Application of Nanobubble-Based Ultrasound Combined with General Anesthesia for the Treatment of Colon Cancer Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1532-1537
Author(s):  
Yanming Qiu ◽  
Yujian Li ◽  
Chengyun Fan
Keyword(s):  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Radical Resection ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Anesthesia Induction ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Ultrasonic Dispersion ◽  
Consumption Index

The nanobubble has recently become a new method to diagnose tumors. In this paper, nanobubble was prepared as follows. First, distearoylphosphatidylcholine and polyethylene glycol-distearyl phosphatidyl ethanolamine were dissolved in 8:1 chloroform/ethanol, and then PBS buffer was added, followed by ultrasonic dispersion for 30 s, and a 65 °C water bath to completely evaporate the organic solvent. Next, 1.5 mL liposome suspension obtained was transferred in a 5 mL conical flask, with 2.5 mL perfluoropropane injected, followed by sonication for 1 min. Finally, the nanobubble was obtained. In this study, 30 patients with colon cancer who underwent radical resection of colon cancer divided into 2 groups with 15 patients in each group. Controls were treated with sham irradiation, while ultrasonic treatment group (DUS treatment group) was treated with ultrasonic irradiation (1 W/cm2 + 3 min) combined with intravenous injection of nanobubbles. The outcome indexes of the two groups were recorded before anesthesia induction (T1), after surgery (T2), 3 days after surgery (T3), and 7 days after surgery (T4). It was found that, the concentration of nanobubble was 1.5 × 108/mL, and the average particle size was 457.23 ±6.24 nm. Control group and DUS treatment group had lower heart rates (HR) at T2 versus that at T1 (P < 0.05). Also, the mean arterial pressure (MAP) of two groups at T2 (89.67±8.69 mmHg, 96.24 ±8.54 mmHg) was also lower versus that at T1 (P < 0.05). For the saturation of central venous oxygen (ScvO2), O2 transport index (DO2I), and O2 consumption index (VO2I) of two groups, the values at time T2–T4 were all superior to those at time T1 (P < 0.05). Ultrasonic technology based on nanobubble combined with general anesthesia can better maintain the stability of hemodynamics during surgery than conventional ultrasound.

scholarly journals Effects of COX 1-2 Inhibitors on Prevention of Rocuronium Injection Pain: Controlled, Randomised, Double Blind Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Sahap ◽  
Handan Gulec ◽  
Esra ozayar ◽  
Ozlem zdemir ◽  
Merve Kacan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Anesthesia Induction ◽  
Movement Response ◽  
Rocuronium Bromide ◽  
Cox Inhibitors ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Withdrawal Response ◽  
Group 1

Purpose : Rocuronium bromide is a painful agent while general anesthesia induction. The aim of the study is to investigate the effects of cox inhibitors as a resque agent against the rocuronium pain Methodology : Sixty patients enrolled for the general anesthesia enrolled in this study. Patients were allocated into two groups (Group 1: Dexkethoprofen group, Group 2: Control group) .Pain was evaluated by during rocuronium injection, patients were scored by a scale showed below. 0;No movement response to injection 1;Mild movement response to injection 2;Hand withdrawal response to injection 3;Arm withdrawal response to injection We also evaluated the pain with 2 questions when the patient was in the recovery room.Question 1.What was the last feeling before you fall into sleep? and question 2. Did you feel any pain on your hand during medication injection for anesthesia? Results:There were differences between the groups in terms of total pain score for example in group 1 there were 16 (53%) patients who did not make any movement during rocuronium injection while there were 22 (73%) patients in group 2.There was significant difference in injection rocuronium bromide pain between group 1: dexkethoprofen group, Group 2: control group in terms of the answer to the second question.Patients felt less pain than the control group. Conclusion:The effect of cox inhibitors on rocuronium pain was seen in our study but check is also effective in reducing pain in vascular width.

FeCl2–CaCl2 melt volumetric reduction by calcium dissolved in calcium chloride

2018 ◽  
pp. 4-10
Author(s):  
V. V. Polyakov ◽  
A. V. Babin ◽  
V. A. Lebedev
Keyword(s):  
Iron Powder ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Ultrasonic Dispersion ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Reduction Of Iron ◽  
Fine Iron ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Average Size ◽  
Temperature Aging

The purpose of this study is to obtain highly dispersed powder suitable for spheroidization for further application in additive technologies. Volumetric reduction of the FeCl2–CaCl2melt by calcium dissolved in CaCl2produced fine iron powder. The process consisted of three stages: preparation of melts containing FeCl2and Ca, their mixing and high-temperature aging at 800 °C for 1 hour. At the end of the process the frozen melt was divided into upper and bottom parts. The product from the upper part had a specific surface area of 7,60 m2/g, and for the lower part it was 5,38 m2/g, Average particle size was 157 μm for the former and 124 μm for the latter. After ultrasonic dispersion, it was reduced to 26 μm and 71 μm, respectively. Quantitative X-ray phase analysis showed that the main phase of powder is metallic iron (more than 97 wt.%). Therefore, research originality is the use of volumetric, intensive reduction of iron from chloride melts by calcium dissolved in its chloride. The uniqueness of the study consists in the product obtained, i.e. the main part of reduced iron is in the melt volume as linear aggregates 40 to 600 μm in length, 10 to 50 μm in diameter that are easily broken by ultrasonic dispersion into individual crystals with an average size of 26 μm. The results of the study demonstrated the feasibility of calcium-thermal production of fine iron powder.

scholarly journals Aggregation of Nanochemical Microcrystals in Urine Promotes the Formation of Urinary Calculi

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Yanting Lou ◽  
Wei He ◽  
Zhengyao Song
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Pore Size ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Urinary Calculi ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Public Attention ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Experimental Group

With the increasing incidence and recurrence rate of urinary calculi, urinary calculi have become a serious health risk, and the research on urinary calculi has become the focus of public attention. At present, the research results on the formation mechanism of urinary calculi are not ideal, and there is no unified conclusion. In order to further study the influencing factors of the formation of urinary calculi and provide new ideas for the prevention and clinical treatment of urinary calculi, the influence of agglomeration of nanochemical microcrystals in urine on urinary calculi was studied in this paper. In this study, fresh morning urine was collected from 10 urological stone patients and 10 healthy controls without urological stone in the urology department of a hospital. After processing the experimental specimens, we first use flame atomic absorption spectrometry and alcian blue colorimetric method to detect the content of Ca2+ and citrate in the urine and then use the nanoparticle size analyzer to detect the microcrystals in the urine. Diameter, distribution, degree of aggregation and potential, and finally HRTEM observation to observe the morphology, chemical composition, and element composition of the nanocrystals. The results showed that the content of Ca2+ and lemon hydrochloric acid in the urine of the experimental group was lower than that of the control group. The particle size of the nanocrystals increased with the increase in the pore size of the membrane. The average particle size of the experimental group increased gradually from 163 ± 31 nm to 3219 ± 863 nm, while the average particle size of the control group increased from 183 ± 65 nm to 997 ± 522 nm. The mean value of the potential decreased with the increase in the pore size of the filter membrane. The change amplitude of the experimental group was 6.57 mV, while the change amplitude of the control group was only 1.75 mV. In the composition of nanocrystals, element O accounts for the most, accounting for 42.54% of all elements. This indicates that the aggregation of nanocrystals in urine will lead to the rapid increase in the size of nanocrystals, which will eventually lead to the formation of stones.

scholarly journals Study on stability and in vitro digestion of camellia oil nanoemulsion system

2020 ◽  
Vol 189 ◽  
pp. 02010
Author(s):  
Zheng Xiaoyan ◽  
Zheng Lili ◽  
Sun Yaxin ◽  
Yang Yang ◽  
Ai Binling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Protein Isolate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Gastrointestinal Digestion ◽  
Soybean Protein Isolate ◽  
Camellia Oil ◽  
Tea Saponin

The soy protein isolate (SPI) was combined with tea saponin as an emulsifier to prepare camellia oil nanoemulsion, and the stability of camellia oil nanoemulsion was compared with that of soybean protein isolate or tea saponin as emulsifier. The effects of different pH, ionic strength, heating temperature and storage time on the average particle size, ξ-potential and microstructure of camellia oil nanoemulsion prepared by three emulsifiers were studied. The results showed that the nanoemulsions prepared by combining natural emulsifiers (SPI-TS) in the pH range of 5-9 were stable and remained stable in the range of 0-300mm NaCl concentration, but had poor tolerance to high salt environment. After heating at different temperatures (30 °C-90 °C) for 30min, the average particle size, ξ-potential and microstructure of the three emulsions did not change significantly, showing good heating stability. At different storage temperatures (4, 25, 50°C) SPI-TS and TS emulsion could exist stably about four weeks, and had good storage stability. In addition, we performed in vitro simulated gastrointestinal digestion studies on the digestive properties of camellia oil nanoemulsions. The results showed that the particle size, the ξ-potential of the nanoemulsion changes depend on the type of emulsifier during digestion. The release rate of free fat acids (FFAs) of nanoemulsions after gastrointestinal digestion were all higher than that of the control group. The results showed that the nanoemulsion delivery system could effectively improve the digestion of camellia oil, It was important to improve the bioavailability of camellia oil.

Clinical Effect of Small-Dose Dexmedetomidine Combined with Oxycodone for Patient-Controlled Analgesia After Colon Cancer Surgery

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 435-443
Author(s):  
Xi Zhan ◽  
Chang-Cheng Lei ◽  
Hai-Xia Jiang ◽  
Fei Qiao
Keyword(s):  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Visceral Pain ◽  
Postoperative Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Radical Resection ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Rescue Analgesia ◽  
Background Infusion ◽  
Post Operation ◽  
Lockout Interval ◽  
Experimental Group

This study aimed to elucidate the efficacy and safety of oxycodone combined with dexmedetomidine for patientcontrolled analgesia after colon cancer. Sixty patients were randomly divided into the experimental and control groups (n = 30 each). The control group received 0.5 mg/kg oxycodone. The experimental group received 0.5 mg/kg oxycodone and 2 μg/kg dexmedetomidine. Both groups were administered normal saline (NS) up to 100 mL (via background infusion at 2 mL/h with a 0.5-mL bolus dose and 15-min lockout interval). Both groups received oxycodone 0.1 mg/kg and tropisetron 5 mg, 20 min before the end of surgery. The MAP and HR of T1, T2, T3, and T4 were recorded in three groups. After the operation, a blinded observer assessed pain using the visual analogue scale (VAS) score, level of sedation (Ramsay score), and postoperative nausea and vomiting score at 2, 6, 24, 48 h. Side effects included dizziness, shivering, headache, and pruritus. The results showed that, in the experimental group, the T2∼T5 activity pain and T2∼T4 visceral pain VAS scores of patients were obviously lower than those in the control group (activity pain P T2∼T5 = 0.000, visceral pain P T2 = 0.018, P T3 = 0.001, P T4 = 0.010). The dosage of analgesic pump and number of rescue analgesia occurrences in the experimental group were far lower than those in the control group (P = 0.000 and P = 0.029, respectively). The time of first anus exhaust of the patients in the experimental group was obviously earlier than that of the control group (P = 0.030), and the number of vomiting occurrences of the patients in the experiment group was obviously lower than that in the control group (P = 0.023). No significant differences in the incidence of other adverse reactions were observed between the two groups within 48 h post-operation (P >0.05). In summary, oxycodone combined with dexmedetomidine can be safely and effectively used for analgesia after laparoscopic radical resection of colon cancer.

scholarly journals Tennis Rehabilitation Training-Assisted Paclitaxel Nanoparticles in Treatment of Lung Tumor

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Di Hu ◽  
YiMin Yang
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Lung Tumor ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Tumor Development ◽  
Lung Tumors ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Rehabilitation Training ◽  
Size And Morphology

Paclitaxel nanoparticles are a compound with unique anticancer effects. Its mechanism of action is to prevent tumor rupture by stabilizing tumor proteins, while preventing cell division, leading to cell death, thereby inhibiting the spread of lung tumors. This article aims to study the treatment of lung tumors with paclitaxel nanoparticles assisted by tennis rehabilitation training. In this paper, paclitaxel nanoparticles were prepared by a solvent displacement method, and their particle size and morphology were measured. The TA2 series of experimental rats were selected to establish animal lung tumor models, and they were randomly divided into 5 groups: local injection of saline, porphyrin, and low-, medium-, and high-dose paclitaxel nanoparticles for treatment. The experimental results in this paper show that the average particle size of the paclitaxel nanoparticles prepared in the experiment is about 153,54 nm. Each treatment group inhibited tumor development to varying degrees. Among them, the inhibitory volume rate of paclitaxel nanoparticles in the middle- and high-dose groups was significantly higher than that in the paclitaxel treatment group, indicating that paclitaxel nanoparticles can release drugs slowly.

scholarly journals A small dose of remifentanil pretreatment suppresses sufentanil-induced cough during general anesthesia induction: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendong Lin ◽  
Jiehao Sun ◽  
Shuying Fu
Keyword(s):  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Small Dose ◽  
Elective Surgery ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Anesthesia Induction ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Size Groups

Abstract Background: Intravenous use of sufentanil can elicit cough. This study aimed to evaluate the inhibitory effect of pre-injection of a mall dose of remifentanil on sufentanil-induced cough during the induction of general anesthesia. Methods: This prospective, randomized, controlled trial was conducted from January 10, 2019 to March 01, 2019. A total of 100 patients undergoing elective surgery under general anesthesia were enrolled, and at last 84 patients were included and randomly allocated into two equal size groups (n=42): Patients in the Remifentanil group (R group) received an intravenous infusion of remifentanil 0.3 µg/kg (diluted to 2 ml) 1 minute before sufentanil injection; patients in the Control group (C group) received 2 ml of normal saline (NS) at the same time point. Injections of patients in both groups were completed within 5 seconds. Then, sufentanil 0.5 µg/kg was injected within 5 seconds and the number of coughs that occurred within 1 minute after sufentanil injection were recorded. One minute after sufentanil injection, etomidate 0.3 mg/kg and cisatracurium 0.15 mg/kg were given for general anesthesia induction irrespective of the presence or absence of cough. The mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) at time points just before remifentanil pretreatment administration (T0), 3 minutes after administration (T1), 1 minute after intubation (T2), and 3 minutes after intubation (T3) were recorded. Results: The incidence of cough in patients in the R group and C group was 4.8% and 31%, respectively. Compared with group C, the incidence and severity of cough in group R was significantly lower (P <0.01). No significant differences were observed in MAP and HR at the time of general anesthesia induction between the two groups (P> 0.05). Conclusion: Pretreatment with a small dose of remifentanil effectively and safely reduced the incidence and severity of cough induced by sufentanil during anesthesia induction and can be used as an alternative treatment to inhibit coughing caused by sufentanil.

scholarly journals Effects of Esketamine on Acute and Chronic Pain After Thoracoscopy Pulmonary Surgery Under General Anesthesia: A Multicenter-Prospective, Randomized, Double-Blind, and Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yishan Lei ◽  
Huayue Liu ◽  
Fan Xia ◽  
Shulin Gan ◽  
Yulan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Pain Management ◽  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Analgesic Effect ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Anesthesia Induction ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Vas Score ◽  
Pulmonary Surgery

Background: Post-operative pain management for patients undergoing thoracoscopy surgery is challenging for clinicians which increase both health and economic burden. The non-selective NMDA receptor antagonist esketamine possesses an analgesic effect twice that of ketamine. The application of esketamine might be beneficial in alleviating acute and chronic pain after thoracic surgery. The current study describes the protocol aiming to evaluate the analgesic effect of esketamine after pulmonary surgery via visual analog scale (VAS) score for acute and chronic pain.Methods: A multi-center, prospective, randomized, controlled, double-blind study is designed to explore the analgesic effect of esketamine in randomized patients undergoing video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) with general anesthesia. Patients will be randomly assigned to Esketamine Group (Group K) and Control Group (Group C) in a ratio of 1:1. Group K patients will receive esketamine with a bolus of 0.1 mg/kg after anesthesia induction, 0.1 mg/kg/h throughout the operation and 0.015 mg/kg/h in PCIA after surgery while Group C patients will receive the same volume of normal saline. The primary outcome is to measure the pain intensity through the VAS score at 3 months after the operation. The secondary outcome includes VAS score at 1, 4, 8, 24, and 48 h and on the 7th day and 1 month after the operation, complications, ketamine-related neurological side effects, recovery time of bowel function, and total amount of supplemental analgesics.Discussion: The results of the current study might illustrate the analgesic effect of esketamine for patients undergoing thoracoscopy pulmonary surgery and provide evidence and insight for perioperative pain management.Study Registration: The trial was registered with Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (CHICTR) on Nov 18th, 2020 (ChiCTR2000040012).

scholarly journals Ketorolac tromethamine pretreatment suppresses sufentanil-induced cough during general anesthesia induction: a prospective randomized controlled trial

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Tian ◽  
Bei Hu ◽  
Min Miao ◽  
Lulu Zhang ◽  
Lin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Elective Surgery ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Anesthesia Induction ◽  
Observation Group ◽  
Ketorolac Tromethamine ◽  
Clinical Trial Registry ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background: To observe the effect about pretreatment of ketorolac tromethamine on sufentanil-induced cough in general anesthesia patients. Methods: 102 patients were screened, and a total of 90 patients were scheduled for elective surgery under general anesthesia. 90 patients were randomly divided into two groups: the control group（C group）and the observation group（KT group）. 5 minutes before anesthesia induction, observation group were given ketorolac tromethamine 0.5mg/kg intravenously within 3 s, while the control group were given the same amount of normal saline intravenously. All patients were given a sufentanil bolus of 0.5 ug/kg（within 3 s）intravenously,1 minute later, propofol 2.5mg/kg, vecuronium 0.15mg/kg were injected intravenously, and endotracheal intubation was guided by laryngoscope. The number of coughs that occurred within 1 min after sufentanil injection were recorded. The mean arterial pressure (MAP)，heart rate (HR) and pulse oxygen saturation(SpO2) were recorded at T0 (immediately before pretreatment), T1 (5 minutes after pretreatment), T2（before intubation），T3 (1 min after intubation) and T4 (5 min after intubation).The incidence of adverse reactions were analyzed. Results: Within 1 min after sufentanil injection, the incidence and severity of cough in KT group was significantly lower than that in C group ( P < 0.05). At the time points of T0, T1, T2, T3 and T4, there was no significant difference in MAP, HR and SpO2 between the two groups ( P > 0.05). And there was no significant difference in the dosage of sufentanil, propofol, remifentanil and vecuronium, incidence of nausea and vomiting, delay of recovery, dizziness, drowsiness and respiratory depression between the two groups( P > 0.05). However, there were significant differences in the number of restlessness during waking period ( P < 0.05). Conclusion: Pretreatment of intravenous ketorolac tromethamine can significantly reduce the incidence of sufentanil-induced cough during induction period of general anesthesia patients, and can also significantly reduce the restlessness during recovery period of patients. Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (registration number# ChiCTR2000030287; date of registration: 27/02/2020).

scholarly journals Efficacy of Ginsenoside Rg3 Nanoparticles Against Ehrlich Solid Tumor Growth in Mice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mona A El-Banna ◽  
Omnia M Hendawy ◽  
Aziza A El-Nekeety ◽  
Mosaad A. Abdel-Wahhab
Keyword(s):  
Solid Tumors ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Gum Arabic ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Ginsenoside Rg3 ◽  
Ehrlich Ascites

Abstract Solid tumors are fairly common and face many clinical difficulties since they are hardly surgically resectable and broadly do not respond to radiation and chemotherapy. The current study aimed to fabricate ginsenoside Rg3 nanoparticles (Rg3-NPs) and evaluate their antitumor effect against Ehrlich solid tumors (EST) in mice. Rg3-NPs were fabricated using whey protein isolates (WPI), maltodextrin (MD), and gum Arabic (GA). EST was developed by the injection of mice with Ehrlich ascites cells (2.5 x 106). The mice were divided into a control group, EST group, and the EST groups that were treated orally 2 weeks for with normal Rg3 (3 mg/kg b.w), Rg3-NPs at a low dose (3 mg/kg b.w), and Rg3-NPs at a high dose (6 mg/kg b.w). Serum and solid tumors were collected for different assays. The results revealed that synthesized Rg3-NPs showed a spherical shape with an average particle size of 20 nm and zeta potential of -5.58 mV. The in vivo study revealed that EST mice showed a significant increase in AFP, Casp3, TNF-α, MMP-9, VEGF, MDA DNA damage accompanied by a significant decrease in SOD and GPx. Treatment with Rg3 or Rg3-NPs decreased the tumor weight and size and induced a significant improvement in all the biochemical parameters. Rg3-NPs were more effective than Rg3 and the improvement was dose-dependent. It could be concluded that fabrication of Rg3-NPs enhanced the protective effect against EST development which may be due to the synergistic effect of Rg3 and MD, GA, and WPI.

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