All mod cons ?

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 459-480
Author(s):  
Graham H. Roberts

In our paper we propose a typology of the different ways in which the theme of consumption and the consumer society is treated in contemporary Russian literature. Some writers, of whom Oksana Robski is perhaps the best known, view consumption as something entirely positive, as a way for an individual (and especially a woman) to affirm their social identity. Others, such as Sergei Minaev and Viktor Pelevin, directly attack consumerism for the manner in which it has produced a spiritual void in Russian society today. A third group of writers, such as Zakhar Prilepin and Dmitry Bykov, criticise consumerism indirectly, by showing characters who are more or less violently opposed to the new society. Finally, novelists such as Ol’ga Slavnikova, Vladimir Sorokin and Mikhail Elizarov, do not evoke consumerism explicitly, but instead use metaphor to evoke the absence of basic human values in the new market economy. In today’s Russia, consumption has become the focus of a bitter struggle between different views of human nature, of society, and perhaps most importantly, of Russian identity itself. Nowhere is this struggle more clearly portrayed than in the pages of contemporary Russian literature.

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-171
Author(s):  
Thi Huong Do

Isaac Babel is an exceptional Russian-Jewish writer of Russian literature. The writer himself and his best work Red Cavalry have truly become a remarkable phenomenon in Russian and world literature. Through Red Cavalry, Babel not only helps readers understand more about the life, the fighting process as well as the virtues and the ideal of the Red Army Cossack soldiers, but also allows them to see the human values, human nature, simple wishes and noble aspirations of people, especially the Jewish intellectuals in violent war situations. His readers, therefore, pay even more respect for this talented and brave writer, and at the same time, earn a more comprehensive view of a highly turbulent period of the Russian-Soviet literature. With an uncommon psychological view used in approaching the works written about war, this article hopes to highlight the issues mentioned above.


2018 ◽  
pp. 25-40
Author(s):  
Walentyn N. Wandyszew

The aim of this article is to present the abovementioned events in Ukraine showed how the understanding o f them and experiencing o f the particular crisis situation can lead to the conditions when people start protesting against the ongoing socio-economic and political changes. Certainly, cultural, ethnic and religious identities have considerable importance. The author shows that Karl Popper was a witness of birth, adoption and death o f the totalitarian states o f the twentieth century, based on fascism and communism. He, as a thoughtful and observant scientist, fundamentally and profoundly studied the essence of Plato’s totalitarianism in Charmides. The scientific principles and scrupulosity o f Karl Popper also manifested in the fact that he repeatedly revised his study Open Society and Its Enemies, which was published in 1945, during more than two decades. Present media, subordinated to the creators o f new concepts and meanings and to the invisible fathers of netocracy, have already captured many of the commanding heights o f public life. And the modern censorship is focused not on blocking some messages or content, but on the promotion o f such messages and meanings, which deprive the consumer from the ability to know what is happening in the banking sector and infrastructural spheres of public life. Values o f the consumer society, still being imposed to a mass society, today, do not meet the spirit o f time. Thus, the world is still in between the past and the future, because authoritarianism and totalitarianism remain unresolved phenomena and these phenomena are aggressive and disguise themselves actively, using media resources. It is evident that the ruling elite o f the Russian society has set out to restore the former empire.


1980 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. Kocis

At the root of the conflict between Berlin and his critics is a fundamental disagreement over the possibility of certainty and over the relation of human ends to politics. Gerald MacCallum's formalist critique obscures the political question of whose values a free person is at liberty to pursue. Macpherson's attempt to defend positive liberty as not rationalistic is shown to fail because he (a) conflates liberty with its conditions and (b) assumes a rational pattern to human moral development. And Crick charges Berlin with ignoring politics, understood as active participation in the polis. Finally, Berlin's conception of politics as a form of human interaction aimed at creating the conditions of human dignity in a situation where we sincerely disagree over the ends of life is shown to be an effort to liberate us to live life for our own purposes. Yet Berlin's defense of liberty is problematic because it is too skeptical; to overcome this difficulty, a non-teleological yet developmentalist account of human nature and a weakly hierarchical account of human values is suggested.


2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-167
Author(s):  
Wang Kaidi ◽  

The article is devoted to the Opera "The Dawns Here Are Quiet" by the Chinese composer Tang Jianping based on the same-named novel by Boris Vasilyev. The theme of the Great Patriotic War, which for the first time became the plot of the Chinese Opera, was in tune with the theme of the Chinese Resistance to the Japanese Invasion. The composition synthesizes the characteristics of the European opera type in its Russified version, which was reflected in the heroic and epic dramaturgy and multi-part musical text. Russian folklore allusions, quasi- quotes from Russian operas, military-patriotic and Soviet mass songs reflect the author's method. The integrity of musical dramaturgy was given by the leitmotif, which became the main marker of Russian identity in the Opera. The Opera lacks a naturalistic embodiment of the War, and depicts the enemy in a conventional, symbolic way, in the form of unnamed but recognizable figures. The creators of the play sought to reveal the barbaric essence of the War, its anti-human character, to present the psychological state of the heroes and the manifestation of their human nature. The theme of the death of young girls gave a special perspective to the Opera, which is particularly acute in China due to gender disparity. The concept of the composer, director and screenwriter reflects the ideological constants of traditional Chinese culture, which gave the Opera an internal subtext.


2000 ◽  
Vol 27 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 17-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeev Katz

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Khairul Nizam Bin Zainal Badri

This article aims to analyze the importance of humanistic education from a psychological standpoint. Humanistic education can be considered as a form of education that promotes positive psychological development. Through humanistic education, human dignity is elevated as much as human intellect can be, and thinking can be further developed. Humanistic education also enlivens human nature through the realization of one's existence. However, humanistic education must be in line with religion so that students will not be confused by the true meaning of freedom. True human values must be based on religion and not on mere logic


Author(s):  
Christopher Gill

The burgeoning science of human nature recognized the implications for human identity. In the later fifth or early fourth centuries BCE philosophers started to develop a systematically dualistic account of human beings as composites of body and soul. In this view, the body is something that embeds the person in a particular community, and the soul is the true ‘self’, the locus of desires and beliefs which those communities could shape. This article suggests that personal identity is for these thinkers social identity, and it is no coincidence that Plato's utopian designs for a polis in the Republic are largely structured around rethinking the educational curriculum, or, conversely, that Protagoras assigns the central role in moral education to the city as a whole.


2019 ◽  
pp. 234-244
Author(s):  
Madinabonu AHMEDOVA

The article is devoted to the problem of the evolution of the literary hero and the types of heroes in modern Russian literature of the XXI century. The admiration of the person of the person being described and the desire to redirect this feeling to the reader make the style of the work of Zakhar Prilepin realistic through the prism of modernity (neorealism). The writer sets himself the task of telling about the fate of a modern person who faces many difficulties to squeeze in the modern world where human values have already changed, transformed beyond recognition than they were in the literature of the 19th and 20th centuries. Zakhar Prilepin is gradually moving to comprehending a more global problem: is it possible in the conditions where absolutely everyone is wearing a bit of hell in himself. The writer seeks to get an answer to this question on a truly epochal, historical scale.This article also discusses the role of Zakhar Prilepin in the context of modern Russian literature. He writes willingly and openly on topics of concern to the general public. One of the essential components of such statements is his reflections on classical and modern Russian literature, showing love or, on the contrary, dislike for the work of this or that author.The aim of the work is to determine the transformation of modern Russian prose on the example of the works of contemporary Russian writer Zakhar Prilepin. His views on the formation and development of the literary process in the twenty-first century, explores the peculiarities of the hero and the specifics of the writer's artistic world based on the work and literary analyzes. Types of heroes’ characteristic of the prose of this neorealist writer: the hero-provincial, the rebellious hero, the intellectual hero and others. The article attempts to analyze the main features of the imaginative system in the works of Z. Prilepin in the context of the traditions of the new realism (neorealism). Мақола адабий қаҳрамон эволюцияси муаммоси ва ХХI аср замонавий рус адабиётидаги қаҳрамонлар турларини ўрганишга бағишланган. Захар Прилепиндаги таърифлаётган шахснинг ҳайрати ва ички дунёсини ёритиб бериш истаги ва уни китобхонга етказиш учун қўллаган услуби асарларини замон (неореализм) призмаси орқали реализмга олиб ўтади. Ёзувчи ўз олдига ХIХ ва ХХ аср адабиётларидаги инсоният қадриятлари ХХI асрга келиб мутлақоўзгариб, таниб бўлмас даражага етганини замонавий одамнинг тақдири орқалий ёритиб бериш вазифасини қўяди. Захар Прилепин аста-секин янада глобал муаммони англашга интилмоқда: мутлақо ҳамма ўзини дўзах азобига солаётган шароитда бу мумкинми? Ёзувчи ушбу саволгзамон ва тарих миқёсида жавоб олишга интилади.Ушбу мақолада замонавий рус ёзувчиси Захар Прилепиннинг замонавий рус адабиётида тутган ўрни муҳокама қилинади. У кенг жамоатчиликни қизиқтирган мавзуларда очиқ ёзади. Бундай баёнотларнинг муҳим таркибий қисмлариданбири, бу –унинг классик ва замонавий рус адабиётига бўлган муҳаббатини акс эттириши ёки аксинча у ёки бу муаллифнинг ишини ёқтирмаслигидир.Ушбу мақоланинг мақсади замонавий рус ёзувчиси Захар Прилепиннинг ижоди мисолида замонавий рус насрнинг ўзгаришини аниқлашдир. Унинг ХХI аср адабий жараёнининг шаклланиши ва ривожланиши ҳақидаги фикрлари, қаҳрамонининг ўзига хос хусусиятлари ва ёзувчининг ижодий дунёсининг ўзига хос хусусиятларини кўрсатишдир. Бу неореализм оқимига мансуб ёзувчининг насрига хос қаҳрамонлар турлари: провинциал қаҳрамон (қишлоқ аҳолиси), исёнкор қаҳрамон, интеллектуал қаҳрамон ва бошқалар. Муаллиф З. Прилепин асарларидаги образлар тизимига хос хусусиятларни янги реализм (неореализм) анъаналари контекстида таҳлил қилган. Статья посвящена проблеме эволюции литературного героя и типов героев в современной русской литературе XXI века. Восхищение личностью описываемогочеловека и желание переадресовать это чувство читателю делают стилистику произведении Захара Прилепина реалистическими через призму современности (неореализма). Писатель ставит перед собой задачу рассказать о судьбе современной личности сталкивающегося с множеством затруднений чтобы выжать в современном мире где уже человеческие ценности изменились, трансформировались до неузнаваемости чем были в литературе XIXи ХХ веке. Захар Прилепин постепенно переходит к постижению более глобальной проблемы: возможно ли то же самое условиях, где частичку ада в себе носит абсолютно каждый. Ответ на этот вопрос писатель стремится получить в поистине эпохальном, историческом масштабе.А такжев данной статье рассматривается роль Захара Прилепина в контексте современной русской литературы. Он пишет охотно и открыто на темы, волнующие широкую общественность. Одной из существенных составляющих такого рода высказываний становятся его размышления о классической и современной русской литературе, проявляющие любовь или наоборот, неприязнь, к творчеству того или иного автора.Целью работы является определить трансформацию современной русской прозы на примере творчества современного писателя России – Захара Прилепина. Его взгляды на формирование и развитие литературного процесса вХХIвеке; исследуются особенности героя и специфика художественного мира писателяна основе произведении и литературных анализов. Типы героев; характерные для прозы этого писателя-нео реали зма : герой-провинциал; бунтующий герой; герой-интеллигент и другие.В статье осуществляется попытка анализа основных особенностей образной системы в творчестве З. Прилепинав контексте традиций нового реализма (неореализм).


2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexey Vdovin

This article studies the quantitative and qualitative status and cultural functions of modern literature in 46 Russian reading anthologies designed for two major types of high schools (“gymnasia” and “nonclassical secondary schools”) from 1843 to 1904. Such analysis is relevant due to an outdated understanding of the importance of Minister Dmitrii Tolstoy’s conservative reforms between the 1870s and 1880s. Using genealogical, institutional, and historical and functional methods to study the history of education, the author explores the function and consequences of both the exclusion of modern literature from the school curriculum and its presence in some readers. As a result, curriculum classicisation after the 1871 reform and the preservation of the literary curriculum were less unambiguous than was considered previously. The ban on the study of literature written after 1842 and the concurrent significant expansion of texts from Old Russian literature led to a paradoxical and unpredictable sacralisation of the “Russian classics” and discredited many important texts in the eyes of the younger generation. The article demonstrates that in such a situation, educational readers played an important role, being a buffer zone between a strictly limited curriculum and modern literature that was prohibited in class. Quantitative and qualitative analysis of the content of the readers demonstrates that from 1860 to 1900, the share of texts by contemporary authors (i. e. those published 20–30 years before the publication of a reading book) increased from 4 to 35 %. Similarly, starting with 1861, the number of new readers on the educational market increased significantly. Qualitative analysis allows the author to identify the writers whose works were most frequently included in textbooks between the 1860s and 1890s. By the beginning of the 1900s, many fragments of frequently reproduced texts became canonical, were memorized, and, although they could not give a complete picture of the whole text, performed an important cultural function, attracting teenagers to modern texts and often still living authors. As a buffer zone between the official curriculum, the school historical and literary narrative, and the current literary process, readers thus made an important contribution to the canonisation of modern literature in Russian society in the 19th century, even in spite of the ministerial ban on its study.


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