Princess Elisabeth’s Cautions and Descartes’ Suppression of the Traité de l’Homme

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 289-313
Author(s):  
Harold J. Cook
Keyword(s):  
Careful Consideration ◽  
Complete Work ◽  
The Common

Abstract Why did Descartes not publish his chief physiology work during his lifetime? Descartes considered that the physiological and medical conclusions that could be drawn from his philosophy were fundamental to his intellectual project, and an apparently complete work was circulating among friends in 1641 but was only published more than a decade after his death, as De Homine (1662) and Traité de l’Homme (1664). This paper argues that Princess Elisabeth’s careful consideration of his physiology raised questions about whether the common interpretation of his philosophy as dualistic was correct, implicating it in some of the most dangerous arguments of his generation. Her questions served as a warning, in a moment when the personal papers and even the liberty of the Frenchman were threatened. Descartes had no interest in becoming a medical Galileo, and listened to the princess, leaving the work unpublished.

scholarly journals CHARACTER EDUCATION AS THE PRIMARY PURPOSE OF SCHOOLING FOR THE FUTURE

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 137 ◽  
Author(s):  
McRobert Lewis ◽  
Veronica Ponzio
Keyword(s):  
Character Education ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Moral Character ◽  
Careful Consideration ◽  
Common Denominator ◽  
Educational Context ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of ◽  
Generous Support ◽  
The Common

This analysis seeks to examine the history and development of moral/character education in America during the 20th century providing structure for the character education movement in today’s educational context. The common denominator and key to character education for the future is community. The concept of community connects the three aforementioned themes and provides a roadmap for better implementation of character education. Careful consideration is given to the interaction and contributions of the school and society in terms of promoting and developing character education. Though there is generous support from politicians, educators, and parents, character education is still somewhat mired by its lack of scope. This examination proposes that current character education proponents can find new frameworks for implementation by observing the history of character education.

A sizing improvement methodology based on adjustment of interior accommodation rates across measurement categories within a size chart

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 716-731 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Pei ◽  
Huiju Park ◽  
Susan P. Ashdown ◽  
Arzu Vuruskan
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Work Flow ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
National Scale ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Size Information ◽  
Complete Work ◽  
The Common

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify common issues among commercial body size charts, and to propose a sizing improvement methodology without changing the number of sizes in the range. One goal is to equalize the number of people accommodated by each size within the range, and to propose a way to evaluate the effectiveness of the improvement. Design/methodology/approach The proposed method consists of three phases: (Phase I) identify target population; (Phase II) analysis of existing size charts; and (Phase III) improvement of the initial size chart. Phase III is the key process, which includes repeated manipulation of intersize intervals of the three primary measurements (chest, waist and hip) for improved consistency of overall and interior accommodate rates among the three measurement categories. A program was developed in RStudio® to generate trials and side-by-side bar plots for visualization of the differences in accommodate rates. Findings The main issue in commercial body size charts observed is the inconsistency of the interior accommodation rates among measurement categories. Some other issues include: lack of important measurements, failure to provide ranges and gaps between measurement ranges of adjacent sizes. Originality/value This paper proposed a complete work flow to improve body size charts to fix the common issues. The method integrates historic size information and new anthropometric information extracted from a national-scale sizing database (e.g. SizeUSA). The study also brought association of the secondary body measurements with primary measurements without using linear regression. Hence, information from body size charts can be more efficiently used in acquiring other size information.

scholarly journals An Overview of Shoulder Instability and its Management

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 338-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Greville Farrar ◽  
Joby Jacob George Malal ◽  
Jochen Fischer ◽  
Mohammed Waseem
Keyword(s):  
Shoulder Instability ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Careful Consideration ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Clear Explanation ◽  
The Common

The assessment and management of patients with instability of the shoulder joint can be challenging, due to the varying ways patients present, the array of different classification systems, the confusing terminology used and the differing potential management strategies. This review article aims to provide a clear explanation of the common concepts in shoulder instability and how they relate to the assessment and management of patients.There are sections covering the mechanisms of shoulder stability, the clinical assessment of patients and imaging techniques. Beyond that there is a discussion on the common classifications systems used and the typical management options.Some patients fall into reasonably well defined categories of classification and in these cases, the management plan is relatively easy to define. Unfortunately, other patients can elude simple classification and in these instances their management requires very careful consideration. Further research may help to facilitate a better understanding of management of the patients in this latter group.

scholarly journals ROENTGEN RAY INTOXICATION

1923 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 741-752 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. L. Warren ◽  
G. H. Whipple
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Tract ◽  
Careful Consideration ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Pelvic Radiation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Incomplete Observations ◽  
Intestinal Pathology ◽  
The Common ◽  
Common Laboratory ◽  
Human Intestinal Tract

These experiments show that the common laboratory animals are about equally sensitive to the x-ray given over the abdomen. The clinical reaction following a M.L.D. is very similar and the intestinal pathology almost identical. The rat and guinea pig are slightly more sensitive to the x-ray than are the dog, cat, and rabbit. By contrast birds, frogs, and reptiles are very resistant to the x-ray and may tolerate two or three doses of radiation lethal for dogs. We can offer no convincing explanation for this fact which is discussed above. These data strengthen our belief in the scattered and incomplete observations on human cases which indicate that the human intestinal tract is likewise sensitive to radiation. This fact must be given careful consideration in conditions where abdominal or pelvic radiation is being used because such injury done to intestinal epithelium is always serious and in some cases irreparable.

scholarly journals A Review of Electric Impedance Matching Techniques for Piezoelectric Sensors, Actuators and Transducers

Electronics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivek T. Rathod
Keyword(s):  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Electrical Impedance ◽  
Impedance Matching ◽  
Careful Consideration ◽  
Piezoelectric Sensors ◽  
Electric Signal ◽  
Electric Impedance ◽  
The Common ◽  
Matching Techniques

Any electric transmission lines involving the transfer of power or electric signal requires the matching of electric parameters with the driver, source, cable, or the receiver electronics. Proceeding with the design of electric impedance matching circuit for piezoelectric sensors, actuators, and transducers require careful consideration of the frequencies of operation, transmitter or receiver impedance, power supply or driver impedance and the impedance of the receiver electronics. This paper reviews the techniques available for matching the electric impedance of piezoelectric sensors, actuators, and transducers with their accessories like amplifiers, cables, power supply, receiver electronics and power storage. The techniques related to the design of power supply, preamplifier, cable, matching circuits for electric impedance matching with sensors, actuators, and transducers have been presented. The paper begins with the common tools, models, and material properties used for the design of electric impedance matching. Common analytical and numerical methods used to develop electric impedance matching networks have been reviewed. The role and importance of electrical impedance matching on the overall performance of the transducer system have been emphasized throughout. The paper reviews the common methods and new methods reported for electrical impedance matching for specific applications. The paper concludes with special applications and future perspectives considering the recent advancements in materials and electronics.

scholarly journals John of Damascus: rewriting the division of heresy and schism

Vox Patrum ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 68 ◽  
pp. 501-512
Author(s):  
Zachary M. Keith
Keyword(s):  
Careful Consideration ◽  
Proper Understanding ◽  
Christian Churches ◽  
True Purpose ◽  
John Of Damascus ◽  
The Common ◽  
Common Understanding ◽  
The Church

St. John Damascene’s writings on heresies – specifically those texts against Nestorianism and Monophysitism – demonstrate a careful consideration of how thin the line is between schism and heresy. In the texts on heresies, Damascenus endeavors to reread the separation of certain Churches as an ecclesial problem and not only a theological problem. His writings blur the lines between heresy, nor­mally a theological concern, and schism, an ecclesiastical term normally reserved for the separation of Christian Churches. St. John Damascene’s teachings against heresies fit well within the culture of florilegia and compilations. John’s goal, particularly in the De haeresibus, seems to have been to contribute scholarly to the growing world of anti-heretical texts. His texts add to the already large list of known heresies, registering heresies that arose after the council of Chalcedon. Yet John’s texts against heresies are not meant simply to combat false tea­chings. In some cases, particularly Monophysitism, Damascenus contends that the terms used by orthodox (pro-Chalcedonian) Christians and Monophysite Chris­tians mean the same thing. We must read the Liber de haeresibus in the context of his other writings (e.g. Contra Jacobitas or Contra Nestorianos) in order to determine his true purpose. These definitions aim not to divide Christians based only on teachings, but to show the common understanding present in Christology in spite of different vocabulary. With a proper understanding of heresy, John of Damascus is able to provide a more complete description of the schisms in the Church of his time.

Psychopharmacology

2020 ◽  
pp. 207-216
Author(s):  
Delia Bishara
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
Careful Consideration ◽  
Chronic Illnesses ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Parameters ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Pharmacological Agents ◽  
The Common ◽  
And Gender

The use of pharmacological agents in older adults is one of the most complex aspects of patient care. Clinicians must display expert knowledge on and careful consideration of the various factors involved. Older people exhibit an unexpected or exaggerated response to drug therapy when compared to their younger counterparts of the same body weight and gender. Often this response is explained through pharmacokinetic or pharmacodynamic changes. Understanding the common physiological changes seen in ageing is helpful in anticipating the changes expected in pharmacokinetic parameters. The pharmacodynamic variations seen in older patients may also increase or decrease sensitivity to a drug independently of the pharmacokinetic changes. In addition, age is known to be associated with increased prevalence of multiple chronic illnesses frequently requiring the use of complex therapeutic regimens, thus increasing the risk for adverse drug reactions and drug interactions in older people.

scholarly journals Generational Divide: A New Model to Measure and Prevent Youth Social and Economic Discrimination

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciano Monti
Keyword(s):  
Digital Divide ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Youth Unemployment ◽  
Careful Consideration ◽  
Synthetic Index ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Housing Costs ◽  
Intergenerational Fairness ◽  
The Common ◽  
Generational Divide

Measures concerning intergenerational inequality generally refer to youth unemployment or youth household income and wealth. The common conclusion is that the generational gap is represented by negative trend of youth unemployment and NEETS. In this paper, I argue that this phenomenon is not the cause of intergenerational unfairness, but one of its effects.The pioneering efforts to measure the intergenerational fairness through a set of multidimensional indicators are the starting point for deeper analysis. The purpose of this paper, however, is not only to measure unfairness, but to quantify the generational divide. The latter is defined as the intensity of material and immaterial barriers affecting a sound development of individuals.The way to measure such a phenomenon is to use a new and comprehensive, synthetic index, applied to the Italian youth emergency and social discrimination. For this reason some new indicators are added to the previous models, such as credit crunch, the scar inferred to NEET (Not in Education, Employment or Training), digital divide and barriers to mobility.The results of this pilot analysis in the selected country for the period 2004-2012 demonstrate a worsening of the generational divide over the last five years and these high negative trends are mainly due to housing costs, decreasing incomes and the pension burden. These results suggest the need for a deep and careful consideration on the real intergenerational sustainability of current European and development strategies and show a large discrimination towards the younger generations.

scholarly journals Technology and Regulatory Black Holes: Issues in Protecting IP Rights in Insolvency for Both Licensors and Licensees

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 290
Author(s):  
Jason J Kilborn
Keyword(s):  
Careful Consideration ◽  
Common Root ◽  
New Era ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
Common Solution ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Common ◽  
Insolvency Proceedings ◽  
Innovation And Entrepreneurship

Australia’s insolvency laws have a curious deficiency:  There are virtually no provisions on the treatment of ongoing contracts.  Such contracts may well represent some of the most valuable assets of a business debtor, small or large, especially in this new era of rapid technological innovation, where tangible property often pales in value to that inherent in intellectual property.  Indeed, IP rights are often the nucleus around which a small business’ vitality revolves.  The inability of businesses predictably to rely on, manage, and protect license contracts preserving IP rights is a problem that is sure to become more acute in the coming decades, as both the importance of IP rights and the incidence of business insolvency rise.  Experience from across the Pacific portends a potential wave of coming disputes involving such rights in developed economies like Australia’s, potentially hitting small entrepreneurs hard and undermining the effectiveness of insolvency proceedings for these crucial debtors and their creditors.  This article reveals a proliferation of disputes concerning IP license rights and several salient challenges confronted by both licensors and licensees, debtors and non-debtors, in domestic and cross-border insolvency proceedings in US insolvency proceedings.  The common root of these challenges seems to be legislation that did not foresee the rise of IP licensing as a mainstay of modern entrepreneurship.  The simple common solution, and a guide for Australian regulators, is more careful consideration of non-obvious pitfalls in laws that preserve IP license rights in insolvency cases to maximise value not only for the parties involved, but for modern societies who increasingly depend on innovation and entrepreneurship.

Catalogue reduction techniques

1978 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 389-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chr. de Vegt
Keyword(s):  
Adjustment Process ◽  
Proper Motions ◽  
Measuring Process ◽  
Aerial Photogrammetry ◽  
Reduction Techniques ◽  
Observational Technique ◽  
The Common ◽  
Astrometric Data

AbstractReduction techniques as applied to astrometric data material tend to split up traditionally into at least two different classes according to the observational technique used, namely transit circle observations and photographic observations. Although it is not realized fully in practice at present, the application of a blockadjustment technique for all kind of catalogue reductions is suggested. The term blockadjustment shall denote in this context the common adjustment of the principal unknowns which are the positions, proper motions and certain reduction parameters modelling the systematic properties of the observational process. Especially for old epoch catalogue data we frequently meet the situation that no independent detailed information on the telescope properties and other instrumental parameters, describing for example the measuring process, is available from special calibration observations or measurements; therefore the adjustment process should be highly self-calibrating, that means: all necessary information has to be extracted from the catalogue data themselves. Successful applications of this concept have been made already in the field of aerial photogrammetry.

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