The Road to the Citadel as a Chain of Opportunity: Mamluks’ Careers between Contingency and Institutionalization

Abstract: congestion on the office and trade areas especially on Jalan Ahmad Yani is not very good. Average velocity of traffic in the morning or afternoon is only about 2 km / h, indicating the level of service on the road in the worst condition. Before getting the solution of the problem, it needs to be identified and planning things that have the potential to avoid such congestion. This study describes the existing conditions, descriptions and analysis of survey data carried out until later will be planned Building Parking Places to overcome this. The building is intended as an effort that serves the users of vehicles in a region section of Medan. It is expected that this Parking Building Building with the surrounding building can support each other. In general, this development plan only serves a particular vehicle, as a chain of facilities provided from vehicle manufacturers. The purpose of the public service is parked as much as possible, this Parking Service Building does not restrict the service only to the area where it is located, the service and placement for parking can come from outside the area in question, that is with related activities around it.Keywords: Parking Field, Vehicle Circulation, Congestion Abstrak: Kemacetan lalu lintas pada kawasan perkantoran dan perdagangan terutama di Jalan Ahmad Yani sudah sangat tidak baik. Rata-rata kecepatan arus kenderaan pada pagi atau siang hari hanya sekitar 2 km/jam, menunjukan tingkat pelayanan di jalan tersebut pada kondisi terburuk. Sebelum mendapatkan solusi dari masalah tersebut, perlu diidentifikasi dan perencanaan hal yang berpotensi untuk menghindari kemacetatan tersebut. Penelitian ini menggambarkan kondisi yang ada, deskripsi dan analisa data survei yang dilakukan sampai nantinya akan direncanakan Gedung Pelataran Parkir untuk mengatasi hal tersebut. Gedung dimaksudkan sebagai usaha yang melayani pemakai kendaraan dalam suatu wilayah dibagian kota Medan. Diharapkan Gedung Pelataran Parkir ini dengan yang gedung sekitarnya dapat saling menunjang. Pada umumnya rencana pembangunan ini hanya melayani kendaraan tertentu, sebagai mata rantai dari fasilitas yang diberikan dari produsen kendaraan. Tujuan pelayanan masyarakat yang berparkir semaksimal, Gedung Pelataran Parkir ini tidak membatasi pelayanan hanya pada wilayah dimana ia berada, pelayanan dan penempatan untuk parkir dapat datang dari luar wilayah yang dimaksud, yaitu dengan aktivitas-aktivitas yang berhubungan disekitarnya.Kata Kunci: Pelataran Parkir, Sirkulasi Kenderaan, Kemacetan

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Simulation study of satisfaction rate in the mixed traffic flow with open boundary conditions

International Journal of Modern Physics C ◽

10.1142/s0129183116500236 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 27 (02) ◽

pp. 1650023

Author(s):

Khalid Bentaleb ◽

Noureddine Lakouari ◽

Hamid Ez-Zahraouy ◽

Abdelilah Benyoussef

Keyword(s):

Boundary Conditions ◽

Open Boundary ◽

Open Boundary Conditions ◽

Mixed Traffic Flow ◽

The Road ◽

Satisfaction Rate ◽

A Value ◽

Maximal Speed ◽

On The Road ◽

A Chain

In this paper, we propose a single-lane cellular automata (CA) traffic model which takes into account the disorder in the length and the maximal speed of the vehicles (i.e. slow and fast) to study the satisfaction rate of the fast vehicles (i.e. the number of vehicles that run with their desired speed) with open boundary conditions in the case of a chain of one entry; where [Formula: see text] is the injecting rate of vehicles independent of their nature and [Formula: see text] is the extracting rate. The slow vehicles are injected with the conditional probability [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] is the concentration of the slow vehicles. It is found that for the low value of the injecting rate [Formula: see text] and for the high extraction rate [Formula: see text], the satisfaction rate takes higher values. It also depends on the concentration of the slow vehicles injected on the road. Furthermore, we have shown that, in the case when [Formula: see text], the satisfaction rate undergoes a transition from the maximal value to the minimal one and it takes a value near to zero in the case of [Formula: see text]. We have also found that the satisfaction rate depends strongly on the probability of overtaking, also the phase diagrams ([Formula: see text]) are established for the different values of the slow vehicles concentrations [Formula: see text].

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CALCULATION PROCEDURE FOR CHAIN-TYPE ANTI-SLIDING DEVICE WITH CUT-PLATE

REPAIR RECONDITIONING MODERNIZATION ◽

10.31044/1684-2561-2021-0-12-31-36 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

pp. 31-36

Author(s):

A.N. Zaikin ◽

◽

V.V. Sivakov ◽

D.A. Polonik ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Road Safety ◽

Road Surface ◽

Calculation Procedure ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

The Road ◽

Main Factors ◽

Cross Country ◽

The Cross ◽

A Chain ◽

Chain Type

The coefficient of grip of wheels to the road surface is one of the main factors affecting road safety. Various auxiliary means for increasing the cross-country ability with varying degrees of success are used to increase it. One of the preferred options for increasing the cross-country ability of vehicles can be automatic snow chains. A calculation procedure for a chain-type anti-sliding device with a cut-plate is presented.

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Automatic extraction of road seeds from high-resolution aerial images

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências ◽

10.1590/s0001-37652005000300011 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 77 (3) ◽

pp. 509-520 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Aluir P. Dal-Poz ◽

Giovane M. Do Vale ◽

Rodrigo B. Zanin

Keyword(s):

High Resolution ◽

Experimental Results ◽

Aerial Images ◽

Automatic Extraction ◽

Local Representation ◽

The Road ◽

A Chain ◽

Image Edges

This article presents an automatic methodology for extraction of road seeds from high-resolution aerial images. The method is based on a set of four road objects and another set of connection rules among road objects. Each road object is a local representation of an approximately straight road fragment and its construction is based on a combination of polygons describing all relevant image edges, according to some rules embodying road knowledge. Each one of the road seeds is composed by a sequence of connected road objects, in which each sequence of this type can be geometrically structured as a chain of contiguous quadrilaterals. Experiments carried out with high-resolution aerial images showed that the proposed methodology is very promising in extracting road seeds. This article presents the fundamentals of the method and the experimental results, as well.

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Observation of Atom Rows in Thorium Pyromellitate Using a Field Emission STEM

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s042482010007802x ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 35 ◽

pp. 80-81

Author(s):

H. Todokoro ◽

S. Nomura ◽

T. Komoda

Keyword(s):

Field Emission ◽

Amorphous Carbon ◽

Carbon Film ◽

Dark Field Image ◽

Dark Field ◽

Amorphous Carbon Film ◽

Atomic Size ◽

Wide Range ◽

A Chain

It is interesting to observe polymers at atomic size resolution. Some works have been reported for thorium pyromellitate by using a STEM (1), or a CTEM (2,3). The results showed that this polymer forms a chain in which thorium atoms are arranged. However, the distance between adjacent thorium atoms varies over a wide range (0.4-1.3nm) according to the different authors.The present authors have also observed thorium pyromellitate specimens by means of a field emission STEM, described in reference 4. The specimen was prepared by placing a drop of thorium pyromellitate in 10-3 CH3OH solution onto an amorphous carbon film about 2nm thick. The dark field image is shown in Fig. 1A. Thorium atoms are clearly observed as regular atom rows having a spacing of 0.85nm. This lattice gradually deteriorated by successive observations. The image changed to granular structures, as shown in Fig. 1B, which was taken after four scanning frames.

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Time-Resolved Cryo-Electron Microscopy of Oscillating Microtubules

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100181269 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 48 (1) ◽

pp. 502-503

Author(s):

Eva-Maria Mandelkow ◽

Ron Milligan

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Dynamic Instability ◽

Entire Solution ◽

Reaction Scheme ◽

Time Resolved ◽

X Ray ◽

X Ray Scattering ◽

A Chain ◽

Ray Scattering

Microtubules form part of the cytoskeleton of eukaryotic cells. They are hollow libers of about 25 nm diameter made up of 13 protofilaments, each of which consists of a chain of heterodimers of α-and β-tubulin. Microtubules can be assembled in vitro at 37°C in the presence of GTP which is hydrolyzed during the reaction, and they are disassembled at 4°C. In contrast to most other polymers microtubules show the behavior of “dynamic instability”, i.e. they can switch between phases of growth and phases of shrinkage, even at an overall steady state [1]. In certain conditions an entire solution can be synchronized, leading to autonomous oscillations in the degree of assembly which can be observed by X-ray scattering (Fig. 1), light scattering, or electron microscopy [2-5]. In addition such solutions are capable of generating spontaneous spatial patterns [6].In an earlier study we have analyzed the structure of microtubules and their cold-induced disassembly by cryo-EM [7]. One result was that disassembly takes place by loss of protofilament fragments (tubulin oligomers) which fray apart at the microtubule ends. We also looked at microtubule oscillations by time-resolved X-ray scattering and proposed a reaction scheme [4] which involves a cyclic interconversion of tubulin, microtubules, and oligomers (Fig. 2). The present study was undertaken to answer two questions: (a) What is the nature of the oscillations as seen by time-resolved cryo-EM? (b) Do microtubules disassemble by fraying protofilament fragments during oscillations at 37°C?

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Seeking to uncover biology's chemical roots

Emerging Topics in Life Sciences ◽

10.1042/etls20190012 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (5) ◽

pp. 435-443 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Addy Pross

Keyword(s):

Environmental Changes ◽

Biological Systems ◽

Significant Development ◽

The Road ◽

Physical Chemical ◽

Systems Chemistry ◽

Biological World ◽

Inanimate Matter ◽

The Origin Of Life ◽

Opening Up

Despite the considerable advances in molecular biology over the past several decades, the nature of the physical–chemical process by which inanimate matter become transformed into simplest life remains elusive. In this review, we describe recent advances in a relatively new area of chemistry, systems chemistry, which attempts to uncover the physical–chemical principles underlying that remarkable transformation. A significant development has been the discovery that within the space of chemical potentiality there exists a largely unexplored kinetic domain which could be termed dynamic kinetic chemistry. Our analysis suggests that all biological systems and associated sub-systems belong to this distinct domain, thereby facilitating the placement of biological systems within a coherent physical/chemical framework. That discovery offers new insights into the origin of life process, as well as opening the door toward the preparation of active materials able to self-heal, adapt to environmental changes, even communicate, mimicking what transpires routinely in the biological world. The road to simplest proto-life appears to be opening up.

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