Thermal hazards evaluation of insensitive JEOL-1 polymer bonded explosive

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 596-603
Author(s):  
Rui Yu ◽  
Shusen Chen ◽  
Guanchao Lan ◽  
Jing Li ◽  
Chenglong Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Ignition Time ◽  
Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Liquid Pool ◽  
Transient Temperature ◽  
Response Level ◽  
Thermal Hazards ◽  
Exponential Factor ◽  
Thermal Stimuli

Thermal stimuli is one of the major external stiumuli resulting from an overheated explosion of a munition. In order to evaluate the influence of external thermal stiumuli on the thermal hazards of JEOL-1 (32 wt% octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX), 32 wt% 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazole-5-one (NTO), 28 wt% Al and 8 wt% binder system) explosive, accelerating rate calorimeter (ARC) is used to study the adiabatic thermal decomposition properties of JEOL-1 molding powders, and the slow cook-off properties of JEOL-1 are studied by experimental test and numerical simulation. The activation energy Ea, pre-exponential factor A, mechanism function f(α) and self-accelerating decomposition temperature (SADT) of adiabatic thermal decomposition of JEOL-1 molding powders are obtained according to ARC results. The response level of JEOL-1 polymer bonded explosive (PBX) columns exposed to an engulfing liquid pool fire is examined by the slow cook-off test. The ignition location, ignition temperature, ignition time and the transient temperature distributions of JEOL-1 PBX columns during the slow cook-off are obtained by numerical simulation. It can be concluded from this study that JEOL-1 is a low vulnerable explosive with high thermal safety.

scholarly journals Impacts of Thermal Inertia Factor on Adiabatic Decomposition of 40% Mass Content DCP in Ethyl Benzene

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Xiaojuan Wu ◽  
Liping Chen ◽  
Guoning Rao ◽  
Wanghua Chen ◽  
Ruili Yin
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Thermal Inertia ◽  
Decomposition Reaction ◽  
Exothermic Peak ◽  
Ethyl Benzene ◽  
Mass Content ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Initial Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Thermal Hazards ◽  
Exponential Factor

To reduce the fire and explosion accident of dicumyl peroxide (DCP) in experiment and production, the thermal hazards of DCP and 40% mass content DCP in ethyl benzene (40% DCP) have been studied by the differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and the accelerating rate calorimeter (ARC) in this paper. DSC experiment showed that ethyl benzene has no effect on the characteristic parameters of thermal decomposition of DCP, such as the temperature of the exothermic peak (Tpeak) and the decomposition energy (Ea), and the thermal decomposition reaction of 40% DCP followed the one-step reaction principle. ARC experiment showed that with the increase of inertia factor (Φ), the measured initial decomposition temperature (Ton) would be higher and the caculated Ea and pre-exponential factor (A) would be greater. It was also proved that after modification of Φ, TD24 was relatively consistent near Ton, but different at higher temperatures. Fisher's correction method was used to verify the necessity of consistency between experimental conditions and prediction conditions.

scholarly journals Thermal Stability of Ionic Liquids: Current Status and Prospects for Future Development

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 337
Author(s):  
Chenqian Xu ◽  
Zhenmin Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Isoconversional Methods ◽  
Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Exponential Factor ◽  
Master Plots ◽  
Alkyl Side Chains

Ionic liquids (ILs) are the safest solvent in various high-temperature applications due to their non-flammable properties. In order to obtain their thermal stability properties, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) is extensively used to analyze the kinetics of the thermal decomposition process. This review summarizes the different kinetics analysis methods and finds the isoconversional methods are superior to the Arrhenius methods in calculating the activation energy, and two tools—the compensation effect and master plots—are suggested for the calculation of the pre-exponential factor. With both parameters, the maximum operating temperature (MOT) can be calculated to predict the thermal stability in long-term runnings. The collection of thermal stability data of ILs with divergent cations and anions shows the structure of cations such as alkyl side chains, functional groups, and alkyl substituents will affect the thermal stability, but their influence is less than that of anions. To develop ILs with superior thermal stability, dicationic ILs (DILs) are recommended, and typically, [C4(MIM)2][NTf2]2 has a decomposition temperature as high as 468.1 °C. For the convenience of application, thermal stability on the decomposition temperature and thermal decomposition activation energy of 130 ILs are summarized at the end of this manuscript.

Numerical Simulation on Dynamics and Thermal Decomposition of Spallation Polymer Particles Flying in Polymer Ablated Arcs

2015 ◽  
Vol 135 (11) ◽  
pp. 681-687 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takuya Nakagawa ◽  
Tomoyuki Nakano ◽  
Yasunori Tanaka ◽  
Yoshihiko Uesugi ◽  
Tatsuo Ishijima
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Polymer Particles

scholarly journals Isothermal Kinetic Analysis of the Thermal Decomposition of Wood Chips from an Apple Tree

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 195
Author(s):  
Ivan Vitázek ◽  
Martin Šotnar ◽  
Stella Hrehová ◽  
Kristína Darnadyová ◽  
Jan Mareček
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Apple Tree ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Reaction Model ◽  
Wood Chips ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Exponential Factor ◽  
Air Atmosphere ◽  
First Order Chemical Reaction ◽  
Isothermal Kinetic

The thermal decomposition of wood chips from an apple tree is studied in a static air atmosphere under isothermal conditions. Based on the thermogravimetric analysis, the values of the apparent activation energy and pre-exponential factor are 34 ± 3 kJ mol−1 and 391 ± 2 min−1, respectively. These results have also shown that this process can be described by the rate of the first-order chemical reaction. This reaction model is valid only for a temperature range of 250–290 °C, mainly due to the lignin decomposition. The obtained results are used for kinetic prediction, which is compared with the measurement. The results show that the reaction is slower at higher values of degree of conversion, which is caused by the influence of the experimental condition. Nevertheless, the obtained kinetic parameters could be used for the optimization of the combustion process of wood chips in small-scale biomass boilers.

scholarly journals Structures and Properties of Self - crosslinking Silicone Resin

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 02019
Author(s):  
Yong-xin Zhao ◽  
Ying-qiang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Light Transmittance ◽  
Silicone Resin ◽  
Structures And Properties ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Good Heat Resistance ◽  
Good Heat

Highly transparent silicone resin with self-crosslinking structure was prepared using phenyltrimethoxysilane, diphenyldimethoxysilane, 1,3,5,7-cyclotetra(methyl siloxane) and bisvinyltetramethyldisiloxane as main raw materials. The structure of silicone resin was determined by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR). The light transmittance was measured by UV-Vis spectroscopy. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was used to study the thermal decomposition process. The microstructure of cured self-crosslinking silicone resin is more uniform, resulting in better light transmittance up to 100% in the range of 400nm ~ 800nm. The cured has relatively good heat resistance, the initial thermal decomposition temperature of the cured could be up to 315.8 °C. SEM observations show that the self-crosslinking silicone has a uniform, textured structure, higher transparency compared with the existing condensation silicone material, and can be used as advanced architectural translucent materials and optics packaging materials.

Experimental and numerical simulation study of the thermal hazards of four azo compounds

2019 ◽  
Vol 365 ◽  
pp. 164-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shang-Hao Liu ◽  
Chen-Rui Cao ◽  
Wei-Cheng Lin ◽  
Chi-Min Shu
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Simulation Study ◽  
Azo Compounds ◽  
Thermal Hazards

Size-dependent thermal decomposition and kinetics of ultrafine alkali metal styphnates

RSC Advances ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (74) ◽  
pp. 39463-39471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Liu ◽  
Wenyuan Zhao ◽  
Tonglai Zhang ◽  
Li Yang ◽  
Zunning Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Alkali Metal ◽  
Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Size Dependent ◽  
Kinetics Of

The styphnate of smaller size possesses lower decomposition temperature and higher reactivity.

scholarly journals Preparation of Few-Layered WS2 and Its Thermal Catalysis for Dihydroxylammonium-5,5′-Bistetrazole-1,1′-Diolate

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Yiping Shang ◽  
Wu Yang ◽  
Yabei Xu ◽  
Siru Pan ◽  
Huayu Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Thermal Excitation ◽  
Layered Semiconductor ◽  
Initial Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Thermal Decomposition Behavior ◽  
Decomposition Behavior ◽  
Catalytic Effects

In this study, few-layered tungsten disulfide (WS2) was prepared using a liquid phase exfoliation (LPE) method, and its thermal catalytic effects on an important kind of energetic salts, dihydroxylammonium-5,5′-bistetrazole-1,1′-diolate (TKX-50), were investigated. Few-layered WS2 nanosheets were obtained successfully from LPE process. And the effects of the catalytic activity of the bulk and few-layered WS2 on the thermal decomposition behavior of TKX-50 were studied by using synchronous thermal analysis (STA). Moreover, the thermal analysis data was analyzed furtherly by using the thermokinetic software AKTS. The results showed the WS2 materials had an intrinsic thermal catalysis performance for TKX-50 thermal decomposition. With the few-layered WS2 added, the initial decomposition temperature and activation energy (Ea) of TKX-50 had been decreased more efficiently. A possible thermal catalysis decomposition mechanism was proposed based on WS2. Two dimensional-layered semiconductor WS2 materials under thermal excitation can promote the primary decomposition of TKX-50 by enhancing the H-transfer progress.

scholarly journals Thermodynamics and Kinetic Modeling of the ZnSO4.H2O Thermal Decomposition in the Presence of a Pd/Al2O3 Catalyst

Energies ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 548
Author(s):  
Gabriela V. T. Kurban ◽  
Artur S. C. Rego ◽  
Nathalli M. Mello ◽  
Eduardo A. Brocchi ◽  
Rogério C. S. Navarro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Zinc Sulfate ◽  
Thermodynamic Assessment ◽  
Reaction System ◽  
Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Kinetic Behavior ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Al2o3 Catalyst ◽  
Iodine Reaction

The sulfur–iodine thermochemical water-splitting cycle is a promising route proposed for hydrogen production. The decomposition temperature remains a challenge in the process. Catalysts, such as Pd supported on Al2O3, are being considered to decrease reaction temperatures. However, little is known regarding the kinetic behavior of such systems. In this work, zinc sulfate thermal decomposition was studied through non-isothermal thermogravimetric analysis to understand the effect of a catalyst within the sulfur–iodine reaction system context. The findings of this analysis were also related to a thermodynamic assessment. It was observed that the presence of Pd/Al2O3 modified the reaction mechanism, possibly with some intermediate reactions that were suppressed or remarkably accelerated. The proposed model suggests that zinc sulfate transformation occurred in two sequential stages without the Pd-based material. Activation energy values of 238 and 368 kJ.mol−1 were calculated. In the presence of Pd/Al2O3, an activation energy value of 204 kJ.mol−1 was calculated, which is lower than observed previously.

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