Oxidation of Acetaldehyde Over Cobalt Supported on Nanosized Carbon Black Catalysts

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 4029-4032
Author(s):  
Hyung-Sun Yoon ◽  
Seong-Gyu Seo
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Catalyst Surface ◽  
Catalyst Support ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Acetaldehyde Oxidation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Loading Amount ◽  
Economic Considerations

In this study, we investigated the oxidation of acetaldehyde over Co/carbon black catalysts. All experiments were conducted in the temperature range of 200–440 °C, at an acetaldehyde concentration of 0.94 mol% in air, and using Co loading amounts in the range of 2–60 wt%. The nanosized carbon black and Co/carbon black catalysts were characterized using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The TGA data revealed that the nanosized carbon black was stable at high temperatures (600 °C), and the XRD results indicated that Co/carbon black was deteriorated and Co oxides, such as Co3O4, were formed. The addition of Co3O4 crystallites on the catalyst surface provided the greatest increase in catalytic activity. The catalytic activity of the supports used in this study for the acetaldehyde oxidation reaction increased as follows: SiO2 < TiO2 < carbon black < SiO2–Al2O3. The experimental results and economic considerations revealed that nanosized carbon black could be effectively used as catalyst support for the oxidation of acetaldehyde. The activity of the Co/carbon black catalysts varied with the Co loading amount, and the optimum Co loading amount was 10 wt%.

Preparation of CuO/γ-Al2O3 Catalysts by Impregnationin Supercritical CO2

2011 ◽  
Vol 396-398 ◽  
pp. 1313-1317
Author(s):  
Li Min Li ◽  
San Kui Xu ◽  
Xiao Dong Wang ◽  
Nan Nan Guo ◽  
Yun Lai Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Catalyst Preparation ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Impregnation Time ◽  
Temperature And Pressure ◽  
Organometallic Precursors ◽  
Adsorption Quantity

CuO/γ-Al2O3 catalysts were prepared by supercritical CO2 (SC-CO2) impregnation method. The preparation was carried out in SC-CO2 with Cu(NO3)2 as precursor, methanol as assistant solvent, and γ-Al2O3 as support. The effects of impregnation parameters such as temperature and pressure of SC-CO2, impregnation time, ratio of precursor to support, and amount of assistant solvent on catalyst preparation were investigated. The as-prepared catalysts were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and compared to that prepared by the conventional impregnation method. The SC-CO2 impregnation method provided higher adsorption rate, larger adsorption quantity, more homogeneous dispersion of precursor, and stronger interaction between precursor and support. The catalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) was used as probe reaction to estimate the catalytic activity of two catalysts prepared by two methods. The catalyst prepared by SC-CO2 impregnation method exhibits significantly improved catalytic activity. These results show that the inorganic metallic reagents as precursor with assistant solvent can be used as an alternative for the organometallic precursors in SC-CO2 impregnation method.

scholarly journals Investigation of Lithiated Carbons by Transmission Electron Microscopy and X-Ray Diffraction Analysis

1998 ◽  
Vol 548 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. D. Tran ◽  
X. Y. Song ◽  
K. Kinoshita
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Lattice Image ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Storage Mechanism ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Diffraction Patterns

ABSTRACTThe microstructures of lithiated synthetic graphite and carbon black were studied by high- resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Information about the crystal structure of carbon containing various Li compositions can provide useful insights to our understanding of the Li storage mechanism in carbonaceous materials. Samples with compositions of Li0.93C6or Li0.45C6 were found to contain both stage-one and stage-two compounds. These observations are consistent with XRD data. The changes in sample microstructure as the results of lithiation and exposure to electron irradiation were observed by TEM and recorded over several minutes in the microscope environment. Selected area electron diffraction patterns indicated that the lithiated samples quickly changed composition to LiC 24, which appeared to dominate during the brief analysis period. The layer planes in the lattice image of a disordered carbon black after Li insertion are poorly defined, and changes in the microstructure of these lithiated carbons was not readily apparent. Observations on these lithium intercalation compounds as well as the limitation of the experimental procedure will be presented.

Green synthesis of CuO/rGO nanocomposite using Terminalia Arjuna bark extract and its catalytic activity for purification of water

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanita Kumari ◽  
Prit Pal Singh ◽  
Sandeep Kaushal
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Terminalia Arjuna ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Biogenic Synthesis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Uv Visible ◽  
Purification Of Water

Biogenic synthesis of CuO/rGO nanocomposites was carried out successfully using Terminalia Arjuna bark extract. Various analytical methods such as UV-visible (UV-Vis), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, Field...

scholarly journals Enhancement of Mercury Removal by Utilizing Catalytic Chelation Technique

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 6354-6364
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Catalyst Surface ◽  
Chelating Agent ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Mercury Removal ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cold Vapor Atomic Absorption ◽  
Time Of Reaction

Discharge of heavy metals released from industries has adverse effects on the environment. The development of a method that can safely remove heavy metals is still challenging. Therefore, the aim of this study is to propose catalytic chelation technique for the removal of mercury (Hg). Removal of Hg was carried out using the sodium acetate (CH3COONa) as the chelating agent and catalyzed by the heterogeneous alumina supported calcium oxide (CaO/Al2O3). The optimization was performed by applying the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) with the pH ranging from 7 to 10, a dosage of chelating agent from 400 ppm to 600 ppm, temperature from 33.5 to 37.5 oC, and time of reaction from 1 to 5 h. Hg content analysis was carried out using Flow Injection Mercury System based on cold vapor atomic absorption spectroscopy. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed the presence of active sites on the catalyst. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) analysis represented the formation of homogeneous particles on the catalyst surface. The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), Energy Dispersive X-Ray (EDX), and Fourier-transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the surface area, the elemental composition, and functional groups of the catalyst, respectively. Moreover, the proposed method successfully achieved ±99 % of Hg removal.

Experimental Study on the Effect of Conductive Carbon Black Super-P on the Properties of Composite Mortar

NANO ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 2150094
Author(s):  
Wei He ◽  
Yawei Wang ◽  
Jihang Xu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Cementitious Material ◽  
Hydration Products ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Curing Conditions ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Conductive Carbon Black ◽  
Conductive Agent

Conductive carbon black Super-P (CSP) is a kind of nanomaterial, which is often used as conductive agent. It has excellent conductivity and low production cost. In this paper, CSP was used as the admixture to prepare composite mortar (with the specific gravity of cementitious material). The consistency, mechanical properties, electrical conductivity and temperature sensitivity of composite mortar were studied. The mechanism of CSP was analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results show that the consistency of composite mortar decreases with the addition of CSP. The mechanical properties of composite mortar first increase and then decrease with the increase of CSP content. The addition of CSP greatly improves the conductivity of mortar. When the CSP content is 0.5–2%, the resistivity decreases rapidly and the seepage threshold appears. When the content of the mixture is large, the influence of different curing conditions on resistivity is small. SEM and XRD analysis show that CSP can fill micro pores and conduct electricity through tunnels, and does not change the composition of hydration products of composite mortar, and the formation of calcium hydroxide can be inhibited when the content is small. This paper explores the properties of CSP composite mortar, which provides theoretical and experimental basis for the preparation and application of conductive mortar.

Use of Carbon Nanomaterials as a Catalyst Support in Fuel Cells

2016 ◽  
Vol 879 ◽  
pp. 1882-1888
Author(s):  
Yoshiyuki Suda
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Carbon Nanomaterials ◽  
Reduction Method ◽  
Catalyst Support ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Catalytic Activities ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Ptru Catalyst ◽  
Different Shapes

PtRu or Pt catalysts were supported on four types of carbon nanomaterials with different shapes, sizes, and graphitic and electrical properties, and their resulting catalytic activities were evaluated by electrochemical methods. The carbon nanomaterials used included two types of particles: Arc Black (AcB) and Vulcan XC-72R (Vulcan), and two types of nanofibers: carbon nanocoils (CNC) and VGCF-X. Pt and Ru were loaded onto the nanomaterials by a reduction method using sodium borohydride. Transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed the PtRu catalyst particles to be 4–6 nm in diameters. The shifts in the Pt (111) XRD peaks of the catalysts on CNC and VGCF-X were larger than those on AcB and Vulcan, indicating a higher degree of alloying between Pt and Ru. The diameters of the CNC-supported Pt and PtRu catalyst particles had the narrowest distributions and were constant within the range of catalyst loadings investigated. Electrochemical studies of the catalysts during methanol oxidation were carried out using cyclic voltammetry. The catalyst particles supported on CNC and VGCF-X exhibited higher catalytic activity than those on AcB and Vulcan. The effect of the surface area of the carbon nanomaterials on the catalytic activity is discussed.

scholarly journals Synthesis of Graphene Oxide Enriched Natural Kaolinite Clay and Its Application For Biodiesel Production

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-315
Author(s):  
Syukri Syukri ◽  
Fadhil Ferdian ◽  
Yetria Rilda ◽  
Yulia Eka Putri ◽  
Mai Efdi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Potassium Hydroxide ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Bifunctional Catalyst ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Kaolinite Clay ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Activity Test

A heterogeneous catalyst is one type of catalyst which is very effective for biodiesel production; thus, in this study, a novel heterogeneous bifunctional catalyst was prepared by kaolinite clay obtained from Padang of West Sumatera and impregnated with graphene oxide and potassium hydroxide (KOH) for the simultaneous esterification and transesterification reactions of palm oil into biodiesel. For comparison, two other catalysts were also prepared. The first catalyst was the same clay which was heated at 450ºC for 4 hours, and the second catalyst was the same clay which was impregnated with potassium hydroxide (KOH) only. The three catalysts were characterized using X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), and Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR). XRF analysis showed that the clay sample’s main composition consisted of 54% silica, 35% alumina, and 7% hematite. The XRD analysis results showed that the most dominant crystal composition was quartz, kaolinite, and hematite. The analysis results using FTIR showed a change in intensity and shift in wave numbers indicating a cation exchange. The catalytic activity test was carried out with a ratio of oil and methanol 1:6, catalyst amount 5%, 60ºC reaction temperature, and 4 hours of reaction time.The results showed that the catalytic activity of clays impregnated with graphene oxide and potassium hydroxide was better with a yield of 58% compared to clays without impregnation and other clays that were only impregnated with KOH under the yields of 0.8% and 0.4%, respectively

Identification of acid-insoluble filter-plugging compounds and optimal acid-washing procedures for tubular backpulse pressure filters

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-23
Author(s):  
KEVIN TAYLOR ◽  
RICH ADDERLY ◽  
GAVIN BAXTER
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Sulfate ◽  
Membrane Filter ◽  
Sulfamic Acid ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Metal Sulfides ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Gypsum Formation ◽  
Acid Washing ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Over time, performance of tubular backpulse pressure filters in kraft mills deteriorates, even with regular acid washing. Unscheduled filter replacement due to filter plugging results in significant costs and may result in mill downtime. We identified acid-insoluble filter-plugging materials by scanning electron microscope/energy-dispersion X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis in both polypropylene and Gore-Tex™ membrane filter socks. The major filter-plugging components were calcium sulfate (gypsum), calcium phosphate (hydroxylapatite), aluminosilicate clays, metal sulfides, and carbon. We carried out detailed sample analysis of both the standard acid-washing procedure and a modified procedure. Filter plugging by gypsum and metal sulfides appeared to occur because of the acid-washing procedure. Gypsum formation on the filter resulted from significant hydrolysis of sulfamic acid solution at temperatures greater than 130°F. Modification of the acid-washing procedure greatly reduced the amount of gypsum and addition of a surfactant to the acid reduced wash time and mobilized some of the carbon from the filter. With surfactant, acid washing was 95% complete after 40 min.

Physicochemical and Catalytic Properties of Spinels Formed by Solid-Solid Interaction Between Fe2O3and V2O5

1996 ◽  
Vol 61 (8) ◽  
pp. 1131-1140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abd El-Aziz Ahmed Said
Keyword(s):  
Vanadium Oxide ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Catalyst Surface ◽  
Catalytic Properties ◽  
Flow System ◽  
Oxide Catalysts ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Selective Catalyst ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Solid Catalysts

Vanadium oxide catalysts doped or mixed with 1-50 mole % Fe3+ ions were prepared. The structure of the original samples and those calcined from 200 up to 500 °C were characterized by TG, DTA, IR and X-ray diffraction. The SBET values and texture of the solid catalysts were investigated. The catalytic dehydration-dehydrogenation of isopropanol was carried out at 200 °C using a flow system. The results obtained showed an observable decrease in the activity of V2O5 on the addition of Fe3+ ions. Moreover, Fe2V4O13 is the more active and selective catalyst than FeVO4 spinels. The results were correlated with the active sites created on the catalyst surface.

Bis(μ-carboxylato)dienerhodium(I) Complexes - Synthesis, Characterization and Catalytic Activity

2008 ◽  
Vol 73 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 1205-1221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiří Zedník ◽  
Jan Sedláček ◽  
Jan Svoboda ◽  
Jiří Vohlídal ◽  
Dmitrij Bondarev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Diffraction Analysis ◽  
Spectroscopic Methods ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray

Dinuclear rhodium(I) η2:η2-cycloocta-1,5-diene (series a) and η2:η2-norborna-2,5-diene (series b) complexes with μ-RCOO- ligands, where R is linear C21H43 (complexes 1a, 1b), CH2CMe3 (2a, 2b), 1-adamantyl (3a, 3b) and benzyl (4a, 4b), have been prepared and characterized by spectroscopic methods. Structures of complexes 2b, 3a and 4a were determined by X-ray diffraction analysis. Complexes prepared show low to moderate catalytic activity in polymerization of phenylacetylene in THF giving high-cis-transoid polymers, but they show only oligomerization activity in dichloromethane.

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