Nota su Cor. xlix:13 ǧaʿalnākum šuʿūban wa-qabāʾila

2021 ◽  
Vol 101 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-43
Author(s):  
Giovanni Canova
Keyword(s):  
Field Work ◽  
The Political ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Specific Interest ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
Islamic Empire ◽  
First Occurrence ◽  
Western Scholarship ◽  
Village Communities ◽  
Partial Translation

Abstract During my field work in Yemen, a frequent topic of discussion has been relevance of tribes in the Yemeni society. Part of the Qurʾanic verse 13 of the sūrah al-Ḥuǧurāt (xlix, Apartments) “wa-ǧaʿalnakum šuʿūban wa-qabāʾila” was frequently cited as a legitimation of the very existence of tribes among the Arabs. But what about šuʿūb? The first occurrence of the term is attested in Epigraphic South Arabian ŠʿB, which has been interpreted as “sedentary tribe, commune, group of village communities” (Beeston et al.), with a specific reference to the South Arabian social organization, not to be confused with the (Northern-)Arab tribal one. The term does not seem to be attested in the old Arabic lexicon. Having found no satisfactory explication in the Arabic sources, my working hypothesis has been that the presence of South Arabian sedentary communities in the oasis of Medina at the time of the Prophet could suggest a possible relationship with the Qur’anic šuʿūb. Probably this peculiar South Arabian term entered into the ʿarabiyyah with the northward emigration of South Arabian peoples. In the course of time, and in a different context, its original meaning evolved into a more general one, according to the political and ethnical developments of the Islamic empire. Šuʿūb, sing. šaʿb, has been traditionally interpreted as ʿaǧam, non-Arabic peoples, races, confederations etc. Many disagreements appear in the Qur’anic commentaries, as well as in the genealogical, lexical, historical, literary sources. Among the several interpretations in Qurṭubī’s al-Ǧāmiʿ one is noteworthy: “Someone says that Šuʿūb are the Arabs of Yemen, the descendants of Qaḥṭān”. As to Qurʾanic (Western) scholarship, I did not find a specific interest nor a consistent contextualization of this Medinan verse. The problematic balance of influence among the believers in Medina, Qurayshi muhāǧirūn and South Arabian anṣār, should not be disregarded. A new possible partial translation of Qurʾan xlix:13 is here suggested: “We appointed you (South Arabian) communities and (Arab) tribes, that you may know one another”.

Behind closed doors! Homosocial desire and the academic boys club

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginia Fisher ◽  
Sue Kinsey
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Field Work ◽  
The Political ◽  
Detailed Data ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Feminist Poststructuralist ◽  
Homosocial Desire ◽  
Men And Masculinities ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – The aim of this paper is to explore the nature and power of the academic boys club. In many organisations, the political significance of the boys club goes largely unremarked and unacknowledged. Yet, the way that male colleagues intimately relate to each other, sometimes called homosocial desire, is crucial to their success at gaining and retaining power at work. Design/methodology/approach – Feminist, poststructuralist, ethnographic, qualitative, and longitudinal data were collected over a five-year period from male and female academics in a British university. Findings – The boys club is still a powerful feature of British universities. Their apparent invisibility shrouds the manner in which they can and do promote and maintain male interests in a myriad of ways, including selection and promotion. These findings have resonances for all organisations. Research limitations/implications – Researching the intimacies between male colleagues requires time-intensive field work and insider access to men interacting with each other. Practical implications – Meaningful gender equality will not be achieved unless and until the more sophisticated forms of female exclusion are revealed and deconstructed. Originality/value – This research makes an unusual and crucial contribution to the study of gender, men and masculinities by providing longitudinal, rich, detailed data, observing men at the closest of quarters and then analysed by a feminist and poststructuralist gaze.

scholarly journals HVOR BOR DE VILDE? Erindringer om identitet og politik i Amazonas

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Søren Hvalkof
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Personal Experience ◽  
Field Work ◽  
The Political ◽  
Peruvian Amazon ◽  
Central Importance ◽  
Study Tour ◽  
Conventional Study ◽  
Political Success

Søren Hvalkof: Where are the Savages? Memories of Identity and Politics in the Amazon The author’s personal experience with a conventional study tour to the Peruvian Andes that metamorphosed into an ethnographic joumey of the Amazon, highlights the central importance of the ethnographic field work as anthropology’s phenomenological soul. The case of the Asheninka of the Peruvian Amazon is used to show why the ethnographic description is crucial to the realization of the political potentials inherent in non-Westem societies. Using classificatory models of ethnic and social identity developed by Dr. Niels Fock and rethinking them in the context of power, the epistemological contrast between the developmentalist and essentialist monolith of Western thinking and the indigenous, nonessentialist, multicentric and particularistic universe is demonstrated. The recent political success of the latter is related to the potentials released through the growing process of globalization. An anecdote from the field epitomizes the choices made by the Asheninka.

scholarly journals Literatura policial y policía: reflexiones a partir de dos intervenciones críticas (José Pablo Feinmann y Carlos Gamerro)

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 (17) ◽  
pp. 197-225
Author(s):  
Hernán Maltz
Keyword(s):  
Detective Fiction ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Crime Fiction ◽  
The Political ◽  
Specific Interest ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Novela Negra ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship

I propose a close reading on two critical interventions about crime fiction in Argentina: “Estado policial y novela negra argentina” (1991) by José Pablo Feinmann and “Para una reformulación del género policial argentino” (2006) by Carlos Gamerro. Beyond the time difference between the two, I observe aspects in common. Both texts elaborate a corpus of writers and fictions; propose an interpretative guide between the literary and the political-social series; maintain a specific interest in the relationship between crime fiction and police; and elaborate figures of enunciators who serve both as theorists of the genre and as writers of fiction. Among these four dimensions, the one that particularly interests me here is the third, since it allows me to investigate the link that is assumed between “detective fiction” and “police institution”. My conclusion is twofold: on the one hand, in both essays predominates a reductionist vision of the genre, since a kind of necessity is emphasized in the representation of the social order; on the other, its main objective seems to lie in intervening directly on the definitions of the detective fiction in Argentina (and, on this point, both texts acquire an undoubtedly prescriptive nuance).

The Road of Computer Code Featuring the Political Economy of Copyleft and Legal Analysis of the General Public License

2011 ◽  
pp. 348-362
Author(s):  
Robert Cunningham
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Open Source ◽  
General Public ◽  
Computer Software ◽  
The Political ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
The Road ◽  
To Come ◽  
General Public License

This chapter examines the development of open source computer software with specific reference to the political economy of copyleft and the legalities associated with the General Public License (GPL). It will be seen that within the context of computer software development the notion of copyleft provides an important contrast to more traditional uses of copyright. This contrast symbolizes political, economic, and social struggles which are contextualized within this chapter. As the GPL is an important legal embodiment of copyleft, its legalities are preliminarily explored so as to determine its future potential. While there is some scope to further refine the legal strength of the GPL, it will be seen that it remains a strong and subversive legal instrument which will continue to underlie open source initiatives in the years to come.

Being Special, Becoming Indigenous: Dilemmas of Special Adat Rights in Indonesia

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 652-673 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Tyson
Keyword(s):  
Public Participation ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Indigenous Rights ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Political ◽  
Reform Era ◽  
Political Intervention ◽  
Village Communities ◽  
The One ◽  
Special Rights

Abstract From 1998 onwards Indonesia’s reform era (reformasi) has captured the imagination of growing numbers of observers, experts and scholars. Policies of decentralisation and enhanced public participation projects have reawakened old debates surrounding indigenous rights, power and status. This article examines the dilemma of special rights, particularly those related to the political revival of customs and traditions (adat istiadat). Calls for exigent recognition and redistributive rights for particular groups and ‘unique’ village communities frequently take the form of indirect regulatory negotiations and direct struggles for land. Case studies from Sulawesi are therefore used to examine heavily contested processes of decentralisation and local autonomy, which in many respects enable the revival of local adat. Distinctions are made between static and fluid views of adat, between being special by virtue of birthright on the one hand, and becoming indigenous by way of deliberate political intervention and mobilisation on the other.

‘I am tired from all of these feelings’: Narrating suffering in the film Sick

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Senka Božić-Vrbančić ◽  
Renata Kokanović ◽  
Jelena Kupsjak
Keyword(s):  
Public Sphere ◽  
Documentary Film ◽  
The Political ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Lesbian Woman ◽  
Institutional Violence ◽  
Political Critique ◽  
Emotional Relationships ◽  
Pain And Suffering ◽  
Political Question

This article explores ‘the politics of sentimentality’ with specific reference to the documentary film Sick, which represents the narrative of a young lesbian woman, Ana, who was confined in a psychiatric hospital in Croatia and ‘treated’ for her homosexuality. We consider the ways our most intimate emotional relationships and states, such as pain and suffering, articulate with a wider context of familial citizenship and critically examine the political limits of compassion within the sentimentalised public sphere. In this analysis, we problematise the film’s emotional logic, which presents an individualised narrative resolution at the expense of dwelling on the political question of institutional violence. We examine the role that politics of sentimentality plays in neutralising the film’s political critique of the state apparatuses (psychiatry and family) that enforce heterosexual norms.

Reply to Lowe

Politics ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-111
Author(s):  
Nicola Lacey ◽  
Elizabeth Frazer
Keyword(s):  
Political Theory ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
The Political ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Human Flourishing

The concept ‘community’ is underspecified in the political theory literature – it must have a more specific reference than just some collectivity or some network of social relations. But attempts to specify what is specific about the relation of community are unsatisfactory. And references to ‘actual physical’ communities overlook the symbolic and imagined aspects of community, which furthermore destabilise putative communities as much as they stabilise them. Analysis of social relations and networks, and theories of what patterns of relations are conducive to human flourishing should deploy more precise sociological categories.

scholarly journals The Notion of δῆμος and its Role in Byzantium during the Last Centuries (13th-15th c.)

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Anastasia KONTOGIANNOPOULOU
Keyword(s):  
Urban Population ◽  
Political Life ◽  
The Political ◽  
Social Categories ◽  
Social Stratum ◽  
Lives Of Saints ◽  
Social Composition ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
The Social ◽  
Byzantine Period

The notion of “demos/demes” (people/circus factions) has been a favorite subject in the modern research and various opinions have been formulated with regard to their organisation and the role they played in the political developments. In the modern bibliography referred to the period under examination (13th-15th c.) the term “demos” denotes generally the lower strata of the urban population. However, through the systematic study of that period’s sources thinner nuances can be detected in the meaning of the term “demos”, which apart from the lower social stratum, it also seems to include members of the the middle social class and to denote a larger group that contains the two social categories mentioned above. This study intends to examine the concept of “demos” and similar expressions, the social composition of this body and its role in the political life of the era. The research is based primarily on narrative sources of the late byzantine period (13th-15th c.). The fragmentary material extracted from these sources is complemented by information come from the monastery archives, the lives of saints, the correspondence and other literary sources of the era.

scholarly journals Reception of Antiquity through Flemish Tapestries of the 15th–16th Centuries (Based on the Collection of the State Hermitage Museum)

2020 ◽  
Vol 162 (6) ◽  
pp. 74-85
Author(s):  
M.A. Manokhina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fine Arts ◽  
Research Field ◽  
The State ◽  
The Political ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Political Reality ◽  
Art Form ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
The One ◽  
High Social Status

The problem of reception of the antiquity through tapestries in the Russian historiography was considered. Using as an example the Flemish tapestries of the 15th–16th centuries from the Collection of the State Hermitage Museum, the transformation and popularity of ancient motifs in this art form were demonstrated, as well as their special role in the propaganda of power, high social status, and wealth. The following main elements of tapestries were analyzed: subjects, characters, costumes, and Latin banderoles. The methodology of tapestry analysis is similar to the one used by structuralists: an additional link (customer) is introduced in the author – text – reader research field. The subjects of the tapestries were compared with the plots of the corresponding ancient literary sources. As a result, it was concluded about different perception of the antiquity in the literature and fine arts. Tapestries reflect the attitude of customers to the political reality of that time. The Northern Renaissance and how it was influenced by the ideas of humanists embodied in the tapestries was discussed.

scholarly journals Non est mea pigra senectus: Old Women and Folk Medicine in Greco-roman Literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Meseguer González
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
The Political ◽  
Social Attitude ◽  
Negative Stereotype ◽  
Greco Roman ◽  
Roman Literature ◽  
Social Reputation ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
The Social

This paper will examine the old-woman healer figure through Greco-Roman literary sources. First, I will discuss briefly the social reputation of old women in comparison with senex and the creation of a negative stereotype around them. After that, I will focus on the triple relation between woman, old age, and medicine in order to show the reputation of old women as skilled healers. Finally, I will analyse the use of different treatments close to magic, like enchantments and purifications, and the healings of some specific illnesses, such as love, to conclude with a brief overview of the political and social attitude towards them.

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