Restoring order to the ordo salutis: Conversion normativity in light of recent critique

2019 ◽  
Vol 90 (4) ◽  
pp. 291-302
Author(s):  
Bradley J. Helgerson
Keyword(s):  
Ordo Salutis ◽  
Constituent Elements

Given the disparate details of Luke’s report on early conversion practices, some scholars have sought to deliver their readers from the difficulty of determining normativity. However, the complication which excites such re-exegesis, at least in terms of the ordo salutis, is often overstated. Indeed, once the intrinsic dependency of conversion-initiation’s constituent elements is considered, a general (and essential) order emerges. Even the seemingly mutable moment of regeneration is fixed given a concrete set of conditions. Thus, the only controversy remaining concerns the particulars, specifically which conditions initiate regeneration.

The innovative space as the most important element of theregional socio-economic space

2019 ◽  
pp. 60-70
Author(s):  
Larysa Gromozdova ◽  
Inna Stenicheva
Keyword(s):  
Basic Element ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Space Region ◽  
Regional Innovation ◽  
Economic Space ◽  
Mechanisms Of Formation ◽  
Innovation Space ◽  
Space Mechanisms ◽  
Constituent Elements

Purpose of the article: to determine the essence of different elements ofsocio-economic space of the region. Construction of the structure and isolationof individual elements of socio-economic space as a multi-vector formation.This article highlights the essence and different approaches to defining theconcepts, structure and mechanisms of formation of economic and social spacesof the region, innovation space as a basic element of socio-economic space.Research Methods: The methodological basis of the research is the fundamentalprinciples of economic theory, regional economy, scientific views and approachesof foreign and domestic scientists. To achieve the purpose of the study, themethods used at the empirical and theoretical levels were used: axiomatic,abstract, system-structural analysis, analogies and comparisons, graphoanalytic,by which the characterization of the nature of the concepts of space, socioeconomic space, as well as innovation space region. Their general properties,structure and functions are described.The criteria of optimality and balancesof interests in the formation of different types of space in the region areconsidered. The classification of the regional space is proposed, and the networkconnections of the innovation space according to components and elements arerevealed, which allows to study deeply the social, economic and other problemsof development of the region.Scientific novelty: the classification of regionalspace by separate constituent elements is proposed. The concept of “innovationspace” was introduced into scientific circulation, the scheme of networkconnections of the innovation space with other elements of the regional socioeconomic space was developed. Conclusions and Prospects for Further Research:In today’s context, it is possible to significantly improve the economic stateof development of Ukrainian regions by using a scientifically sound andcomprehensive approach to defining and studying the concepts of socioeconomic and innovative space.In the further study it is necessary to considerin detail the mechanism of organizational activity of innovation space in theregion. It is very important to pay attention to information support for theformation of the innovation space, the creation of a regional legal field ofinnovation space, mechanisms for coordinating regional innovation activitieswithin the innovation space, as well as the influence of internal and externalfactors on the formation and development of the innovation space.

Stability Investigation in the Optical Properties of Thermally Evaporated Ge5Se95-x Znx Thin Films

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 1923-1930
Author(s):  
Austine Amukayia Mulama ◽  
Julius Mwakondo Mwabora ◽  
Andrew Odhiambo Oduor ◽  
Cosmas Mulwa Muiva ◽  
Boniface Muthoka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Band Gap ◽  
Optical Band Gap ◽  
Thermal Evaporation ◽  
Optical Transition ◽  
Bulk Material ◽  
Band Gap Energy ◽  
Optical Absorbance ◽  
Gap Energy ◽  
Constituent Elements

 Selenium-based chalcogenides are useful in telecommunication devices like infrared optics and threshold switching devices. The investigated system of Ge5Se95-xZnx (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 4 at.%) has been prepared from high purity constituent elements. Thin films from the bulk material were deposited by vacuum thermal evaporation. Optical absorbance measurements have been performed on the as-deposited thin films using transmission spectra. The allowed optical transition was found to be indirect and the corresponding band gap energy determined. The variation of optical band gap energy with the average coordination number has also been investigated based on the chemical bonding between the constituents and the rigidity behaviour of the system’s network.

CARACTERIZAÇÃO GEOAMBIENTAL DO MUNICÍPIO DE MILAGRES/CE

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 925-935
Author(s):  
Thais Dos Anjos Soares ◽  
Sinara Gomes De Souza ◽  
Simone Cardoso Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Risk Analysis ◽  
Physical Geography ◽  
Work Place ◽  
Environmental Characteristics ◽  
Geomorphological Processes ◽  
Constituent Elements ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Area Of Study

Para compreensão da dinâmica do espaço natural, a Geografia Física possuiu inúmeras interdisciplinaridades que a acompanham, e a caracterização geoambiental é uma delas, no propósito de reconhecimento dos elementos constituintes da paisagem. O presente trabalho foca na caracterização geoambiental do município de Milagres, município do sul cearense, e teve como metodologia, pesquisa bibliográfica e cartográfica acerca dos elementos geoambientais da área de estudo, assim como a elaboração de material cartográfico utilizando os programas ArcGis e Qgis. Partindo desse material foi realizado uma breve descrição deste município, focando fundamentalmente nas características ambientais. É essencial o estudo da área em que irá realizar pesquisas, buscando o aprofundamento dos saberes de seus aspectos geoambientais para se obter uma prévia do conhecimento do local que irá ser trabalhado.Palavras-chave: Caracterização Geoambiental; Cariri cearense; Milagres/CE. ABSTRACTFor the dynamics of the natural space, a physical geography had numerous interdisciplinarities that accompany it, and a geoenvironmental characterization is one of them, without the purpose of recognition of the constituent elements of the landscape. The process of analysis of the processes of risk analysis and analysis of the morphosculpture processes and their use in the soil and in the health and sciences / EC systems, which studies the thematic knowledge of geomorphological processes considering the knowledge about nature and values of culture and local landscape, however, the geoenvironmental characterization work of the municipality of Milagres / CE. The work had as a methodological objective, bibliographical research and the translation of the geoenvironmental elements of the study area. For this work, cartographic material was elaborated using the programs ArcGis and Qgis. Starting from this material was a detailed description of its area of study, as well as one of its environmental characteristics. What is essential for the selection of geoenvironmental data to obtain a preview of the knowledge about the work place that will be realized.Keywords: Geoenvironmental Characterization; Cariri cearense; Milagres/CE. RESUMENPara comprender la dinámica del espacio natural, la Geografía Física tiene numerosas interdisciplinarías que la acompañan, y la caracterización geoambiental es una de ellas, para reconocer los elementos constitutivos del paisaje. El presente trabajo se centra en la caracterización geoambiental del municipio de Milagres, municipio de sul cearense, y tuvo como metodología, investigación bibliográfica y cartográfica sobre los elementos geoambientales del área de estudio, así como la elaboración de material cartográfico utilizando los programas ArcGis y Qgis. A partir de este material se realizó una breve descripción de este municipio, centrándose principalmente en las características ambientales. Es esencial estudiar el área en la que realizar investigaciones, buscando profundizar el conocimiento de sus aspectos geoambientales para obtener un conocimiento previo del lugar donde se trabajará.Palabras clave: caracterización geoambiental; Cariri Ceará; Milagros / CE.

scholarly journals Role of Chemistry and Crystal Structure on the Electronic Defect States in Cs-Based Halide Perovskites

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 1032
Author(s):  
Anirban Naskar ◽  
Rabi Khanal ◽  
Samrat Choudhury
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Covalent Bond ◽  
Density Functional Theory Calculations ◽  
Antisite Defect ◽  
Defect States ◽  
Functional Theory ◽  
Electronic Defect ◽  
Constituent Elements

The electronic structure of a series perovskites ABX3 (A = Cs; B = Ca, Sr, and Ba; X = F, Cl, Br, and I) in the presence and absence of antisite defect XB were systematically investigated based on density-functional-theory calculations. Both cubic and orthorhombic perovskites were considered. It was observed that for certain perovskite compositions and crystal structure, presence of antisite point defect leads to the formation of electronic defect state(s) within the band gap. We showed that both the type of electronic defect states and their individual energy level location within the bandgap can be predicted based on easily available intrinsic properties of the constituent elements, such as the bond-dissociation energy of the B–X and X–X bond, the X–X covalent bond length, and the atomic size of halide (X) as well as structural characteristic such as B–X–B bond angle. Overall, this work provides a science-based generic principle to design the electronic states within the band structure in Cs-based perovskites in presence of point defects such as antisite defect.

Al-La-Ni-Fe Amorphous Alloys and Amorphous-Crystalline Composites Produced by Mechanical Alloying

2006 ◽  
Vol 510-511 ◽  
pp. 290-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pyuck Pa Choi ◽  
Ji Soon Kim ◽  
O.T.H. Nguyen ◽  
Dae Hwan Kwon ◽  
Young Soon Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Spherical Shape ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Size Mismatch ◽  
Atomic Size ◽  
Stage Crystallization ◽  
Dsc Analyses ◽  
Amorphous Powders ◽  
Compositional Changes ◽  
La Addition ◽  
Constituent Elements

Al-La-Ni-Fe alloys of three different compositions (Al82La10Ni4Fe4, Al85La9Ni3Fe3 and Al88La6Ni3Fe3) were prepared high-energy milling in a planetary ball-mill (AGO-2). Complete amorphization was observed for the Al82La10Ni4Fe4 alloy after milling for 350 h at a rotational speed of 300 rpm. In contrast, the Al85La9Ni3Fe3 and Al88La6Ni3Fe3 powders contained the FCC Al phase even for prolonged milling. The amorphization tendency was found to increase in the order of Al88La6Ni3Fe3 < Al85La9Ni3Fe3 < Al82La10Ni4Fe4, which may well be ascribed to the increasing atomic size mismatch of the constituent elements on La addition. DSC analyses of amorphous samples revealed two-stage crystallization processes for all three alloys, however, with strong variations in the thermal stability upon compositional changes. As observed by SEM, amorphous powders consisted of particles with nearly spherical shape and diameters ranging from 5 to 20 µm.

Standards-Based Quantification in DTSA-II—Part I

2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 30-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas W.M. Ritchie
Keyword(s):  
Measured Spectrum ◽  
Complex Material ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Software Vendor ◽  
First Approximation ◽  
Constituent Elements

Quantifying an X-ray spectrum is the process of converting a measured spectrum into an estimate of the composition of the material from which the spectrum was collected. In a certain sense, interpreting X-ray spectra is very simple. A spectrum from even the most complex material can be thought of as a sum of spectra from the constituent elements (see Figure 1). To first approximation, if you know the spectrum for the constituent pure elements, you can estimate the spectrum for the complex material. Regardless of the software vendor or the name of the algorithm, this is the basis for quantification of all X-ray spectra.

scholarly journals Defect structures of sodium and chloride co-substituted hydroxyapatite and its osseointegration capacity

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (9) ◽  
pp. 5493-5508
Author(s):  
Dong Su Yoo ◽  
Jung Sang Cho ◽  
Yong-Chae Chung ◽  
Sang-Hoon Rhee
Keyword(s):  
Binding Energies ◽  
Dissolution Behavior ◽  
Total System ◽  
Carbonate Apatite ◽  
In Vivo Test ◽  
Co Substitution ◽  
Constituent Elements ◽  
Low Crystalline ◽  
Charged Point

AbstractA defect structure and osseointegration capacity of sodium and chloride co-substituted hydroxyapatite (NaClAp) were newly studied. The NaClAp was prepared by reacting H3PO4 and Ca(OH)2 with NaNO3 and NH4Cl followed by sintering; pure hydroxyapatite (HAp) was synthesized as a control. After sintering, the co-substitution of Ca and OH with Na and Cl, respectively, produced charged point defects at Ca and PO4 sites. Also, OH molecules partially adopted a head-on structure. The calculated total system energy of NaClAp was higher, whereas the binding energies between each constituent elements and system were lower than those of HAp. These results suggest that NaClAp was less stable than HAp, due to the formation of various defects by co-substitution of Na and Cl. Indeed, NaClAp exhibited higher dissolution behavior in simulated body fluid (SBF) compared with HAp. Accordingly, this increased the capability to produce low crystalline hydroxyl carbonate apatite, likely due to the increasing degree of apatite supersaturation in SBF. Besides, the NaClAp granules showed noticeable improvements in osseointegration capacity four weeks after in vivo test compared with HAp. Collectively, these results imply that the defects made by multiple ion substitutions are useful to increase osseointegration capacity of hydroxyapatite.

scholarly journals On Glass Forming Ability of Bulk Metallic Glasses by Relating the Internal Friction Peak Value

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 767
Author(s):  
Xianfeng Zhang ◽  
Xiao Cui ◽  
Zhuotong Du ◽  
Fangqiu Zu ◽  
Jinjing Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Friction ◽  
Metallic Glasses ◽  
Bulk Metallic Glasses ◽  
Glass Forming Ability ◽  
Liquid Region ◽  
Internal Friction Peak ◽  
Glass Forming ◽  
Constituent Elements ◽  
Valid Criterion ◽  
Peak Value

The internal friction (IF) behaviors of a series of LaCe-, Zr-, and La-based bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) were studied by a computer-controlled, conventional inverted torsion pendulum. The results indicate that with an increasing temperature, the IF also increases gradually in the supercooled liquid region, followed by a decrease caused by crystallization. BMGs with a good glass forming ability (GFA) usually possess a high IF peak value for an alloy system with the same constituent elements. Furthermore, the magnitude of the IF value (Qi−1) of the inflection point is an efficient criterion of GFA. The Qi−1 value is a valid criterion under the conditions of identical constituent elements and different element contents. However, Qi−1 and GFA have no relationship among different alloy systems.

scholarly journals Constituent elements of insoluble and non-volatile particles during the Last Glacial Maximum exhibited in the Dome Fuji (Antarctica) ice core

2009 ◽  
Vol 55 (191) ◽  
pp. 552-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshinori Iizuka ◽  
Takayuki Miyake ◽  
Motohiro Hirabayashi ◽  
Toshitaka Suzuki ◽  
Sumito Matoba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
Calcium Ion ◽  
Ice Core ◽  
Ice Cores ◽  
Glacial Maximum ◽  
Ion Concentrations ◽  
Last Glacial ◽  
Insoluble Particles ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Constituent Elements

AbstractIn order to find environmental signals based on the dust and calcium-ion concentrations in ice cores, we determine the constituent elements of residue particles obtained after melting ice samples. We have designed a sublimating system that operates at −45°C, below the eutectic temperatures of major salts. This system permits us to obtain a great many non-volatile particles. After studying the non-volatile particles, we immersed them in water to remove soluble particles and compounds. We thereby analyzed a total of 1272 residue particles (from the melted sample), 2418 non-volatile particles (after sublimation) and 1463 insoluble particles taken from five sections of Last Glacial Maximum ice from the Dome Fuji (Antarctica) ice core. Their constituent elements were determined by scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (SEM-EDS) and compared to the dust, calcium-ion and sodium-ion concentrations measured by ion chromatography. Our results indicate that >99.9% of the insoluble particles contain silicon but no sulfur, nitrogen or chlorine. A significant number of the non-volatile particles, however, contain sulfur and chlorine. We conclude that insoluble dust consists mostly of silicate, that almost all calcium ions originate from calcium sulfate and that almost all sodium ions originate from sodium sulfate and sodium chloride.

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