Controlled Synthesis, Mechanism and Degradation Property of Birnessite-MnO2 Nanoflowers and Nanoflakes

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 4846-4851
Author(s):  
Xin-Li Hao ◽  
Yue-Hong Song ◽  
Lin-Yi Li ◽  
Lu-Feng Li ◽  
Shuo-Shuo Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Optical Property ◽  
Controlled Synthesis ◽  
Synthesis Mechanism ◽  
Oxidation Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Aqueous Oxidation ◽  
Degradation Properties ◽  
Scanning Electron

Birnessite-MnO2 nanoflakes were synthesized via an aqueous oxidation method at 90 °C using Mn(CH3COO)2, NaOH, and KMnO4. The samples’ morphology, crystalline structure, and optical property were determined by field emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction and UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The birnessite-MnO2 nanoflakes were converted to KxMn8O16 and Mn suboxides following a decrease in the concentration of KMnO4 in the reaction. The amount of NaOH in the reaction determined the type of precursor. Without NaOH, the precursor was converted from Mn(OH)2 to Mn2+ (from Mn(CH3COO)2), thereby enabling the synthesis of birnessite-MnO2 nanoflowers. The formation mechanism of birnessite-MnO2 nanoflowers and nanoflakes was clarified via the corresponding simulated crystal structures. Evaluation of the synthesized samples confirmed that the birnessite-MnO2 nanoflakes and nanoflowers exhibited excellent degradation properties.

scholarly journals Effect of Surfactant on Growth of ZnO Nanodumbbells and Their Characterization

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunil Babu Eadi ◽  
Sungjin Kim ◽  
Soon Wook Jeong
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Anionic Surfactant ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Controlled Synthesis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
One Step ◽  
Morphology Changes ◽  
Scanning Electron

We report the controlled synthesis of dumbbell shaped ZnO micro/nanostructures using anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) by simple one-step hydrothermal method. The morphology changes of ZnO were characterized by using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and energy dispersive spectroscopy. It is found that the size of the dumbbell increased with increase in concentration of SDS. Systematic growth mechanism with increase of concentration of SDS polymer is studied. Our results will help in the growing face selective ZnO for many functional applications.

Controlled Synthesis LaPO4 Nanorods via a Hydrothermal Route

2013 ◽  
Vol 873 ◽  
pp. 195-199
Author(s):  
Jie Dai ◽  
Kai Li Liu ◽  
Xia Li
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Photo Luminescence ◽  
Controlled Synthesis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Hydrothermal Route ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scanning Electron

LaPO4nanorods have been selectively synthesized via a hydrothermal route, using La (NO3)3·6H2O and NaH2PO4as raw materials, without using any catalyst or template. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), IR spectra (IR) and photo-luminescence (PL) spectra were used to characterize the as-prepared samples. The morphological changes of the products due to the different mole ratios of La (NO3)3·6H2O and NaH2PO4were studied. The effect of the thermal treatment on the structure of the LaPO4nanorods was also investigated. In addition, the emission intensity of LaPO4nanorods with different Eu doped concentration was compared and discussed.

One-Step Hydrothermal Controlled Synthesis of HgTe Nanorods

2013 ◽  
Vol 303-306 ◽  
pp. 2667-2670
Author(s):  
Kun Peng Jiang ◽  
Li Jiang ◽  
Lei Liao ◽  
Wei Ping Yu ◽  
Ai Miao Qin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Hydrothermal Synthesis ◽  
Controlled Synthesis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transition Electron Microscopy ◽  
One Step ◽  
Transition Electron ◽  
Scanning Electron

This paper describes a one-step hydrothermal synthesis of rod-shaped HgTe nanocrystals (NCs). X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), field scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transition electron microscopy (TEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) have been used to characterize the HgTe NCs. The length, diameter, surface roughness and the aspect ratio of the HgTe nanorods are well controlled through Te precursor, reaction time and reductant.

Synthesis and Characterizations of Nanoparticle Sulfur Using Eggshell Membrane as Template

2011 ◽  
Vol 675-677 ◽  
pp. 279-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xian Zhong Cheng ◽  
Kuang Cheng ◽  
Jin Liu ◽  
Xue Fang Sun
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Eggshell Membrane ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Synthesis Mechanism ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scherrer Formula ◽  
Scanning Electron

Nanoparticles of sulfur with an average diameter of 5-35 nm were successfully prepared using eggshell membrane (ESM) as template in the the presence of surfactant Tween-80. The products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The sizes of the nanoparticles sulfur were estimated by Debye-Scherrer formula according to XRD spectrum. Based on the detailed investigation, a possible synthesis mechanism is discussed here.

Synthesis, Characterization and the Growth Formation of Spindle-Like CdS Nanostructures

2011 ◽  
Vol 412 ◽  
pp. 159-162
Author(s):  
Shu Ling Liu ◽  
Qiang Qiang Shi ◽  
Jian Bo Tong ◽  
Shu Li ◽  
Miao Miao Li
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Optical Property ◽  
Blue Shift ◽  
Solvothermal Process ◽  
X Ray ◽  
One Step ◽  
Cds Nanostructures ◽  
Growth Formation ◽  
Scanning Electron

Spindle-like CdS structures were successfully synthesized via a simple one-step solvothermal process. The as-prepared products were characterization by X-ray powder diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and UV-vis absorption spectroscopy (UV-vis). By discussing the captive indimediates, the formation process of the spindle-like CdS structure was proposed as the splitting and the Oswald growth mechanism. The optical property of the as-prepared CdS showed obvious blue shift relative to the bulk CdS materials.

Identification of calcium oxalate crystals in dried or fixed tobacco leaf

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 288-289
Author(s):  
Vicki L. Baliga ◽  
Mary Ellen Counts
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Crystals ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Electron

Calcium is an important element in the growth and development of plants and one form of calcium is calcium oxalate. Calcium oxalate has been found in leaf seed, stem material plant tissue culture, fungi and lichen using one or more of the following methods—polarized light microscopy (PLM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and x-ray diffraction.Two methods are presented here for qualitatively estimating calcium oxalate in dried or fixed tobacco (Nicotiana) leaf from different stalk positions using PLM. SEM, coupled with energy dispersive x-ray spectrometry (EDS), and powder x-ray diffraction were used to verify that the crystals observed in the dried leaf with PLM were calcium oxalate.

Scanning Electron Microscopy and X-Ray Analyses of Dental Tissues from a Hibernator

1976 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 178-179
Author(s):  
M. L. Zimny ◽  
A. C. Haller
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Ground Squirrel ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Dental Tissues ◽  
Bone Minerals ◽  
Apical Tooth ◽  
Scanning Electron

During hibernation the ground squirrel is immobile, body temperature reduced and metabolism depressed. Hibernation has been shown to affect dental tissues varying degrees, although not much work has been done in this area. In limited studies, it has been shown that hibernation results in (1) mobilization of bone minerals; (2) deficient dentinogenesis and degeneration of alveolar bone; (3) presence of calculus and tears in the cementum; and (4) aggrevation of caries and pulpal and apical tooth abscesses. The purpose of this investigation was to study the effects of hibernation on dental tissues employing scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and related x-ray analyses.

Scanning Electron Microscopy and x-ray analysis of microparticles and early hydration effects

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 692-693
Author(s):  
Yun Lu ◽  
David C. Joy
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Morphological Development ◽  
Early Hydration ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Blended Cements ◽  
Powder Particles ◽  
Chemical Wastes ◽  
Scanning Electron

High resolution scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive x-ray analysis (EDXA) were performed to investigate microparticles in blended cements and their hydration products containing sodium-rich chemical wastes. The physical appearance of powder particles and the morphological development at different hydration stages were characterized by using high resolution SEM Hitachi S-900 and by SEM S-800 with a EDX spectrometer. Microparticles were dispersed on the sample holder and glued by 1% palomino solution. Hydrated bulk samples were dehydrated by acetone and mounted on the holder by silver paste. Both fracture surfaces and flat cutting sections of hydrating samples were prepared and examined. Some specimens were coated with an 3 nm thick Au-Pd or Cr layer to provide good conducting surfaces. For high resolution SEM S-900 observations the accelerating voltage of electrons was 1-2 KeV to protect the electron charging. Microchemical analyses were carried out by S800/EDS equipped with a LINK detector of take-off angle =40°.

Defects of Platelet Function Recognized by X-Ray Imaging and Scanning Electron Microscopy

1985 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 610-613
Author(s):  
M.G. Baldini ◽  
S. Morinaga ◽  
D. Minasian ◽  
R. Feder ◽  
D. Sayre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Imaging Technique ◽  
Human Platelets ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Imaging ◽  
Complex Phenomena ◽  
Scanning Electron

Contact X-ray imaging is presently developing as an important imaging technique in cell biology. Our recent studies on human platelets have demonstrated that the cytoskeleton of these cells contains photondense structures which can preferentially be imaged by soft X-ray imaging. Our present research has dealt with platelet activation, i.e., the complex phenomena which precede platelet appregation and are associated with profound changes in platelet cytoskeleton. Human platelets suspended in plasma were used. Whole cell mounts were fixed and dehydrated, then exposed to a stationary source of soft X-rays as previously described. Developed replicas and respective grids were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

Environmental scanning electron microscopy of fresh human gallstones reveals new morphologies of precipitated calcium salts

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1322-1323
Author(s):  
Howard S. Kaufman ◽  
Keith D. Lillemoe ◽  
John T. Mastovich ◽  
Henry A. Pitt
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Environmental Scanning ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Calcium Salts ◽  
Cholesterol Gallstones ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ca Carbonate ◽  
Scanning Electron

Gallstones contain precipitated cholesterol, calcium salts, and proteins. Calcium (Ca) bilirubinate, palmitate, phosphate, and carbonate occurring in gallstones have variable morphologies but characteristic windowless energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) spectra. Previous studies of gallstone microstructure and composition using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with EDX have been limited to dehydrated samples. In this state, Ca bilirubinates appear as either glassy masses, which predominate in black pigment stones, or as clusters, which are found mostly in cholesterol gallstones. The three polymorphs of Ca carbonate, calcite, vaterite, and aragonite, have been identified in gallstones by x-ray diffraction, however; the morphologies of these crystals vary in the literature. The purpose of this experiment was to study fresh gallstones by environmental SEM (ESEM) to determine if dehydration affects gallstone Ca salt morphology.Gallstones and bile were obtained fresh at cholecystectomy from 6 patients. To prevent dehydration, stones were stored in bile at 37°C. All samples were studied within 4 days of procurement.

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