source of history of its time, and its research provides an insight into both the history of the particular place, the city and the society of the time, its habits and values. Also, the political history of the age leaves an impact on the content of the advertisement. In its turn, comprehension of the language is a significant factor, as the text dominates in historical advertisements, and there are few pictures. An insight into the history of printed advertisement proves that a concise “text of advertisement” had to be created in order to get the advertisement printed in a publication, naming and advertising a particular product or service, it was important to show the information where the particular product could have been bought. The aim of the article is to provide an insight into the history of printed advertisement, using advertisements published in Liepāja publications during the 30s of the 20th century, mostly paying attention to the language of advertisements. In the article, the language of origin and problems of printed advertisements of the 30s of the 20th century have been analysed; differences in the language application have been studied comparing them with advertisement language nowadays. Analysis of literature and other resources, students’ surveys, and expert interview methods have been used to achieve the aim of the article. Research methods have been used in order to understand texts of old advertisements as resources of historical evidence, to study the written language of the time, as well as to understand that the advertisement of the time in the language context differs from the modern advertisement language and also from the Latvian literary language in general. It has been concluded that the Latvian language in the course of time is changing and developing. The language used in advertisements is simple; in order to attract attention, the superlative degree of adjectives is used. Advertisements are printed in black-and-white; the effect is achieved with bold letters and font size; the personification of the advertisement is common. Nowadays, youth can perceive the historical advertisement and be surprised that it was also used earlier in order, e. g. to attract customers to products. Some similar advertising slogans can be found that are still used nowadays. However, some difficulties are encountered when reflecting on the language of the time – separate words, expressions, also the applied orthography, as well as the old (Gothic) print. Youth justify difficulties of text perception with language development in the course of time, application of archaisms; they see the impact of the German language. The text of advertisements seems simple, even primitive, topical; it is an offer of practically applicable things. Nevertheless, the expert interviews confirm that the impact of a foreign language can be noticed in the advertising language, forms, words that are not used in the modern Latvian literary language any longer. To sum up, the authors of the article think that the research of the advertising language in the context of history is essential. Also, nowadays, when the digital marketing has developed, the issue about the communication with the consumer is still topical from the advertising point of view, and also the language application and content are important – what and how we want to say to consumers.

Discovery of Australia's Fishes

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Saunders
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Fish Fauna ◽  
Western Pacific ◽  
History Of ◽  
Book Covers ◽  
Australian Fish ◽  
Insight Into

This book traces the discovery of Australia’s fishes from the earliest days of taxonomy to the first part of the 20th century. It provides a unique insight into the diverse pathways by which Australia’s fish were discovered and outlines the history of early maritime explorations in Australia that collected natural history specimens. The book covers the life and work of each of the most important discoverers, and assesses their accomplishments and the limitations of their work. Discovery of Australia’s Fishes is distinctive in that a biographic approach is integrated with chronological descriptions of the discovery of the Australian fish fauna. Many of northern Australia’s fishes are found in parts of the Indian and western Pacific oceans. The book covers the work of collectors who travelled outside Australia, together with that of the British and European zoologists who received and described their collections. The account ceases at 1930, the year the first modern checklist of Australian fishes was published. 2012 Whitley Award Commendation for Historical Zoology.

scholarly journals People in aviation – a linguists’ insight into history

2022 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 47-61
Author(s):  
Beata Kopecka ◽  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Morphological Structure ◽  
Semantic Field ◽  
History Of ◽  
Lexical Fields ◽  
Insight Into

History can be studied from a number of angles and on the basis of a variety of sources. Researchers interested in the history of aviation typically focus on the development of subsequent types of flying machines. This study relates to the history of aviation, but, due to its linguistic bias it concentrates on the semantic field <people in aviation>. The structure of this field is analysed on the basis of a collection of nouns that form the relating lexical fields. In detail the study is aimed to cast some light on the history of modern aviation, i.e. aviation that started with the 1903 flight made by the Wright Brothers in an engine-driven machine, and has been continued up to now. Importantly, in 1911, soon after the first flight took place, the first dictionary of aviation was published. This specialized dictionary served as an inspiration for an attempt to draw a linguistic picture of the discipline at the beginning of the 20th century, and later to contrast it with a linguistic picture of the discipline as emerging from modern specialized dictionaries of aviation one century later. Additionally, the analysis of particular nouns, including the study of their morphological structure and semantics leads to some interesting observations relating to the history of modern aviation.

Economic Views of L. Trotsky

2004 ◽  
pp. 142-157
Author(s):  
M. Voeikov ◽  
S. Dzarasov
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Russian Revolution ◽  
Russian History ◽  
History Of

The paper written in the light of 125th birth anniversary of L. Trotsky analyzes the life and ideas of one of the most prominent figures in the Russian history of the 20th century. He was one of the leaders of the Russian revolution in its Bolshevik period, worked with V. Lenin and played a significant role in the Civil War. Rejected by the party bureaucracy L. Trotsky led uncompromising struggle against Stalinism, defending his own understanding of the revolutionary ideals. The authors try to explain these events in historical perspective, avoiding biases of both Stalinism and anticommunism.

History of thyroid surgery

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (11) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Technique ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Thyroid Surgery ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ancient Times

The authors present an outline of the development of thyroid surgery from the ancient times to the beginning of the 20th century, when the definitive surgical technique have been developed and the physiologic and pathopfysiologic consequences of thyroid resections have been described. The key representatives, as well as the contribution of the most influential czech surgeons are mentioned.

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