The Theological Potentials of Local Ecumenical Efforts in Ordinary and Everyday Life: An Ethnographic Study of South Indian Context

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-156
Author(s):  
Muthuraj Swamy

The concept and practice of ecumenism has played a crucial role in the theological construction of ecclesiology for the last few decades. In spite of the various steps taken for promoting local ecumenism in different parts of the world, the continuing challenge for ecclesiology (and also for theology in general) is to place grassroots efforts for ecumenism in the centre of theological discussions. While local ecumenism is defined and practiced in a number of ways, this essay discusses the ordinary and everyday efforts for church unity among Christians in South India, and the theological potentials of such efforts. A study of local ecumenism can contribute to the discussions in ecclesiology and ethnography, and such discussions in turn can help further to encourage local ecumenism by bringing to the centre the everyday experiences of Christians that have not often been focused or highlighted in mainline academic ecclesiology or theology.

ILUMINURAS ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (57) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vitória Mendes Alves ◽  
Israel Martins Araujo

Este ensaio visual trata do mundo da vida cotidiana de camponeses agroextrativistas no Pará, especificamente no baixo Tocantins, região das ilhas do município de Mocajuba. Segue o método da etnografia sensorial, discute a relação entre corpo, ambiente e formas de aprendizagem técnica com a virtuosidade dos indicadores socioambientais e argumenta que tais técnicas não são transmitidas, mas ensinadas e aprendidas por meio de um complexo engajamento sensorial com o ambiente.Palavras-chave: Camponeses agroextrativistas. Cotidiano. Trabalho. Etnografia Sensorial. Corpo. Ambiente.  Glueing fragments of the world of life: cuttings from the daily life of peasants from downtown Tocantins paraense Abstract: This visual essay deals with the respect of the everyday life world of agro-extractivist peasants in Pará, specifically in the lower Tocantins, region of the islands of the municipality of Mocajuba. It follows the method of sensory ethnography, discusses the relationship between body, environment and forms of technical learning with the virtuosity of socio-environmental indicators and argues that such techniques are not transmitted, but taught and learned through a complex sensory engagement with the environmentKeywords: Agroextractive peasants. Daily. Work. Sensory Ethnography. Body. Environment.


2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-92
Author(s):  
José Edilson Amorim

ResumoA partir de uma crônica de Bráulio Tavares, este artigo reflete sobre cenas da precariedade de ontem e de hoje. A primeira cena está em Lima Barreto, em Recordações do escrivão Isaías Caminha, ao referir a Revolta da Vacina no Rio de Janeiro do século XX, comparada às manifestações de 2013 e 2014 no país; a segunda é a espetacularização da mídia sobre as manifestações de rua em 2013 e 2014, e sobre o processo de impedimento do mandato presidencial de Dilma Rousseff em 2015; a terceira é uma cena da vida cotidiana de uma moça de Brasília em outubro de 2014. As três situações revelam o mundo da classe trabalhadora e seu desamparo em meio ao espetáculo midiático.Palavras-chave: Trabalho. Mídia. Política. Espetáculo. AbstractFrom a chronicle by Bráulio Tavares, this paper reflects about scenes of the precariousness of yesterday and today. The first scene is in Lima Barreto’s novel Recordações do escrivão Isaías Caminha (Memories of the scrivener Isaías Caminha), when referring to the Vaccine Revolt in the Rio de Janeiro of the 20th century, compared to the manifestations of 2013 and 2014 in Brazil; the second is about the media spectacularization of the street manifestations between 2013 e 2014 in Brazil, and also on Dilma Rousseff's impeachment process in 2015; the third one is from the everyday life of a girl from Brasília in October of 2014. All those three situations reveal the world of the working class and its helplessness in the face of the media spectacularization.Keywords: Work. Media. Politics. Spectacle.


2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-41
Author(s):  
Oszkár Gorcsa

The World War can be justifiably called the great seminal catastrophe of the 20th century, because the war that should have ended every further war, just disseminated the seeds of another cataclysm. From this point of view it is comprehensible why lots of historians deal with the named period. Numerous monographies and articles that deal with the destructing and stimulating eff ect of the Great War have seen the light of day. However, the mentioned works usually have serious defi cenceis, as most of them deal only with the battlefi elds, and a small proportion deals with the question of everyday life and hinterland, and the ordeals of the POWs are superfi cially described. In case of Hungary, the more serious researches related to POWs only started at the time of the centenary. This is why we can still read in some Serbian literatures about the people annihilating endeavors of the „huns” of Austria–Hungary. My choice of subject was therefore justified by the reasons outlined above. In my presentation I expound on briefly introducing the situations in the austro–hungarian POW camps. Furthermore, the presentation depicts in detail the everyday life, the medical and general treatment, clothing supply, the question of the minimal wages and working time of the prisoner labour forces. Lastly, I am depicting the problem of escapes and issues dealing POWs marriage and citizenship requests.


2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-192
Author(s):  
P. K. Viswanathan ◽  
K. Kavya ◽  
Chandra Sekhar Bahinipati

Globally, climate change impacts are manifold, severely affecting the agriculture sector. Climate-resilient agriculture (CRA) is viewed as a panacea for overcoming the adverse effects of climate change on agriculture. This article critically reviews the literature on CRA to delineate the emerging patterns of climate-resilient agriculture. It explores multiple dimensions of CRA as related to practices, technologies, policies, innovations and interventions across different parts of the world. In the end, a schematic approach towards undertaking empirical research on CRA in the Indian context is presented. The review finds that, globally, CRA practices mainly include systematic strategies for management of critical inputs, namely, land and water, cropping systems and livelihood management. It emerges that innovations and institutions have a crucial role in accelerating the rate of adoption of CRA practices. The article highlights the need for undertaking more empirical research to get a deeper understanding of the emerging patterns of CRA in the Indian context.


2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
pp. 10363
Author(s):  
Vesna Lovec ◽  
Miroslav Premrov ◽  
Vesna Žegarac Leskovar

The COVID-19 era is bringing changes to different parts of everyday life, redefining what people used to consider normal. As the world deals with this highly contagious disease, the issue of the built environment, buildings, their architecture and possible relations among their characteristics and the spread of the virus remains unclear. Preschool and school education is an essential part of society. However, with the spread of COVID-19, kindergartens and schools keep on partly or fully closing and reopening, trying to provide a safe and healthy environment for children. Instructions and recommendations from different experts and organisations worldwide were announced in terms of how to adjust the functioning of kindergartens in conditions of the uncontrolled spread of COVID-19. The measures include organisational and hygiene measures. Organisational measures are closely related to the architectural design of a building. At this point, the main question of this research was raised: is there any relation between the architectural characteristics of kindergartens and the spread of the new coronavirus in them? The research examined the architectural characteristics of kindergartens in Slovenia with reported COVID-19 cases among staff or children.


Author(s):  
Stephen J. Davis

Monasticism is a social and religious phenomenon that originated in antiquity, which remains relevant in the 21st century. Monasticism: A Very Short Introduction discusses the history of monasticism from the earliest evidence for it, and the different types that have developed. It considers where monasteries are located around the world, and how their settings impact the everyday life and worldview of the monks and nuns who dwell in them. Exploring how monastic communities are organized, this VSI also looks at how all aspects of life are regimented. Finally, it discusses what the stories about saints communicate about monastic identity and ethics, and considers what place there is for monasticism in the modern world.


Religions ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 363
Author(s):  
Dean Koon Lee Wang

Myths provide hagiographic and iconographic accounts of the gods, which shape rituals that are performed in cults associated with these gods. In the realization of iconographies and ritualization of narratives in myths, material objects play an active role. This article examines the pattern of worship in the cult of the Ah Pehs, a group of Underworld gods whose efficacy lies in the promise of occult wealth, and focuses on the material aspects such as offerings and paraphernalia associated with these gods. Though ritual texts and scriptures are absent in the Ah Peh cult, symbols in the form of material objects play a crucial role. These objects are also considered as synecdoche for the gods in certain cases. The first part of this paper presents a case study of the autonomous ritual of “Burning Prosperity Money”, which reveals the cycle of occult exchange between gods and devotees. The second part involves an imagery analysis of the material objects central to the cult, and argues that in the system of reciprocity with the gods, material objects common to the everyday life are reinterpreted and enchanted with a capitalist turn, resulting in the development of occult economies within the local Chinese religious sphere.


Author(s):  
Åsa Trulsson

Contemporary spiritualties are often portrayed as a turn to a subjective and individualized form of religion, consisting of individually held truth claims or private peak experiences that are generated sporadically at retreats and workshops. The portrayal is ultimately related to a perception of everyday life in contemporary Euro-America as mundane, rationalized, and secular, but also the exclusion of practices centered on the body, the home and the everyday from what is deemed properly religious. This article explores the sacred technologies of the everyday among women in England who identify as Goddess worshippers. The purpose is to further the understanding of religion and the everyday, as well as the conceptualization of contemporary Goddess-worship as lived religion. Through examining narratives on the intersection between religion and everyday activities, the technologies of imbuing everyday life with a sacred dimension become visible. The sacred technologies imply skills that enable both imagining and relating to the sacred. The women consciously and diligently work to cultivate skills that would allow them to sense and make sense of the sacred, in other words, to foster a sense of withness through the means of a host of practices. I argue that the women actively endeavor to establish an everyday world that is experienced as inherently different from the secular and religious fields in their surroundings; hence it is not from disenchantment or an endeavor with no social consequences. The women’s everyday is indeed infused with different strategies where the body, different practices, and material objects are central in cultivating a specific religious disposition that ultimately will change the way the women engage with and orient themselves in the world.


2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Leoni Maria Padilha Henning

Estudo bibliográfico que visa compreender a experiência existencial no pensamento freiriano, atentando para três questões principais: 1. Em que consiste a experiência existencial em Freire? 2. Por que ela é fundamental ao trabalho que pretende ser realmente educativo? 3. Por que a experiência existencial, como princípio educativo, e educação bancária não se correspondem? Esses questionamentos conduziram ao aprofundamento do conceito, em torno do qual gravitam outras noções básicas da Pedagogia da Humanização. Pautada na educabilidade dos homens e das mulheres e no seu inacabamento, a teoria freiriana é esperançosa, amorosa em relação ao mundo. Trata-se de uma contínua busca da conscientização e libertação humana em relação ao império de ações afogadoras de suas experiências reais, desrespeitando homens e mulheres como intérpretes insofismáveis de sua própria existência. O modo existencial de viver é próprio aos humanos, configurando-se na busca de ser com os outros, possibilitando a comunicação, a convivência e a experiência compartilhada realizada na mediação das ações em torno do mundo. Na imediata leitura de mundo é que reside a experiência existencial primária e fundamental dos humanos, em que se experimenta o existir inédito e se apreende subjetivamente a realidade. Para o autor, é impossível a educação que desconsidere a cotidianidade transcorrida nessa esfera existencial. Por fim, a situação, que se constitui num dos aspectos indispensáveis relacionados à experiência existencial, não se constituem aspecto caro aos agentes educativos bancários que apresentam sua proposta em pauta pronta, padronizada, montada sobre premissas fixas cujos questionamentos são tidos por improdutivos.Palavras-chave: Experiência. Existência. Freire.Existential experience in freirian thoughtABSTRACTA bibliographical study in order to understand the existential experience in Freirean thinking, considering three main questions: 1. What is the existential experience in Freire? 2. Why is it fundamental to work that is meant to be truly educational? 3. Why do existential experience, as an educational principle, and banking education, do not correspond? These questions led to the deepening of the concept, around which basic notions of the Pedagogy of Humanization gravitate. Based on the educability of men and women and their incompleteness, the Freirian theory is hopeful, loving towards the world. It is a continuous search for human awareness and liberation in relation to the empire of drowning actions of their real experiences, disrespecting men and women as unmistakable interpreters of their own existence. The existential way of living is proper to humans, configuring itself in the search of being with others, enabling the communication, the coexistence and the shared experience realized in the mediation of the actions around the world. In the immediate reading of the world lies the primary and existential experience as humans, in which one experiences the unprecedented existence and subjectively grasps reality. For the author, it is impossible education that disregards the everyday life passed in this existential sphere. Finally, the situation, which constitutes one of the indispensable aspects related to existential experience, does not constitute an important aspect for the banking educational agents who present their proposal according to a ready agenda, standardized, based on fixed premises whose questions are considered as unproductive.Keywords: Experience. Existence. Freire. Experiencia existencial en el pensamiento freirianoRESUMENEstudio bibliográfico que pretende comprender la experiencia existencial en el pensamiento freiriano, respondiendo a tres cuestiones principales: 1. ¿En qué consiste la experiencia existencial en Freire? 2. ¿Por qué es fundamental para el trabajo que pretende ser realmente educativo? 3. ¿Por qué la experiencia existencial, como principio educativo, y educación bancaria no se corresponden? Estos cuestionamientos condujeron a la profundización del concepto, en torno al cual gravitan otras nociones básicas de la Pedagogía de la Humanización. En la educación de los hombres y de las mujeres y en su inacabado, la teoria freiriana es esperanzada, amorosa en relación al mundo. Se trata de una continua búsqueda de la concientización y liberación humana em relación al imperio de acciones ahogadas de sus experiencias reales, desatendiendo a hombres y mujeres como intérpretes insofi ables de su propia existencia. El modo existencial de vivir es propio a los humanos, configurándose en la búsqueda de ser con los demás, posibilitando la comunicación, la convivencia y la experiencia compartida realizada en la mediación de las acciones en todo el mundo. En la inmediata lectura de mundo es que reside la experiencia existencial primaria y fundamental en cuanto humanos, en que se experimenta el existir inédito y se aprehende subjetivamente la realidad. Para el autor, es imposible la educación que desconsidere la cotidianidad transcurrida en esa esfera existencial. Por último, la situación, que se constituye en uno de los aspectos indispensables relacionados con la experiencia existencial, no se constituye en un aspecto caro a los agentes educativos bancários que presentan su propuesta en pauta acabada, estandarizada, montada sobre premisas fijas cuyos cuestionamientos son considerados por improductivos.Palabras clave: Experiencia. Existencia. Freire.


2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-102
Author(s):  
Endre Sík

Path dependency is created and maintained by three intertwined influences of network capital, i.e. the inertia of the networks, the culture defining the proper use of network capital, and the way such a network capital fits into the local and global institutional setting. Following a brief introduction of the terms network capital and path dependency, I develop an extremely simplifying dual typology, to differentiate between network-sensitive and network-insensitive societies. These two extremes of a continuum characterize societies in which either the everyday life is under the total domination of network capital or where networks are auxiliary resources to be used in rare and special situations. I will show how both communism and post-communism have been a fertile institutional setting for the emergence of network-sensitivity and how does network capital under such conditions become so powerful that it shapes other institutions to its needs. In the last section I shall argue that the mechanisms I described in a network-sensitive institutional setting are present in a network-insensitive one as well and that there are signs that globalization increases the level of network-sensitivity all over the world.


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