A New Portrait of Indentured Labour: Vietnamese Labour Migration to Malaysia

2010 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 880-896 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lê Thu Huong
Keyword(s):  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Labour Migration ◽  
Guest Workers ◽  
Relevant Today ◽  
Gradual Loss ◽  
Loss Of Autonomy ◽  
Economic Exchanges ◽  
Recruitment Procedure ◽  
International Labour Migration ◽  
Skilled Migrant

AbstractThis paper discusses the recruitment procedure and the gradual loss of autonomy of low-skilled migrant workers in international labour migration, by using the example of Vietnamese workers’ trajectories to Malaysia. It argues that debates on indentured labour and all other forms of bonded labour remain relevant today as new manifestations of the practice are now concealed behind extensive economic exchanges and inter-state economic cooperation. A detailed study of the process of Vietnamese labour migration shows how migratory trajectories that start from ‘voluntary’ indebtedness eventually lead to a status of subordinate and immobilised guest workers in Malaysia. The interrelations between debt and contracts play here a central role. Encouraged by the promising messages of local recruiters and the official support for migration, candidate workers readily consent to sign the triple contracts that will lead them to work in Malaysia. In the process, they gradually get entangled in a web of obligations towards their recruiter, their state (bank) and their employer, leading to severe restrictions in their autonomy over life and work in Malaysia.

scholarly journals The Impact of Remittances of Ukrainian Migrants on the Stabilisation of the Economy During the Covid Crisis

2021 ◽  
pp. 99-114
Author(s):  
Iryna Gerlach ◽  
Lilia Ukraynets
Keyword(s):  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Foreign Currency ◽  
Human Mobility ◽  
Labour Migration ◽  
Human Potential ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Poverty And Inequality ◽  
International Labour Migration ◽  
Migrant Remittances ◽  
The Impact

International labour migration is a global process that has affected the populations of all countries and continents. Today, migrants face a new additional barrier – the COVID-19 pandemic, which has drastically affected all forms of human mobility. Today, labour-based migration from Ukraine is directed mainly to EU Member States. The main motives for international labour migration is the potential of earning money, financial security of the family etc. Accordingly, the consequence of international migration is the inflow of money into the country of migrant origin. Remittances from migrant workers are an important source of income for Ukraine. Despite the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been an increase in migrant remittances, contributing to the development of households, human potential, the reduction of poverty and inequality, and the inflow of foreign currency. This article proposes an econometric model of the impact of migrant remittances on the stabilisation of the country’s economy during the pandemic. As a result of the calculations, it was found that the income from people working abroad initially reduces the deviation of GDP from the equilibrium trend, but over time there is a clear procyclical impact. This feature is favourable for the Ukrainian economy and may mean that migrant transfers in times of crisis help to overcome the effects of global economic downturns.

Labour migration in ASEAN: Indonesian migrant workers in Johor Bahru, Malaysia

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-39
Author(s):  
Arisman Arisman ◽  
Ratnawati Kusuma Jaya
Keyword(s):  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Working Condition ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Labour Migration ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Domestic Worker ◽  
International Labour Migration ◽  
Working Hour

PurposeThe purpose of this article is to explain and share about labour migration for employment purposes issues from the perspective of a sending and receiving country in Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) (Indonesia; sending state and Malaysia; receiving state) on managing the international labour migration between the two countries.Design/methodology/approachThe research adopting “mixed methods”, mixing of quantitative and qualitative data within a single investigation or sustained programme of inquiry. The activity includes collecting primary data in two countries. Data collection is done by distributing questionnaires to migrant workers in the receiving states and used indepth interview to 10 stakeholders in the sending states.FindingsThe protection of migrant workers in Johor Bahru is still weak. The graph shows that Indonesian migrant workers in Johor mostly have their documents kept by their employer. Fisheries sector has the highest percentage of workers whose documents are retained by the employer. Meanwhile the sector in which the worker mostly do not get a weekly one day off is the domestic worker. Overall, this means that Malaysia has to put more attention on the existing regulation in order to create a more comfortable working environment.Originality/valueThis paper observe three parameters such as working hour, who keep the passport of the Indonesian migrant workers and weekly one day off relate to working condition of Indonesian migrant workers.

The Return of Malawian Labour from South Africa and Zimbabwe

1983 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 311-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert E. Christiansen ◽  
Jonathan G. Kydd
Keyword(s):  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Economic Stress ◽  
Labour Migration ◽  
Foreign Workers ◽  
Host Countries ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Unusual Phenomenon ◽  
International Labour Migration

This article examines an unusual phenomenon in the context of modern African labour migration. It explains how Malawi, which had long been a significant source of migrant workers for its neighbours, managed to withdraw over one-half of its international labour force from abroad in the first six years of the 1970s, and to integrate these individuals into the domestic economy within a very short period of time. Traumatic movements of large numbers of migrant workers have been all too common in contemporary Africa, usually manifested as expulsions from host countries during periods of economic stress. A recent notable example was the exodus of about a million foreign workers from Nigeria in the course of one month in 1983. What is unusual about the reduction in international labour migration from Malawi is that it was induced mainly by economic opportunities rather than by coercion.

scholarly journals The Role of the Labour Department in International Labour Migrant Management in Ghana

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Eugene Narh Korletey ◽  
Eric Bossman Asare ◽  
Joseph Kofi Teye
Keyword(s):  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Migration Policy ◽  
Labour Migration ◽  
International Consensus ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
International Economic Relations ◽  
International Labour Migration ◽  
Security Deposits ◽  
Globalized World

International migration is the major integral part of international economic relations and significant component of the globalized world. Its issues cannot be comprehended without considering levels of policy at national, regional and global forums have attracted high levels of policy consideration at national, regional and global forums. It linkages the development in countries and migrant workers in terms of an emerging international consensus on the positive aspects of labour migration cannot be overemphasized. Therefore, the study sought to examines how the labour department manages international labour migration in Ghana. The snowball, stratified sampling techniques and in-depth interviews were used for data collection. The study showed that in spite of the absence of national migration policy, the labour department has been mandated with registration, licensing and monitoring of private employment agencies in the country. The study showed major challenge of labour department raising security deposits of GH₵ 25,000 as the registration requirement. The study also discusses the institutional collaboration that exists between the labour department and other state and international organizations as well as private entities in respect of labour migration in the country. The study concluded that the level of collaboration between the labour department and other institutions including state and international organization in respect of international labour migration management can be explained within the context of the migration systems theory.

scholarly journals Impact of International Labour Migration of Nepal

Patan Pragya ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 142-151
Author(s):  
Manamaya Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Labour Migration ◽  
Policy Dialogue ◽  
Western Development ◽  
International Labour Migration ◽  
The Government ◽  
Term Labour

Nepalese history has maintained long-term labour migration high intensity through 2014 and will continue. It was estimated that at least 7.3 percent of the total population would be engaged in longtermlabour migration in 2017 (compared to 6.3% at the time of survey). Long-term labourmigration is more likely to originate from rural areas (61%) than urban areas. It is clearly men-led with 93 per cent men and only 7 per cent women, and this gender imbalance will continue in the near future. Most long-term migrant workers originate from Central and Western Development Regions (67%) and are more likely to work in GCC countries and Other countries, while those from Mid-Western and Far-Western Development Regions migrate mostly to Asian countries, mainly India (continuing historical migration pattern towards this destination selected data generated from migrant workers’ and households’ surveys carried out within the Research and Policy Dialogue Initiative on Migration and Remittances in Nepal. The article aims to assist the Government of Nepal in developing evidence-based policies to connect effectively the link between migration and development.

Filipino Guest Workers, Gender Segregation, and the Changing Social/Labor-Scape in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 503-512
Author(s):  
Simeon S. Magliveras
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Major Part ◽  
Gender Segregation ◽  
Guest Workers ◽  
Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia ◽  
Gcc Countries ◽  
Overseas Filipino Workers ◽  
Dress Codes ◽  
Social Labor

Filipinos are a major part of the workforce in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia with a population of almost one million. This article investigates the effects of gender segregation on Filipino workers and how they navigate their lives through systems imposed on them. In particular, it examines the Kafala system (administrative sponsoring system) used for recruiting migrant workers for GCC countries. This article suggests that contrary beliefs about gender segregation and dress codes, Filipinas found it empowering. However, this article also concludes that gender segregation and dress codes also lead to isolation and loneliness. In addition, it is concluded that the fate and contentment of the overseas Filipino workers are directly dependent on who sponsors them.

Labour migration and its impact on employment in the Republic of Bashkortostan

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-74
Author(s):  
G. V. Yakshibaeva
Keyword(s):  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Close Relation ◽  
The State ◽  
Labour Migration ◽  
Rational Selection ◽  
Labor Migrants ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
The Republic ◽  
External Migration

The problem of providing the most efficient and rational selection, distribution, use of migrant workers, with regard to both internal and external migration in close relation to socio-economic and demographic interests of the state are currently of particular relevance. Scientific novelty of work consists in the identification of factors and directions of flows as departing and arriving labor migrants in the Republic of Bashkortostan, the characteristics of the development of labour migration and its impact on employment, which allowed to identify problems and negative trends.

Employers, Recruiters, and Workers

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Martin
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Foreign Earnings ◽  
Work Abroad ◽  
Skilled Migrant

Low-skilled migrant workers often pay high fees to work abroad, which reduces the remittances they can send to their families and is regressive because low-skilled workers pay more than high-skilled workers. No one knows exactly how much workers pay, justifying more data on this in order to reduce worker-paid costs. Media exposés of workers who paid a year’s foreign earnings to get a two-year contract may leave the impression that all workers pay such high fees, although the data collected from workers in diverse corridors do not support such a conclusion. Since the number of low-skilled workers often exceeds the number of jobs, worker willingness to pay can be a way of allocating scarce jobs among workers, although government efforts to limit what workers pay can drive payments underground.

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