Wilfully Blind: the Security Council’s Response to Genocide in Rwanda

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 136-147
Author(s):  
Tamsin Phillipa Paige
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
International Law ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Security Council ◽  
Criminal Responsibility ◽  
The State ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
The Face ◽  
Individual Criminal Responsibility ◽  
Historical Practice

The UN Security Council’s response to the Rwanda genocide was a significant moment in history. It changed the face of international law, cementing individual criminal responsibility for atrocities in the canon of international law. It also saw the Security Council respond to mass atrocities without the consent of the state in question in a manner that ran counter to historical practice. But all of these outcomes are haunted by the fact that decisions made by the Security Council in the build up to the genocide served to create the conditions on the ground that allowed genocide to flourish. This intervention conducts a critical discourse analysis of the statements made by the Permanent Five members of the Security Council justifying these decisions in the context of whether Rwanda constituted a ‘threat to the peace’ under article 39 of the UN Charter, concluding that Security Council through its decisions was complicit in the genocide.

The Legitimating Power of Discourse

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 256-275
Author(s):  
Mustafa Menshawy
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
The State ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
The Political ◽  
Discursive Construction ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
Media Texts ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Culturally Embedded

Abstract In this article, I examine a corpus of texts that address the 1973 war; these texts cover the period from 1981 to 2011, marking the beginning and end of Hosni Mubarak’s rule. Utilizing Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), I explore how Mubarak’s regime employed the war to legitimize its power and defend its policies by deploying longstanding culturally-embedded ‘macro themes’. These macro themes refer to the war as an overwhelming and undisputed ‘Egyptian victory’ and, more significantly, they portray Mubarak himself as ‘war personified/war personalized’. The analysis of linguistic and extra-linguistic features in al-Ahram newspaper (the mouthpiece of the state), among other media texts on the war, show how the discursive construction was made consistent, coherent and resonant in a managed context that characterized the political and media landscapes. Depending on unique access to those who produced, edited and even censored the texts under analysis, this method unravels a complex set of cultural messages and conventions about the war, and fills a lacuna in the literature by offering insight into the deliberate and well-coordinated process of shaping and reshaping a specific discourse for a specific purpose.

scholarly journals Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto’s Speech in United Nations’ Security Council (UNSC) on September 22, 1965: Critical Discourse Analysis Perspective

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Sibtain Chohan ◽  
Muhammad Nadeem Anwar
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Security Council ◽  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
United Nations Security Council ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Study Case

The aim of the study is to analyze Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto’s speech at United Nations’ Security Council on September 22, 1965. The study attempts to uncover the meanings of the words employed to show the core tension of 1965 war between Pakistan and India. There have been different models of CDA presented by scholars like Fairclough, Wodak and Van Dijk, but the most suitable CDA framework for this study case is of Van Dijk. His (1997) framework for critical discourse analysis provides the clear picture of the ideologies expressed in various kinds of structures. Qualitative methodology has been employed for this study and the content of the speech was analyzed qualitatively. The findings of the study elaborate that Bhutto was determined to have a permanent peace in the region. It can also be observed that he was quite confident in buying peace for Pakistani and the neighboring countries. He reinforced the subject matter with multiple instances of the countries that faced the same war-like circumstances and rose again with new zeal and zest. The study has its theoretical as well as practical scope.

scholarly journals The discourse of men's facial care products in Instagram from the Foucauldian perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Teguh Dwi Putranto ◽  
Bagong Suyanto ◽  
Septi Ariadi ◽  
Roberto Rudolf T Santos
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Care Product ◽  
Body Appearance ◽  
The Face ◽  
Health Discourse ◽  
The Way

Talking about body appearance, of course, cannot be separated from metrosexual men who tend to place great importance on appearance, from the way of dress to rituals in caring for their bodies. The men's body has been viewed and utilised as a commodity from the capitalist industry to rival the women's body. This study seeks to explore the discourse Erto's Men as one of facial care product for men built through posts on Instagram because Erto's Men is the face care product that appears the most in searches via #metrosexual on Instagram. The method used in this research is a critical discourse analysis on the @ertosmen Instagram post from June until August 2020. The results obtained in this study indicate that Erto's Men as a men facial skincare product builds a disciplining men's bodies by juxtaposing metrosexual representations through clean and bright skin, and with masculine representations through beard growth. So that through this representation, Erto's Men also helps build a health discourse for men through masculine concepts.

scholarly journals Critical discourse analysis on the news about terrorism: An analytical study on Turkish media

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aykut Töngür ◽  
Hakan Batirhan Kara
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Nongovernmental Organizations ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
The State ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Political View ◽  
News Reports ◽  
The Subject ◽  
International Issue

Today, combating terrorism is accepted as an international issue. Turkey has struggled with this problem for years. Combating terrorism is not only a matter for the state or government to address, but nongovernmental organizations must be contribute to the process of developing strategies and policies against terrorism. Media organs may have contribution in fighting against terrorism and newspapers which can be tools to combat terrorism are the subject of this study. Three newspapers were selected as samples of this study and news reports relating to terror and terrorism in these newspapers were analyzed according to Van Dijk’s Critical Discourse Analysis. As a result of the findings of this study, it is seen that media organs are not free from biases and ruling ideology and political view effects newspapers, magazines or televisions while presenting terror news. At the end of the study, some suggestions were developed especially for the stakeholders in the fight against terrorism.

scholarly journals Understanding the health of lorry drivers in context: A critical discourse analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nick Caddick ◽  
Veronica Varela-Mato ◽  
Myra A Nimmo ◽  
Stacey Clemes ◽  
Tom Yates ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Subject Position ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Healthy Living ◽  
Lifestyle Choices ◽  
The Face ◽  
Combination Of Methods

This article moves beyond previous attempts to understand health problems in the lives of professional lorry drivers by placing the study of drivers’ health in a wider social and cultural context. A combination of methods including focus groups, interviews and observations were used to collect data from a group of 24 lorry drivers working at a large transport company in the United Kingdom. Employing a critical discourse analysis, we identified the dominant discourses and subject positions shaping the formation of drivers’ health and lifestyle choices. This analysis was systematically combined with an exploration of the gendered ways in which an almost exclusively male workforce talked about health. Findings revealed that drivers were constituted within a neoliberal economic discourse, which is reflective of the broader social structure, and which partly restricted drivers’ opportunities for healthy living. Concurrently, drivers adopted the subject position of ‘average man’ as a way of defending their personal and masculine status in regards to health and to justify jettisoning approaches to healthy living that were deemed too extreme or irrational in the face of the constraints of their working lives. Suggestions for driver health promotion include refocusing on the social and cultural – rather than individual – underpinnings of driver health issues and a move away from moralistic approaches to health promotion.

scholarly journals PSEUDO-BEAUTY: SEXUALITY IN INDAH HANACO’S THE CURSE OF BEAUTY (A STUDY OF CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS)

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Fiqih Aisyatul Farokhah ◽  
Sri Kusumo Habsari ◽  
Mugijatna Mugijatna
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Sales Promotion ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Sex Tourism ◽  
The World ◽  
The Face ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

This article uses critical discourse analysis to uncover the discourse of pseudo beauty included the shape of the discourse and the reaction of sales promotion girl (SPG) which is represented in Indah Hanaco’s novel The Curse of Beauty. The design of the research is descriptive qualitative. Women wear thick makeup and attractive dress to cover their weakness, and they can be considered as beautiful women. Makeup makes the face more real than the reality thus it is mentioned as pseudo beauty. It makes SPG tries hard to become beautiful and sexy as a way of attracting the consumers. Most of them are trapped in the world of prostitution as the facilitator of sex tourism. SPG and prostitution seemingly become a stereotype that cannot be separated. They are tormented by a falseness and loneliness life in the halfway of hedonism. Capitalism makes them do not have a choice except being SPG which is a side job in sex tourism. These situations are caused by the pseudo beauty which gives them the curse as like represented by Indah Hanaco in her novel The Curse of Beauty.

scholarly journals Counterhegemonic Discourse in Tengku Amir Hamzah’s Poem Mabuk

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
Bima Prana Chitra ◽  
Ikhwanuddin Nasution ◽  
Asmyta Surbakti ◽  
Muhizar Muchtar
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Emotional Response ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
The State ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
East Indies ◽  
Language Structure

The research aims to implement the theory of Counterhegemonic discourse with two points of discussion:  the Dutch Colonial’s Social Exclusivism and Reintroducing Indonesian Cultural Identity in Mabuk, a lyric poem written by Tengku Amir Hamzah during the Dutch colonialization of Indonesia (Dutch East Indies). The poem consists of both traditional Malay rhyming scheme and modern Indonesian language structure that embody Tengku Amir Hamzah’s emotional response, as well as his romantic expressions towards the state of a drunken person in metaphorical nuance with the points of inciting nationalism. The study was conducted by means of descriptive qualitative method utilizing critical discourse analysis (CDA) method with the support of deconstruction theory and phenomenological approach. The result shows that Mabuk is a Counterhegemonic poem revealing the standing of the Dutch during the colonialization era and the fading of cultural identity which is to be restored in order to get harmony in national existence.

scholarly journals Van Dijk’s critical discourse analysis in the Narasi Mata Najwa program and the community response to the face-to-face learning in Indonesian

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-177
Author(s):  
Ryan Hidayat ◽  
Khusnul Khotimah ◽  
Sumarlam Sumarlam
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Community Response ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Word Choice ◽  
Sentence Structure ◽  
Opinion Formation ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
The Face ◽  
Face To Face Learning

The purpose of this study is to analyze the critical discourse of Teun A. Van Dijk's model in the Narasi Mata Najwa program. The Narasi Mata Najwa program is a strategic forum for social groups, community groups to appear and discuss the discourses presented. The Narasi Mata Najwa program often invites figures from various circles of society, both from government figures and political figures. The Narasi Mata Najwa event is a discourse formation practice. Discourse refers to social activities that take place from various backgrounds in which the language unit appears. Critical discourse analysis using Van Dijk's model includes three aspects, namely macro structure, super structure, and microstructure. This research uses descriptive qualitative research method. The results of this research from Van Dijk's model examines the discourse that is used as a suggestion for opinion formation through word choice, sentence structure, and appropriate language style.Keywords: critical discourse analysis, Narasi Mata Najwa, community response

scholarly journals Lack of Actor in the State Address of Indonesian President on the 74th Indonesia Independence Day

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 231
Author(s):  
Jonathan Irene Sartika Dewi Max ◽  
Mardliya Pratiwi Zamruddin
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Systemic Functional Linguistics ◽  
The State ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Symbolic Violence ◽  
Political Speech ◽  
Passive Voice ◽  
High Modulation ◽  
Material Process

<p><em>Political speech must be perceived critically in order to avoid the misuse of power. </em><em>Applying Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) and Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), this paper offered a perspective to understand how power is symbolically exercised through the use of language in Jokowi’s State Address on the occasion of 74th Indonesia Independence Day 2019. The analysis started by collecting the clauses with high modulation represented by the modal word ‘must’. It appeared as the most frequent modal in the speech text indicating that there is an act of commanding given by the President. However, the high modulated clauses did not give a clear guide on who is the liable Actor for the realization of the discourse of an “Advanced Indonesia”. </em><em>This phenomenon in language was critical to show that there was a possibility of symbolic violence, which happens because of speaker/writer did not clearly state who was the responsible Actor for each specific action required in the discourse of an Advanced Indonesia. In this instance, </em>his speech <em>opens the possibility of symbolic</em> <em>violence</em>. <em>This was proven by 1) the unidentified accountable Actor from the use of the pronoun ‘we’,  2) hidden agent in nominalization in the Material process, 3) the use of passive voice with Material Process, and 4) the process of Relational Process of Attributive used for characterizing Indonesia. </em></p>

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