scholarly journals Urban Morphological Transformation of Riverfront Communities in the Nakhon Chaisri Basin, Thailand

MANUSYA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-105
Author(s):  
Pornchai Jittiwasurat ◽  
Tapanee Rattanathavorn
Keyword(s):  
Urban Communities ◽  
Rice Field ◽  
Spatial Configuration ◽  
Transportation Network ◽  
Urban Morphology ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Configuration Model ◽  
Morphological Transformation ◽  
Geographical Maps ◽  
Survey Interviews

The main objectives of this study were to analyze the urban morphological transformation of riverfront communities in agricultural areas in the Nakhon Chaisri river basin based on a spatial configuration model following the Theory of Urban Morphology and to compare their transformations from the past to present. The theory of urban morphology was used to create a pattern of transportation networks and open spaces on geographical maps; moreover, a field survey, interviews and a review of related literature were included. According to the analysis, the basin has undergone three noticeable phases of development as follows: 1) plantation-rice field-orchard areas encompassing the riverfront communities (1858–1957), 2) urban communities taking over plantation-rice field-orchard areas (1958–1992) and 3) urban sprawl (1993–present). Construction of roads and more buildings is the main reason for a change in the ecology and the spatial configuration of this area. Furthermore, three riverfront community markets – Bang Len in Bang Len District, Tha Na in Nakhon Chaisri District and Sam Phran market in Sam Phran District – have been transformed into urban communities. Tha Na market is the most urbanized due to its easy access to the land transportation network, followed by Sam Pran market and Bang Len market, respectively.

Perception Based Method for Measuring the Aesthetic Quality of the Urban Environment

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-19
Author(s):  
Hourakhsh Ahmad Nia ◽  
Resmiye Alpar Atun ◽  
Rokhsaneh Rahbarianyazd
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Spatial Configuration ◽  
Human Perception ◽  
Urban Morphology ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Aesthetic Perception ◽  
Aesthetic Quality ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Aesthetic Values

This study assesses changing aesthetic values and their characteristics in urban environments based on human perception. With this in mind, a model for assessing the aesthetic values of the urban environment based on the three steps of human cognition has been developed to elaborate the user's perception in different urban environments. The results of the survey confirm that by changing urban morphology the aesthetic perception of the environment also changes. The finding of this research opens up a new window for urban planners to assess the aesthetic effects of the elements of urban spatial configuration for future urban development.

scholarly journals Extending the concept of the morphological frame: a case study of Tangshan old military airport

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Song ◽  
Rongxi Peng ◽  
Zijiao Zhang ◽  
Yixi Li
Keyword(s):  
Urban Form ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Urban Morphology ◽  
Morphological Transformation ◽  
Ground Plan ◽  
Plan Analysis ◽  
Peking University ◽  
Social Use ◽  
The Impact

Extending the concept of the morphological frame: a case study of Tangshan old military airport Rongxi Peng, Zijiao Zhang, Yixi Li, Feng Song* College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University. 100871 Beijing E-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]*(corresponding author)Telephone Number: +86 132-6990-0350, +86 139-1013-6101* Keywords: China, morphological frame, three-dimensional view, airport Conference topics and scale: Urban form and social use of space/ City transformations/ Stages in territorial configuration   The concept of the morphological frame is important in urban morphology, but it has been discussed much less than other critical concepts, such as the fringe belt and the fixation line.  Passing its features on as inherited outlines, the morphological frame contains not only the linear fixation line, but also ground plan and three-dimensional aspects.  In this research, the linear, ground plan, and three-dimensional morphological frame of Tangshan old military airport during the expansion of the city after the removal of the airport is identified.  The former boundary roads of the airport exert obvious influences on the division of plots.  The former arterial roads also function as a linear morphological frame.  In relation to the ground plan, property rights and plots containing important buildings have an impact on the consequent town plan.  The distinct feature of the morphological frame of the airport is its three-dimensional constraint, i.e. the vertical clearance requirement, which restricted the height of surrounding buildings.  The impact of this institutional limit can last a very long time owing to the high cost of demolishing the old surrounding buildings or adding extra storeys even if the limit ceased to exist with the removal of the airport.  Based on this case study, this paper refines and extends the connotation of the concept of the morphological frame and further discusses the relationship between function and form.   References Conzen, M. P. (2009) ‘How cities internalize their former urban fringes: a cross-cultural comparison’, Urban Morphology 13(1), 29. Conzen, M. R. G. (1969) Alnwick, Northumberland: a study in town-plan analysis (Institute of British Geographers, London). Lin, Y., De Meulder, B. and Wang, S. (2011) ‘From village to metropolis: a case of morphological transformation in Guangzhou, China’, Urban Morphology 15(1), 5-20. Whitehand, J. W. R. (2001) ‘British urban morphology: the Conzenion tradition’, Urban Morphology 5(2), 103-109. Whitehand, J. W. R., Conzen, M. P. and Gu, K. (2016) ‘Plan analysis of historical cities: a Sino-European comparison’, Urban Morphology 20(2), 139-158.

scholarly journals Multidimensional Urban Exposure Analysis of Industrial Chemical Risk Scenarios in Mexican Metropolitan Areas

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 5674
Author(s):  
Claudia Yazmin Ortega Montoya ◽  
Andrés Osvaldo López-Pérez ◽  
Marisol Ugalde Monzalvo ◽  
Ma. Loecelia Guadalupe Ruvalcaba Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Metropolitan Areas ◽  
Spatial Configuration ◽  
Dispersion Model ◽  
Environmental Hazards ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Spatial Effects ◽  
Chemical Risk ◽  
Risk Scenarios

Risk scenarios are caused by the convergence of a hazard with a potentially affected system in a specific place and time. One urban planning goal is to prevent environmental hazards, such as those generated by chemical accidents, from reaching human settlements, as they can cause public health issues. However, in many developing countries, due to their strategic positioning in global value chains, the quick and easy access to labor pools, and competitive production costs, urban sprawls have engulfed industrial areas, exposing residential conurbations to environmental hazards. This case study analyzes the spatial configuration of accidental chemical risk scenarios in three major Mexican metropolitan areas: Mexico City, Guadalajara, and Monterrey. Spatial analyses use an areal locations of hazardous atmosphere (ALOHA) dispersion model to represent the spatial effects of high-risk industrial activities in conurbations and the potentially affected populations vulnerable to chemical hazards. Complementary geostatistical correlation analyses use population data, marginalization indexes, and industrial clustering sectors to identify trends that can lead to comprehensive environmental justice approaches. In addition, the marginalization degree of inhabitants evaluates social inequalities concerning chemical risk scenarios.

scholarly journals The Consequences of Carsharing Systems on Vehicles Ownership In Urban Cities

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Mohammad Alhejji
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Urban Communities ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Vehicle Ownership ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Fuel Costs ◽  
The U.S

In 2001, there were more than approximately 92% of United States households had at least one vehicle and 60% owned two or more vehicles (Shaheen et al., 2005). This usage of the automobile is a major impact of air pollution and noise in the urban cities of the U.S. (Katzev 2003). Urban communities face serious environmental, healthy, and transportation problems as the extreme growth of transit movement around streets. It contributes about 45% of the nitrogen oxides and 70% of the carbon monoxide in U.S urban cities (Katzev, 2003). In Portland, as another example, 35% of the total energy consumption in 2010 was generated by road transit and about 30% of CO 2 emissions (Baptista et al., 2014). With the increasing of fuel costs and vehicle ownership, people are looking for alternatives to ownership of vehicle cars (Shaheen et al., 2006) that have positive impacts or no negative impacts at least. The main goal of car sharing systems is to provide an easy access for individuals to own a privet car without any responsibilities and costs of ownership. Consequently, it reduces the volume of traffics in urban cities, then reduce air pollution.  

scholarly journals Effects of Growth on Urban Morphology and Land Use Pattern in Mymensingh: A Historic Town of Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 53-68
Author(s):  
Naimul Aziz ◽  
Farida Nilufar
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Growth ◽  
Urban Morphology ◽  
Morphological Transformation ◽  
Land Use Pattern ◽  
Syntax Analysis ◽  
Use Pattern ◽  
Space Syntax Analysis ◽  
The Town ◽  
Town Area

This study explores the effects of urban growth and morphological transformation on land use pattern of a historic town of Bangladesh, Mymensingh by analyzing the changes of land use pattern and urban morphology through Space Syntax analysis. Mymensingh, one of the oldest and historic towns of Bangladesh, lies along the river Brahmaputra. The town was developed as an urban area during the period of British colonists more than two hundred years ago. The juxtaposition of the land uses by the British colonists along with the local inhabitants created a different and unique types of land use pattern within the town area where local establishments were in-filled within the colonial establishments. Through ages, due to the natural process of urban growth the town expands and the small colonial town turns into a larger one but the study result shows that still the strong effects of historic developments both local and colonial and the presence of the river acts as a strong guiding force for the growth and transformation of the town.

scholarly journals Development of Agro-Cultural Tourism Route Based on Spatial Configuration Analysis: The Case of a Rubber Planting Village, Songkhla Province, Thailand

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 47-62
Author(s):  
Tapanee Rattanathavon ◽  
Pornchai Jittiwasurat
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Spatial Configuration ◽  
Space Syntax ◽  
Cultural Tourism ◽  
Urban Morphology ◽  
Cultural Characteristics ◽  
Tourist Attractions ◽  
Low Visibility

This article proposes guidelines to develop agro-cultural tourism routes based on spatial configuration analysis. A village growing rubber trees in Songkhla Province, Thailand, was taken as the case study. The data analysis involved the theory of urban morphology and the space syntax.  Given the characteristics of the area and the planters’ socio-cultural characteristics, the results revealed that potential tourist attractions should be charted only on a movement network with high visibility and accessibility whereas those on a movement network with low visibility and accessibility should be left intact. However, some rules and regulations should be imposed to preserve the livelihood of the villagers and the ecosystem of the area.

scholarly journals Morphological Analysis of Frontier Villages in Cyprus

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nevter Zafer Comert ◽  
Erincik Edgu ◽  
Nezire Ozgece
Keyword(s):  
Urban Form ◽  
Spatial Configuration ◽  
Urban Morphology ◽  
Urban Landscapes ◽  
Green Line ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Border Line ◽  
Cambridge University ◽  
Social Gathering ◽  
The Village

Borders may be built for security reasons however; they also demarcate administrative, economic, socio-cultural, ethnic or religious divergence. Borders change the destinies of the societies at both sides because they affect the process of urban development and delimit the economic and socio-cultural interactions.   Cyprus has been experiencing an interrupted continuity along the border, i.e. green line, under the rule of UN that divides north from the south. In this regard the aim of the study is to figure out how the de facto borders affect the configuration of villages upon their existing position. As a part of an ongoing research which investigates all eleven frontier villages and towns located along the border line, this paper only focuses on the morphological and syntactic comparison of four frontier villages. Within this context, initial exploration is about the village morphologies by means of Morphological Regions based on the evolutionary insights of Conzen (2004) and Whitehand (2009). Additionally, considering shifted centrality and transformed social gathering spaces, research discusses the applicability of the comparative analyses of syntactic and morphological methods in order to reveal the characteristics of the frontier villages.   The preliminary findings of the research indicates that edge villages located along the green line have a controlled spatial development with dead ends and loop layouts, where the spatial configuration presents an introverted structure. On the other hand, villages divided by the green line, presents a relatively integrated spatial structure developed on both sides of the border, maintaining traditional centrality along with emphasizing forced territoriality. References: Conzen MRG, 2004, Morphogenesis and Structure of the Historic townscape in Britain: ed. M.P Conzen in Thinking About Urban Form: Papers on Urban Morpholgoy 1932-1998, Peter Lang, London Hillier, B. (1996) Space is the machine (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge).   Whitehand, J.W.R. (2009) ‘The structure of urban landscapes: strengthening research and practice’, Urban Morphology 13, 5‐27, University of Birmingham            

scholarly journals Uncovering the Morphology of Kōm ad-Dikka in Alexandria

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirhan Damir
Keyword(s):  
Urban Form ◽  
Urban Morphology ◽  
Residential Area ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Urban Structure ◽  
Morphological Transformation ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
History Of ◽  
Physical Impact ◽  
The City

The historical residential area of Kōm ad–Dikka in Alexandria has experienced subsequent morphological transformation since the ancient era until present. Each historical period had a physical impact on the city’s urban structure that in turn struggled to survive its successive one with its different urban conception. However, the sinuous streets of this area, which probably date back to the late Egyptian Medieval period, are characterized as the only surviving organic fabric intra–muros that was not altered during the Egyptian Modern period. This paper elaborately investigated the chronological history of the historical residential area since the ancient era until the mid—twentieth century. Based on in–depth investigation of historical maps and memoirs, it revealed the possible reasons behind its extant sinuous urban form and postulated reconstructions of its urban morphology through sequential phases.

How to evaluate densification? Case study of Lourdes neighborhood, Santiago, Chile

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Rocio Urbina
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
Spatial Configuration ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Urban Morphology ◽  
Densification Process ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Determining Factors ◽  
Urban Analysis

Purpose This study aims to question the fact that density has been considered only as an instrument of calculation to be used on regulation mechanisms, without taking into consideration other variables related to density. The paper proposes a framework consisting of four determining factors for urban analysis that have to be considered before starting a densification process: connectivity and permeability of network, mixture of uses, relation to urban morphology and public spaces for each district. The methodological analysis was carried out for the case of the district of Gruta de Lourdes, Quinta Normal, located in northwest Santiago, which has started a densification process the recent years. Design/methodology/approach The present discussion aims to obtain objective parameters to determine if urban development allows livability and a balanced relationship with actual urban form and diversity. There appear to be four determining factors of urban analysis: connectivity and network permeability, the mixture of uses, public spaces and urban form development. The district of Gruta de Lourdes will be used to delve into these parameters to place the debate around density in objective terms. To look in depth at each of the criteria for evaluating densification processes, various methods were selected for quantifying the observed variables: to evaluate connectivity and integration of a neighborhood with the rest of the city, the spatial configuration analysis “Space Syntax” will be used; to evaluate mix of uses, mixed-use index, or ratio of non-residential use will be used; urban morphology, plot size, housing density (dw/ha), lot coverage and floor area ratio will be used; public spaces, the percentage dedicated to each of these in m2/inhab. Findings The results allow us to conclude that it is necessary to plan densification processes via an analysis that promotes connectivity, mixture of uses, urban morphology and the available public spaces to understand density as a multivariable phenomenon. In addition, we conclude that the case study district, Gruta de Lourdes, can withstand greater demand for housing as long as the context is taken into account. A possible option to asset the densification potential could be the “infill” strategy, which aims to be a type of intervention that does not change the structure of the neighborhood as new buildings are positioned among existing ones, maintaining the form of the streets and the structure of plot divisions. Originality/value The value of the paper is to contribute to the discussion on how to renovate central areas in Latin American cities looking at variables such as connectivity, mixture of uses, urban morphology and public spaces, which are directly related to density. Moreover, the paper contributes to discuss new ways to analyze and measure densification, toward planning a district’s renovation. In addition, the quantitative methodological approach to the densification processes gives a new understanding of how to determine density. Finally, the paper reveals an opportunity to rethink the inner city toward new approaches to renovation developments.

Integrated Approaches for Generating Principle and Structural Innovation Concepts of Mechanical Products

2010 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 531-536
Author(s):  
Ze Guang Han ◽  
Rui Qin Hao ◽  
Xi Jian Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Design ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Spatial Configuration ◽  
State Equation ◽  
Difficult Problem ◽  
Structure Design ◽  
Configuration Model ◽  
Concept Design ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Mechanical Products

A large number of decisions are made during the stage of concept design which is characterized by a lack of complete information.While existing computer aided design(CAD) systems for supporting the structure design have little impact at the conceptual design stage.To support the top-down design process,reduce the time of mechanical product design and ensure their innovation, a novel approach of the principle and structural conceptual design for mechanical products was presented in this paper.Firstly,the state equation,which is used to solve the principle concept,was established,and the gene-sign expression and corresponding algebra of the principle concept was also provided. Secondly, the structural state equation composing a machine was established,the spatial configuration model of function and assembly symbol was also proposed using in structural conceptual design.Finally,Based on the approach,corresponding software prototype was developed,a lot of concepts was generated successfully using this software prototype.The difficult problem merging the conceptual design and the detailed design is solved,thus it is a practical top-down design.

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