Traditional Even Child Rearing in Nomadic Conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 5186-5196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolai Dmitrievich Neustroev ◽  
Yuri Alekseevich Sleptsov ◽  
Anna Nikolaevna Neustroeva ◽  
Tuyaara Alekseevna Shergina ◽  
Alina Alekseevna Kozhurova
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Traditional Education ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Child Rearing ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
The North

This article deals with the problem of indigenous peoples’ child-rearing practices based on their traditional way of life, language and authentic ethnic culture against the background of a strong national revival of the peoples of the Russian Federation. It shows that inclement natural and climatic conditions and the vulnerable traditional way of life of indigenous peoples of the North have necessitated creation of a special national policy towards their sustainable development, which would provide for an action framework to preserve their indigenous culture, traditional way of life, and primordial living environment. In particular, it resolves the essential contradiction between the existing unified system of school education and the relevance of variable organization of traditional education for children of the indigenous peoples of the North in the nomad camp, based on their ethnic, psychological, and physiological features of development. A model for traditional Even child rearing in the nomad camp has been developed and tested as a new form of organizing children’s life during summer holidays in the North. Special aspects of educational environment for Northern children in the nomad camp have been substantiated based on a curriculum with an ethnic focus aiming to form their identity as native speakers of the language and bearers of the culture of their people and as members of the northern ethnic group. The effectiveness of ethnocultural education of Even children in the nomad camp has been experimentally proved through an ethno-pedagogical theory and practice in specific natural conditions of the North.

scholarly journals Peculiarities of the psychotype of the indigenous peoples of the North in the projection of illegal behavior in the urban environment of the Russian Arctic

2020 ◽  
Vol 208 ◽  
pp. 04002
Author(s):  
Evgeny Naumenko ◽  
Olga Naumenko ◽  
Viktoriya Phillips ◽  
Yulia Bortnikova
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
The North ◽  
Illegal Behavior ◽  
Russian North ◽  
Khanty Mansi Autonomous ◽  
Nenets Autonomous

The article examines the peculiarities of the personality psycho-type of the indigenous peoples of the North, living in the cities of the Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Okrug (Arctic) and the territory of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, related to the regions of the Far North. The authors’ attention is drawn to the psychological characteristics that determine the illegal behavior of the indigenous popu-lation. The natural-climatic conditions of the Russian North, its Arctic zone, is very specific and deter¬mines a number of features in the psychological portrait of the personality. The life hood of the inheri-tors and practitioners of traditional culture, taken place in the conditions of an “impoverished living environment,” is distinguished by a specific way of life and perceptions, activities and social stratifica-tions, therefore, imposes a number of conditions and restrictions revealed in the psychological foun-dations of behavior and its law-oriented norms. The same characteristics remain dominant in the transition to an urban environment.

scholarly journals Transformation Processes and Nutrition Factor in the Far North Residents' Resilience System

2021 ◽  
pp. 190-214
Author(s):  
Tatyana I. TROSHINA ◽  
◽  
Olga M. MOROZOVA ◽  
Nadezhda A. VOROBYEVA ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Social Research ◽  
World Order ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Data Set ◽  
The North ◽  
Short Period

One of the global challenges of our time is the conflict of man and human communities with the rapidly changing world order, which has an aspect lying at the intersection of culture and human physiology — the conformity of food behavior to lifestyle and the environment. The vitality and resilience of modern humans is subjected to special challenges. Comfortable conditions of existence in the modern world have a reverse side, expressed in diseases associated with sedentary lifestyle, psychotraumatization, violation of the usual nutrition pattern. These changes are especially noticeable on the example of indigenous peoples of the North, who have lived in relative isolation for a long time, as well as on the example of migrants forced to work in unusual natural and climatic conditions and, in general, abruptly and for a relatively short period of time (which does not allow "launching" the adaptation mechanisms) to change the whole habitual way of life. These categories of population are of special interest for researchers, including in connection with the reactions of body to changes in the food model. The idea of optimal food for the human body, formed in the course of nutriological studies, often contradicts the food traditions of peoples living in conditions far from being favourable. Since the end of the 19th century, balanced consumption of fats, proteins and carbohydrates was perceived as a civilization sign of mature modern society, and any deviations were treated as primitive practices. Over time, the approach to studying the lifestyle of traditional societies evolved from the perspective of the mechanism of human adaptation to different habitats. Traditions, including eating habits, are regarded as an optimum point of survival with the highest level of food, fuel and other material resources available in a given habitat. In addition to the problems of traditional and modernized food supply, the article focuses on the painful conditions associated with the disruption of the habitual way of life, work and nutrition of various groups of northern residents — in historical retrospect and at the present stage. Archive and literary sources, results of modern medical and social research and own field material (ethnosociological and biomedical) were used for the analysis. As a result of the generalization of the data set, which includes the authors' own research, it has been concluded that, in addition to ensuring the supply of basic foodstuffs, preventive medicines and high-quality preventive medicine for permanent residents and temporary workers in the Arctic, it is advisable to take into account the survival practices of indigenous peoples that have been developed over the centuries, creating the conditions for new settlers for assimilation. The credibility of these traditions is given by their high viability and their focus on the ethnic survival of indigenous people in the North.

The Mechanism of International Legal Support of Effective Management of Indigenous Peoples in the Northern Territories

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1095
Author(s):  
Vadim Avdeevich AVDEEV ◽  
Stanislav Vasilyevich ROZENKO ◽  
Igor Nikolaevich FEDULOV ◽  
Igor Mikhailovich OSPICHEV ◽  
Elena Vyacheslavovna FROLOVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Life Support ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Industrial Society ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Legal Policy ◽  
Indigenous Minorities

The article examines the key directions to improve the effectiveness of legal means to protect the interests of the North’s indigenous minorities in the context of globalization. Attention is paid to the improvement of legal instruments for regulating public relations related to small indigenous minorities of the North. Special attention is focused on the correlation between international legal bases, national legislation and regional acts. Close attention is paid to the role and place of small indigenous minorities in Russian Federation state policy. The state and legal transformations taking place in the context of globalization are modelling a new level of social relations and give rise to special interest in improving their traditional way of life. The scientific rationale for new conceptual approaches is predetermined by the specificities of indigenous peoples’ social development. In this regard, the main areas of national policy applicable to the country’s indigenous population as a whole and to individual regions where they live in the twenty-first century require modernization. Preservation and development of ethnic groups requires the solution of modern problems through public authorities and self-government. The article analyzes the priority directions of state and legal policy, goals and objectives that meet the interests to protect the rights of small indigenous peoples. At present, it is necessary that the focus of legal policy should be directed at proclaiming and ensuring the rights of indigenous peoples, preserving their unique way of life, promoting life support in the changed conditions of the cultural and natural environment and protecting them from the negative influence of post-industrial society.

The relationship between natural phenomena and economic activities in the national calendar of the Yakuts and Evens

2021 ◽  
pp. 724-731
Author(s):  
I.I. Petrova
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
World Order ◽  
Natural Phenomena ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
The North ◽  
The People ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Human Economic Activity ◽  
The Relationship

The national calendar is an encyclopedia of the everyday life of the people, their way of life and world order. Knowledge and study of the folk calendar as part of culture is necessary to preserve the unique traditional cultures of the indigenous peoples of the North and Siberia. The novelty of the research lies in the establishment of the relationship between natural phenomena and human economic activity in the national calendar of the Yakuts and Evens, taking into account the peculiarities of the creation by each of the peoples of their own calendar.

scholarly journals The historical experience of the state political program for the creation of Soviet centers for school education and culture in the Yenisei North in 1923–1930

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-203
Author(s):  
Antonina S. Chursina
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Formal Schooling ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Tax Base ◽  
Soviet Government ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
The North ◽  
Northern Regions ◽  
Cultural Base

The paper aims to analyze the experiments of Soviet State to organize and develop educational centers for indigenous peoples at the villages of Yanov Stan and Tura of Turukhansk Territory. The paper discusses that, despite errors and problems in relations with indigenous peoples, a cultural center at Yanov Stan and Tura cultural base can be considered as a Soviet experiment aimed to find an acceptable form of organization of formal schooling and spread of ideological values and cultural policies of the Soviet government among indigenous peoples of the North. Soviet governments policy on educating local children also included upbringing them as native speakers of the Russian language and culture, able to assist the authorities to transform the traditional way of life of the indigenous peoples of the North and involve them in socialism building. Additionally, the tax base of the northern regions was insignificant. The Peoples Commissariat of Education of the RSFSR, responsible for organizing formal schooling, allocated funds for school construction on the leftover principle. The lack of financing hindered the development of educational centers and implementation of social programs. Altogether, the paper argues that the centers provided an opportunity to accumulate certain experience and to train teachers who were able to work with indigenous children.

scholarly journals A VIEW ABOUT THE IMPORTANCE OF THE LEGAL AMAZON INDIGENOUS PEOPLES ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. a3en
Author(s):  
Francisco Gilson Rebouças Porto Junior ◽  
Vinicius Benites Alves ◽  
Isaltina Santos da Costa Oliveira ◽  
Juliene Santana da Costa
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Management ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Development Model ◽  
Cultural Reproduction ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Indigenous Lands ◽  
Management Plans ◽  
Conservation Of Biodiversity

The present work focused on the study, reading and reflection on the National Policy for Environmental and Territorial Management in Indigenous Lands (PNGATI) and the Territorial and Environmental Management Plans (in Portuguese, Plano de Gestão Territorial e Ambiental – ‘PGTAs’), of indigenous lands of the peoples belonging to the Legal Amazon, through a documentary bibliographic research. These documents aim to bring a look at the significant contribution of indigenous peoples to the conservation of biodiversity, presenting the way of life of these peoples, the care they have with their territories for physical and cultural reproduction, as well as their challenges in face of the development model adopted by the country. The PGTAs in question refer to the Jamamadi, Yanomami and Wajãpi peoples of the respective states of Amazonas, Roraima and Amapá.

WARMING IN THE ARCTIC: OPPORTUNITIES AND RISKS

2021 ◽  
pp. 66-87
Author(s):  
Irina Zhilina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Arctic Zone ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
The North ◽  
The Way

The dynamics and forecasts of climate change in the Arctic as a result of global warming on the planet are considered. The article analyzes the influence of climate change on the natural environment, some sectors of the economy and social sphere of the Arctic zone of Russia, and the way of life of the indigenous peoples of the North.

scholarly journals The Concept and Content of Protection of Rights of Indigenous Small Ethnic Communities of the North

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 27-31
Author(s):  
Anastasia A. Gryaznova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Ethnic Communities ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
The North ◽  
National Minorities ◽  
Additional Protection ◽  
The Right

The article deals with the concept and characteristics of indigenous small-numbered peoples of the North, its relations with similar legal categories in meaning and content («small-numbered ethnic communities», «small-numbered peoples», «indigenous nation», «national minorities»). The article reveals the content of the right to a traditional way of life, the necessity of additional protection of rights of small indigenous peoples of the North, determined the system of subjects of protection of the rights of indigenous peoples of the North and the role of advocacy in it, and also formulated the concept of protection of the rights of indigenous peoples of the North.

Isolasi Sosio-Budaya Masyarakat Orang Asli di Malaysia dan Kesannya Terhadap Pentafsiran Hukum Islam

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Paiz Hassan ◽  
Mohd Anuar Ramli
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous People ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Low Literacy ◽  
Orang Asli ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Local Background ◽  
Negative Perceptions ◽  
Closed Door

Majority of the indigenous people who are the original inhabitants in Malaysia inhibit the remote area of tropical forest which is rich in natural resources. Their lives are separated from the outside community due to several factors such as geography, low literacy, negative perceptions of the surrounding community, and the closed-door attitude of the indigenous people. Consistent preaching activities have changed the faith of the indigenous people from animism orientation towards believing in the Oneness of God. The practice of Islam as a way of life in the lives of indigenous peoples is found to be difficult to practice because the fiqh approach presented to them does not celebrate their local condition. In this regard, this study will examine the socio-cultural isolation of indigenous peoples and their impact on the interpretation of Islamic law. To achieve this objective, the researchers have applied the library research method by referring to the literatures related to the discussion of Islamic scholars in various disciplines of fiqh and usūl al-fiqh. The research found that there is rukhsah and taysir approach given to isolated people as well as with local background to facilitate the religious affairs of the indigenous people. Abstrak Majoriti masyarakat Orang Asli yang merupakan penduduk asal di semenanjung Malaysia mendiami kawasan pedalaman di hutan hujan tropika yang kaya dengan khazanah alam. Kehidupan mereka terasing daripada masyarakat luar disebabkan beberapa faktor seperti geografi, kadar literasi yang rendah, pandangan negatif masyarakat sekitar dan sikap tertutup masyarakat Orang Asli. Gerakan dakwah yang dijalankan secara konsisten telah membawa perubahan kepercayaan sebahagian masyarakat Orang Asli daripada berorientasikan animisme kepada mempercayai Tuhan yang Esa. Pengamalan Islam sebagai cara hidup dalam kehidupan masyarakat Orang Asli didapati agak sukar untuk dipraktikkan lantaran pendekatan fiqh yang disampaikan kepada mereka tidak meraikan suasana setempat mereka. Sehubungan itu, kajian ini akan meneliti keadaan isolasi sosio-budaya masyarakat Orang Asli dan kesannya terhadap pentafsiran hukum Islam. Bagi mencapai objektif tersebut, pengkaji menggunakan kajian kepustakaan sepenuhnya dengan menelusuri literatur berkaitan dengan perbincangan sarjana Islam dalam pelbagai disiplin ilmu fiqh dan usul fiqh. Hasil kajian mendapati terdapat rukhsah dan pendekatan taysir diberikan kepada mereka yang hidup terasing serta berlatar belakang budaya setempat bagi memudahkan urusan keagamaan masyarakat Orang Asli.

Peculiarities of the course of the postpartum period in domestic reindeer females, its morphophysiology and behavioral reactions in the North-East of Russia (Republic of Sakha)

2020 ◽  
pp. 99-105
Author(s):  
V. Fedorov ◽  
E. Sleptsov ◽  
K. Plemyashov
Keyword(s):  
Postpartum Period ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Complex Problem ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Taiga Zone ◽  
Behavioral Reactions ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Mountain Taiga

A growth in the number of deer and an increase in their productivity are closely related to the solution of the complex problem of reproduction and rational use of deer females. Significant damage to reindeer husbandry is caused by the barrenness of northern domestic deer, the level of which has been quite high in recent years. So, in the Republic of Sakha, on 01.01.2020, the number of domesticated reindeer was 152,068, of which female deer and heifers — 71,818, offspring per 100 females — 59, business yield amounted to 52 fawns per 100 females. The causes of infertility are very diverse, as the natural and climatic conditions of the breeding zones have a significant influence on the reproductive function of reindeer. In Yakutia, the main population of northern domestic deer is bred in mountain taiga and tundra natural-climatic zones, so there are about 55 thousand deer in the mountain taiga zone and more than 65 thousand deer in the tundra zone. In this regard, the study of the peculiarities of the postpartum period course in domestic reindeer females, its morphophysiology, and behavioral reactions depending on the natural and climatic conditions of breeding is of great importance.

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