Four new records of Conidae (Mollusca: Caenogastropoda) from the Andaman Islands, India

Zootaxa ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 3635 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. BENJAMIN FRANKLIN ◽  
P. VENKATESHWARAN ◽  
N. V. VINITHKUMAR ◽  
R. KIRUBAGARAN
Keyword(s):  
Complex Nature ◽  
Marine Fauna ◽  
West Pacific ◽  
The Past ◽  
Ocean Science ◽  
Nearshore Environments ◽  
Conus Species ◽  
Molluscan Fauna ◽  
Nicobar Islands ◽  
Pacific Species

The Andaman and Nicobar archipelago comprises 572 islands spread over an area of 8,249 sq. km. These islands are within the 'Indo-Malayan region' and near the 'faunistic centre' from which other Indo-West Pacific regions recruit their tropical marine fauna (Ekman, 1953). The topographically complex nature of the nearshore environments of these islands creates a plethora of niches that support a rich and diverse molluscan fauna. Many of the Conus species (e.g., C. geographus Linnaeus, 1758; C. miles Linnaeus, 1758; and C. striatus Linnaeus, 1758) that occupy these islands are broadly distributed throughout the Indo-West Pacific. However, a few Indo-West Pacific species (e.g., Conus andamanensis Smith, 1878; and C. araneosus nicobaricus Hwass in Bruguière, 1792) are restricted to small geographic regions (Röckel et. al. 1995). Early oceanographic expeditions of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands that began in 1788 report only 10 Conus species from these islands (Smith, 1878; Melvill & Sykes, 1898; Preston, 1908). More recently, Subba Rao (1980) of the Zoological Survey of India (ZSI) reports a total of 51 Conus species from this region. In the past two decades, the Conus fauna has not been studied extensively due to lack of focused studies in the Andaman andNicobar Islands. Several recent surveys conducted by the Andaman and Nicobar Centre for Ocean Science and Technology investigated the intertidal and subtidal macrobenthic fauna of theAndaman Islands.

scholarly journals The Science of Ageism: Two Steps Forward, One Step Back

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 646-646
Author(s):  
Jerin Lee ◽  
Natalie Shook
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Census Bureau ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
The Past ◽  
Growing Pains ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
One Step ◽  
Prejudicial Attitudes ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The past two decades have been marked by a rapidly aging population in the U.S. (U.S. Census Bureau, 2018), making prejudicial attitudes toward older adults (i.e., ageism) and the impact of such attitudes more relevant. As such, ageism researchers have worked tirelessly to not only understand this normalized and insidious form of bias, but also develop efforts to combat it. This symposium will feature four ageism researchers who will showcase both the growing pains and novel contributions of ageism research, ranging from the impact of ageism on psychological health to ageism interventions to issues related to the measurement of ageism. Specifically, Dr. Ayalon will present findings regarding difficulties with the assessment of exposure to ageism and the consequences of ageism for psychological well-being. Dr. Horhota will share research demonstrating challenges associated with confronting ageism. Dr. Levy will present a model showcasing factors associated with the reduction of ageism. Ms. Lee will discuss research findings examining the construct validity of several ageism measures. These talks highlight theoretical and real-world implications associated with the complex nature of ageism, providing important directions for enriching ageism research going forward.

Taxonomic notes on the genus Salmoneus Holthuis, 1955 (Decapoda, Caridea, Alpheidae) from the South China Sea

Crustaceana ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 89 (14) ◽  
pp. 1585-1609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanrong Wang ◽  
Zhongli Sha
Keyword(s):  
South China Sea ◽  
South China ◽  
The South China Sea ◽  
The South ◽  
West Pacific ◽  
China Sea ◽  
Pacific Species

Four species of the genusSalmoneusHolthuis, 1955 are described and illustrated in the present paper, including two newly recorded species,Salmoneus cristatus(Coutière, 1897) andSalmoneus tricristatusBanner, 1959. The mouthparts of these two species are illustrated herein. A key to all Indo-West Pacific species of the genusSalmoneusis provided as well.

scholarly journals The global soil community and its influence on biogeochemistry

Science ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 365 (6455) ◽  
pp. eaav0550 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. W. Crowther ◽  
J. van den Hoogen ◽  
J. Wan ◽  
M. A. Mayes ◽  
A. D. Keiser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Soil Biodiversity ◽  
Soil Community ◽  
The Past ◽  
Biogeochemical Models ◽  
Global Soil ◽  
Organic Matter Pool ◽  
Diverse Community ◽  
Soil Groups

Soil organisms represent the most biologically diverse community on land and govern the turnover of the largest organic matter pool in the terrestrial biosphere. The highly complex nature of these communities at local scales has traditionally obscured efforts to identify unifying patterns in global soil biodiversity and biogeochemistry. As a result, environmental covariates have generally been used as a proxy to represent the variation in soil community activity in global biogeochemical models. Yet over the past decade, broad-scale studies have begun to see past this local heterogeneity to identify unifying patterns in the biomass, diversity, and composition of certain soil groups across the globe. These unifying patterns provide new insights into the fundamental distribution and dynamics of organic matter on land.

scholarly journals A new species of Ancylomenes Okuno & Bruce, 2009 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Pontoniinae) from the Kimberley region, Western Australia

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 3018 (1) ◽  
pp. 66 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. BRUCE
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Abdominal Somite ◽  
West Pacific ◽  
Pacific Species ◽  
A New Species

The pontoniine shrimp genus Ancylomenes Okuno & Bruce, 2009 now includes 17 Indo-West Pacific species (Okuno & Bruce 2009). With a few exceptions, such as A. aesopius (Bate, 1863) and A. longicarpus (Bruce & Svoboda, 1983), these present a highly consistent morphology, differing at species level principally in details of the rostrum, third abdominal somite, ophthalmic process, dentition of the second pereiopod chelae, and ambulatory propods and dactyls. This consistency renders detailed descriptions repetitive and largely redundant.

The Indo-West Pacific Pilumnidae XVIII: On the taxonomy of Pilumnus scabriusculus Adams and White, 1849, and P. sluiteri De Man, 1892, with a note on Cancer incanus Forskål, 1775 (Brachyura: Xanthoidea)

Zootaxa ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 841 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
PETER K.L. NG ◽  
PAUL F. CLARK
Keyword(s):  
Distinct Species ◽  
West Pacific ◽  
De Man ◽  
Pacific Species

The taxonomy of two Indo-West Pacific species of pilumnid crabs, Pilumnus scabriusculus Adams & White, 1849, and P. sluiteri De Man, 1892, is clarified. Pilumnus sluiteri has long being synonymised under P. scabriusculus but re-examination of the types and other material shows that there are distinct differences between them, notably in the form of the carapace, mouthparts, chelipeds and male first pleopods. They are here regarded as two distinct species.

Marine Mollusca of Islay and Skye

1983 ◽  
Vol 83 ◽  
pp. 195-215
Author(s):  
Shelagh M. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Tidal Range ◽  
Baseline Survey ◽  
General Survey ◽  
Marine Fauna ◽  
Additional Work ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Molluscan Fauna ◽  
Single Method ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

SynopsisBaseline surveys of Islay and Skye show that the shores of the latter island have the more diverse mollusc population. Detailed investigation of the Mollusca associated with algae corroborates the general survey. The reason for the comparative paucity of Mollusca on Islay appears to stem from a number of factors of which the lack of variety of habitats and the shorter shores with little tidal range are the most obvious. Additional work carried out by diving and dredging enhanced the data from Skye, supporting the view that a combination of approaches produces the best results in a baseline survey, and helps to minimise any false impression of a marine fauna which may arise in surveys arbitrarily restricted to above or below low water mark or to a single method of obtaining data. The relationship of the marine molluscan fauna of Islay and Skye to that of west Scotland as a whole is briefly discussed.

scholarly journals Interaction between hydraulic fractures and natural fractures: current status and prospective directions

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 1613-1634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oladoyin Kolawole ◽  
Ion Ispas
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Petroleum Industry ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Hydraulic Fractures ◽  
Natural Fractures ◽  
Oil And Gas Production ◽  
The Past ◽  
Unconventional Oil And Gas

Abstract Hydraulic fracturing treatment is one of the most efficient conventional matrix stimulation techniques currently utilized in the petroleum industry. However, due to the spatiotemporal complex nature of fracture propagation in a naturally- and often times systematically fractured media, the influence of natural fractures (NF) and in situ stresses on hydraulic fracture (HF) initiation and propagation within a reservoir during the hydrofracturing process remains an important issue. Over the past 50 years of advances in the understanding of HF–NF interactions, no comprehensive revision of the state of the knowledge exists. Here, we reviewed over 140 scientific articles on investigations of HF–NF interactions, published over the past 50 years. We highlight the most commonly observed HF–NF interactions and their implications for unconventional oil and gas production. Using observational and quantitative analyses, we find that numerical modeling and simulation is the most prominent method of approach, whereas there are less publications on the experimental approach, and analytical method is the least utilized approach. Further, we suggest how HF–NF interactions can be monitored in real time on the field during a pre-frac test. Lastly, based on the results of our literature review, we recommend promising areas of investigation that may provide more profound insights into HF–NF interactions in such a way that can be directly applied to the optimization of fracture-stimulation field operations.

Pharmacogenomics, Pharmacokinetics, and Pharmacodynamics in the Era of Targeted Therapies

2016 ◽  
pp. e175-e184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emiliano Calvo ◽  
Christine Walko ◽  
E. Claire Dees ◽  
Belén Valenzuela
Keyword(s):  
Targeted Therapies ◽  
Acquired Resistance ◽  
Cancer Therapeutics ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Therapeutic Drug ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
The Past ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Difficult Challenge ◽  
Treatment Tolerance

The complex nature of the pharmacologic aspects of cancer therapeutics has become more apparent in the past several years with the arrival of a cascade of target-based agents and the difficult challenge of bringing individualized precision medicine to oncology. Interpatient variability in drug action, singularly in novel agents, is in part caused by pharmacogenomic (PG), pharmacokinetic, and pharmacodynamic (PD) factors, and drug selection and dosing should take this into consideration to optimize the benefit for our patients in terms of antitumor activity and treatment tolerance. In this regard, somatic genetic evaluation of tumors is useful in not only predicting response to initial targeted therapies but also in anticipating and guiding therapy after the development of acquired resistance; therapeutic drug monitoring of novel small molecules and monoclonal antibodies must be incorporated in our day-to-day practice to minimize the negative effect on clinical outcome of interindividual variability on pharmacokinetic processes of these drugs for all patients, but especially for fragile patient populations and those with organ dysfunction or comorbidities. For these populations, incorporating frailty assessment tools into trials of newer agents and validating frailty-based dose adjustment should be an important part of further drug development.

New species of pinnotherid crabs from Southeast Asia and Papua New Guinea (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura)

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4816 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHANE T. AHYONG ◽  
PETER K.L. NG
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Eastern India ◽  
West Pacific ◽  
First Time ◽  
Pacific Species

Three new Indo-West Pacific species of pinnotherid crabs are described, one each of Arcotheres, Buergeres and Nepinnotheres. Arcotheres pollus, described from Paway Island, Mergui Archipelago, is most similar to A. boninensis (Stimpson, 1858), A. pernicola (Bürger, 1895) and A. purpureus (Alcock, 1900), sharing a transversely ovate carapace and long, slender, almost styliform dactyli of P4 and 5 that are about twice the length of those of P2 and 3. Buergeres choprai, described from Papua New Guinea, is most similar to B. deccanesis (Chopra, 1931) from eastern India but differentiated by segment proportions and setation of the walking legs. Buergeres tenuipes (Bürger, 1895) is synonymised with B. ortmanni (Bürger, 1895), which is also reported for the first time from Indonesia. A male of an undetermined species of Buergeres from the Philippines, possibly B. ortmanni, is figured and described, documenting the gonopod morphology in Buergeres for the first time. A key to the species of Buergeres based on females is provided. Nepinnotheres fulvia sp. nov. is also described from Papua New Guinea, and resembles N. cardii (Bürger, 1895) from the Philippines and Malaysia but can be distinguished by features of the chelipeds and maxilliped 3. 

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