scholarly journals Multiple cancer-specific antigens are targeted by a chimeric antigen receptor on a single cancer cell

JCI Insight ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (23) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanran He ◽  
Karin Schreiber ◽  
Steven P. Wolf ◽  
Frank Wen ◽  
Catharina Steentoft ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Chimeric Antigen Receptor ◽  
Antigen Receptor ◽  
Multiple Cancer ◽  
Specific Antigens ◽  
Single Cancer

scholarly journals Multiple cancer-specific antigens are targeted by a chimeric antibody receptor on a single cancer cell

JCI Insight ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (21) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanran He ◽  
Karin Schreiber ◽  
Steven P. Wolf ◽  
Frank Wen ◽  
Catharina Steentoft ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Chimeric Antibody ◽  
Multiple Cancer ◽  
Specific Antigens ◽  
Single Cancer

scholarly journals ENHANCING THE POTENCIES OF CHIMERIC ANTIGEN RECEPTOR T CELL (CAR T CELL) BY CRISPR/CAS9 SYSTEM TO ERADICATE RETINOBLASTOMA

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-82
Author(s):  
Yehuda Tri Nugroho Supranoto ◽  
Muhammad Yuda Nugraha ◽  
Astuti Setyawardani
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Chimeric Antigen Receptor ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Antigen Receptor ◽  
Car T Cell ◽  
Programmed Death ◽  
Car T ◽  
Engineered T Cells ◽  
Specific Antigens

Retinoblastoma (RB) is the most common primary intraocular malignancy of childhood. There is no therapies that can eradicate specifically the whole cancer cells without any side effects. The disialoganglioside 2 (GD2), one of the cancer’s cell markers that can be treated using immunotherapy, is expressed in RB. Through this fact, immunotherapy based on chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-engineered T cells targeting cancer-specific antigens has shown great potential in treating this cancer. Although in recent studies show that immune cells are not able to destroy cancer cells because in every cancer cells there is protein programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1). This literature review also shows the potential technology using Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)-CRISPR associated protein (Cas9) method to silence PD-1 in CAR T cell, so PD-L1 can not deactivate CAR T Cell through PD-1 signaling. The combination using CAR T cell and CRISPR-Cas9 will be the great therapy to eradicate RB without any side effect.

scholarly journals Genome Editing as a Vehicle to Drive Successful Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell Therapies to the Clinic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caitlin R Hopkins ◽  
Joseph A Fraietta
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Genome Editing ◽  
Chimeric Antigen Receptor ◽  
Gene Editing ◽  
Antigen Receptor ◽  
Cell Therapies ◽  
Car T Cells ◽  
Car T Cell ◽  
Car T ◽  
Specific Antigens

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells have emerged as an effective therapy for patients with relapsed and refractory haematological malignancies. However, there are many challenges preventing clinical efficacy and thus broader translation of this approach. These hurdles include poor autologous T cell fitness, manufacturing issues and lack of conserved tumour-restricted antigens to target. Recent efforts have been directed toward incorporating genome editing technologies to address these challenges and develop potent CAR T cell therapies for a diverse array of haematopoietic cancers. In this review, the authors discuss gene editing strategies that have been employed to augment CAR T cell fitness, generate allogeneic ‘off-the-shelf’ CAR T cell products, and safely target elusive myeloid and T cell cancers that often lack appropriate tumour-specific antigens.

scholarly journals T Cell Engaging Immunotherapies, Highlighting Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T Cell Therapy

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 6067
Author(s):  
Elien De Bousser ◽  
Nico Callewaert ◽  
Nele Festjens
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Chimeric Antigen Receptor ◽  
Antigen Receptor ◽  
T Cell Therapy ◽  
Car T Cell ◽  
Car T Cell Therapy ◽  
Car T ◽  
The Us ◽  
Specific Antigens

In the past decade, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell technology has revolutionized cancer immunotherapy. This strategy uses synthetic CARs to redirect the patient’s own immune cells to recognize specific antigens expressed on the surface of tumor cells. The unprecedented success of anti-CD19 CAR T cell therapy against B cell malignancies has resulted in its approval by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2017. However, major scientific challenges still remain to be addressed for the broad use of CAR T cell therapy. These include severe toxicities, limited efficacy against solid tumors, and immune suppression in the hostile tumor microenvironment. Furthermore, CAR T cell therapy is a personalized medicine of which the production is time- and resource-intensive, which makes it very expensive. All these factors drive new innovations to engineer more powerful CAR T cells with improved antitumor activity, which are reviewed in this manuscript.

Chimeric antigen receptor T in the treatment of multiple myeloma – state of the art and future directions

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 120-124
Author(s):  
Dominik Dytfeld
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Chimeric Antigen Receptor ◽  
Cellular Therapy ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Antigen Receptor ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Adoptive Cellular Therapy ◽  
B Cell Maturation ◽  
Complexity Cost

AbstractIn spite of the introduction of several new drugs in the last 10 years, multiple myeloma (MM) remains incurable. Thus, an adoptive cellular therapy using chimeric antigen receptor T (CART), a strategy to increase the frequency of tumor-directed and functionally active T cells targeting antigens present on the cancer cell, might change the treatment in MM as it did in lymphoma and ALL. There are several targets for CART therapy in MM on different levels of development, which are discussed in the manuscript. B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) being tested in the studies of phase 1–2 is the most promising, but so far CART has not been approved in the cure of MM and remains an experimental approach. The hematological society is facing a new technology which with its potential ability to cure MM, in spite of its complexity, cost, and toxicity, will definitely and soon change the landscape of myeloma in Europe and world-wide.

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