scholarly journals Speciation of Organic Aerosols in the Tropical Mid-Pacific and Their Relationship to Light Scattering

2004 ◽  
Vol 61 (21) ◽  
pp. 2544-2558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen K. Crahan ◽  
Dean A. Hegg ◽  
David S. Covert ◽  
Haflidi Jonsson ◽  
Jeffrey S. Reid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Light Scattering ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Mass Gain ◽  
Organic Component ◽  
Research Platform ◽  
Marine Air ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Aerosol Hygroscopicity

Abstract Although the importance of the aerosol contribution to the global radiative budget has been recognized, the forcings of aerosols in general, and specifically the role of the organic component in these forcings, still contain large uncertainties. In an attempt to better understand the relationship between the background forcings of aerosols and their chemical speciation, marine air samples were collected off the windward coast of Oahu, Hawaii, during the Rough Evaporation Duct project (RED) using filters mounted on both the Twin Otter aircraft and the Floating Instrument Platform (FLIP) research platform. Laboratory analysis revealed a total of 17 species, including 4 carboxylic acids and 2 carbohydrates that accounted for 74% ± 20% of the mass gain observed on the shipboard filters, suggesting a possible significant unresolved organic component. The results were correlated with in situ measurements of particle light scattering (σsp) at 550 nm and with aerosol hygroscopicities. Principal component analysis revealed a small but ubiquitous pollution component affecting the σsp and aerosol hygroscopicity of the remote marine air. The Princeton Organic-Electrolyte Model (POEM) was used to predict the growth factor of the aerosols based upon the chemical composition. This output, coupled with measured aerosol size distributions, was used to attempt to reproduce the observed σsp. It was found that while the POEM model was able to reproduce the expected trends when the organic component of the aerosol was varied, due to large uncertainties especially in the aerosol sizing measurements, the σsp predicted by the POEM model was consistently higher than observed.

In situ monitoring the role of citrate in chemical bath deposition of PbS thin films

CrystEngComm ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sucheta Sengupta ◽  
Maayan Perez ◽  
Alexander Rabkin ◽  
Yuval Golan
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Light Scattering ◽  
Optical Absorption ◽  
Chemical Bath Deposition ◽  
Trisodium Citrate ◽  
In Situ Monitoring ◽  
Cluster Mechanism ◽  
Absorption Measurements

We report the formation of size tunable PbS nanocubes induced by the presence of trisodium citrate during growth of PbS thin films by chemical bath deposition. The presence of citrate induces growth by the cluster mechanism which is monitored by XRD and HRSEM, along with real time light scattering and optical absorption measurements.

scholarly journals PERCEPTIONS AND ATTITUDES OF AIRLINE EMPLOYEES TOWARDS DIVERSITY. A QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-58
Author(s):  
MARIA NTOUMI
Keyword(s):  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Occupational Status ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Diversity Management ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Perceptions And Attitudes ◽  
The World ◽  
Diversity Strategy ◽  
The Relationship

As the world tourism market is continuously changing, travel by air is considered the most widespread mode of mass international tourism. Considering new ways of management that airlines need to adopt in order to have a well trained and qualified management team, this survey explored the attributes of airline employees and their interactions with diverse customers, and identified the sufficient role of employees’ training and the advantages of diversity management. Simple random sampling method was applied to gather 309 airline employees’ questionnaires on their attitudes towards diversity. Descriptive and inductive analyses were used in order to present the obtained data. Principal Component Analysis was conducted to predefine three factors. Pearson correlation coefficient was applied to present the direction of the relationship between extracted factors and employee’s occupational status. Authors’ findings emphasise that airline employees seek a workplace with a friendly atmosphere that respects the diversity of employees and customers and they in their turn support airlines to operate over the comfort zone in order to achieve organisation’s goals and customers’ satisfaction. As the world keeps advancing, planning a diversity strategy should be the first step any modern-day organisation should explore prior to embarking anything related to a diverse workplace.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Employees’ Job Satisfaction and Organizational Culture in Korea’s Manufacturing Industry: Focusing on Online Training Participation as a Moderator

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Hae Na Kim
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Organizational Culture ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Online Training ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Market Cultures ◽  
The Relationship

<p class="a">This study intends to address the relationship between job satisfaction of employees and organizational culture in Korea’s manufacturing industry. In particular, this research addresses the role of online training participation as a moderator for the relationship between organizational culture and job satisfaction. Principal component analysis and hierarchical regression analysis were applied using the Korean Human Capital Corporate Dataset. The result of this study indicates higher job satisfaction under Clan culture or Adhocracy and Market cultures. Also, online training participation can enhance employees' job satisfaction and online training participation has a moderating effect for Adhocracy and Market cultures and job satisfaction. Therefore, the manufacturing companies of Korea need to build Adhocracy and Market cultures and to encourage online training participation for employees' higher job satisfaction.</p>

Some Insights on the Role of Relative Humidity and Compaction on the Carbonation Rate of CaO/SiO2 (50/50) Clinker

2016 ◽  
Vol 711 ◽  
pp. 837-843
Author(s):  
Marco Agnelli ◽  
Bruno Huet ◽  
Vincent Briaud ◽  
Elodie André ◽  
Alexander Pisch
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Reaction Rate ◽  
Mass Gain ◽  
Testing Procedure ◽  
Phase Assemblage ◽  
Carbonation Reaction ◽  
Curing Conditions ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Mineralogical Assemblage

This paper focuses on the carbonation of non-hydraulic binders based primarily on wollastonite (CaSiO3) in order to study the relationship between clinker composition, curing conditions and compaction on carbonation reaction rate. Decoupled carbonation and drying experiments are carried out using cements at different CaO/SiO2 ratio, at 60 °C, 1 bar of CO2 and multiple RH (relative humidity) and compaction degrees. Solid analysis include mass gain or loss, TGA, XRF and Carbon/Hydrogen (CH) to determine respectively the bound H2O content, CO2 content and the mineralogical assemblage. Relative humidity strongly influences carbonation intrinsic reaction rate, while compaction seems to be a second order mechanism. Testing procedure can be used to discriminate the reactivity of clinkers with various initial phase assemblage.

scholarly journals Why not Seek Therapy? The Role of Stigma and Psychological Symptoms in College Students

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (67) ◽  
pp. 76-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Makilim Nunes Baptista ◽  
Cristian Zanon
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Public Stigma ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract: The decision to seek therapy can reduce psychological distress and factors like public stigma, self stigma, fear of self exposure to therapist, among others, may constitute barriers in this process. This study investigated: how is the group of variables described in the literature as predictors of seeking therapy, and the relationship of variables associated with stigma and depressive symptoms, anxiogenic symptoms and stress with this search. For this purpose, 272 students responded scales that assessed these variables. The principal component analysis indicated four clusters of variables (symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress; feelings of shame, inadequacy and inhibition; perception of benefits to seek therapy; self stigma and stigma by the others). These components are hierarchically inserted into the multiple regression, indicating that the symptoms have little importance compared to the attitude of seeking therapy and stigmas.

scholarly journals Role of Convective Precipitation in the Relationship between Subdaily Extreme Precipitation and Temperature

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (23) ◽  
pp. 9527-9537 ◽  
Author(s):  
In-Hong Park ◽  
Seung-Ki Min
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Extreme Precipitation ◽  
Physical Effect ◽  
Convective Precipitation ◽  
Statistical Effect ◽  
Convective Process ◽  
In Situ Observations ◽  
The Relationship

On a subdaily time scale, the intensities of extreme precipitation are observed to increase with temperature at a rate exceeding water vapor constraints determined by the Clausius–Clapeyron (C-C) relationship. This so-called super C-C scaling has been suggested to occur as a result of 1) the statistical effect that involves the transition of precipitation types from stratiform to convective events and 2) the physical effect by which the convective process itself can overcome the thermodynamic limitation. This study examines these two mechanisms for the super C-C relationship using in situ observations in South Korea for a recent 35-yr period, focusing on the role of convective rainfall. Scaling results show that hourly extreme precipitation undergoes a transition from a C-C rate to a super C-C rate at around 20°C, supporting the statistical effect. The transition temperature observed in South Korea is, however, much higher than in European regions (12°C), which seems to be due to the climatologically lower frequency of convective events in South Korea than in Europe. Nevertheless, the threshold fraction of convective precipitation when the scaling transition starts to occur is found to very similar between two regions, around 0.2, indicating the important role of convective events in shaping the scaling. On the other hand, convective extreme precipitation alone exhibits a super C-C scaling, suggesting that the physical effect is also at work in South Korea. Also, the scaling shows a robust peaklike shape with maximum precipitation intensity near 24°C, which is closely linked with moisture limitation at high temperature, supporting the previous findings.

Evidence of a union between organic carbon and water content in soil

2016 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hida R. Manns ◽  
Gary W. Parkin ◽  
Ralph C. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Texture ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Single Field ◽  
The Relationship

Soil organic matter, comprising ∼58% soil organic carbon (SOC), is attributed with increased water holding capacity in the surface horizon of agricultural soil. This paper addresses the role of SOC as a component of a common functional unit in soil from analysis within a single field and over multiple fields. Soil data measured on the fields during the SMAPVEX12 satellite prelaunch algorithm development campaign exhibited high correlation among SOC, field-mean soil water content (SWC), bulk density, and soil texture. The analysis extended over a wide range of soil texture and wetness in the top 5 cm of soil over 50 agricultural fields covering ∼400 km2 of southern Manitoba. Data collected over a much smaller area from Ontario silt loam soils at the Elora Research Centre demonstrated a similar correlation between SOC and SWC in intensive field sampling. This intercorrelation of SOC and SWC is examined with partial least-squares regression, principal component analysis, and geostatistical semivariograms. A model is proposed to interpret the feedback process between SOC and SWC to explain the persistent correlation. Further work to substantiate the strengths and limits of the relationship between SOC and SWC may be beneficial for estimating SWC for remote sensing, agriculture, hydrology, and ecosystem function.

scholarly journals Impact of Globalisation on Formal, Motivational and Strategic HRM Practices: An Empirical Evidence from India

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 3270-3276
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Hrm Practices ◽  
Hr Practices ◽  
Equation Modelling ◽  
Indian Firm ◽  
Three Bundles ◽  
Hr Managers ◽  
The Relationship

New economic development, which is a result of globalisation and internationalisation, has exerted tremendous pressure on the Indian human resource functions how to evolve itself and add the value to the outcome of the firm. The present paper precisely discusses the globalisation and its impact on the HRM practices of Indian firm in the light of new economic reforms. This study aims to examine the far-reaching changes in the pattern of HR practices owing to ever-increasing globalisation in India. The data were collected through the selfdeveloped questionnaire from 282 senior HR managers of Indian firms. The principal component analysis with varimax rotation generated three components from fifteen HR practices, namely Formal, Motivational and Strategic HR practices. Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) technique has been applied to understand the relationship between globalisation and three bundles of HR practices by using the SPSS Amos 22 software. The study findings suggest that the role of globalisation cannot be neglected. Indeed, The HR policies and practices of Indian firms are strongly influenced by the pace of globalisation of the Indian economy.

scholarly journals In-cloud measurements highlight the role of aerosol hygroscopicity in cloud droplet formation

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olli Väisänen ◽  
Antti Ruuskanen ◽  
Arttu Ylisirniö ◽  
Pasi Miettinen ◽  
Harri Portin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Droplet ◽  
Cloud Formation ◽  
Hygroscopic Growth ◽  
Cloud Droplets ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Hygroscopic Particles ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Aerosol Hygroscopicity

Abstract. The relationship between aerosol hygroscopicity and cloud droplet activation was studied at the Puijo measurement station in Kuopio, Finland, during the autumn 2014. The hygroscopic growth of 80, 120 and 150 nm particles was measured at 90 % relative humidity with a hygroscopic tandem differential mobility analyzer. Typically, the growth factor (GF) distributions appeared bimodal with clearly distinguishable peaks around 1.0‒1.1 and 1.4‒1.6. However, the relative contribution of the two modes appeared highly variable reflecting the varying presence of fresh anthropogenic particle emissions. The hygroscopicity-dependent activation properties were estimated in a case study comprising three separate cloud events with varying characteristics. At 120 and 150 nm, the activation efficiencies within the low- and high-GF modes varied between 0‒0.33 and 0.66‒0.86, respectively, indicating that the less hygroscopic particles remained almost non-activated, whereas the more hygroscopic mode was predominantly scavenged into cloud droplets. By modifying the measured GF distributions, it was estimated how the cloud droplet concentrations would change if all the particles belonged to the more hygroscopic group. According to the κ-Köhler simulations, the cloud droplet concentrations increased up to 70 % with increasing hygroscopicity. This is an indirect but clear illustration of the sensitivity of cloud formation to aerosol chemical composition.

scholarly journals Structure of aesthetic experience

Psihologija ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marko Polovina ◽  
Slobodan Markovic
Keyword(s):  
Aesthetic Experience ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Weak Correlation ◽  
Similarity Judgments ◽  
Explained Variance ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This study investigated the strructure of aesthetic experience and the relationship of this structure and other dimensions of the subjective judgements of paintings. Aesthetic experinece was defined by nine descriptors selected from relevant literature: fascinating, irresistible, unique, eternal, profound, exceptional, universal, unspeakable, I would like to have this painting. 24 paintings were judged of on nine unipolar seven-step scales that were made of the up-mentioned descriptors. The factor analysis extracted one principal component. Multiple regression has shown weak correlation between aesthetic expirience (averaged nine judgements) and the factors of the subjective judgements of paintings (the factors were measured by the instrument SDS 16; Radonjic & Markovic, 2005). Factor Arousal was a significant predictor of aesthetic experience, but the percent of explained variance was relatively low (circa 23%). The prediction of other factors, Regularity, Atraction and Serenity, was not significant. For the purpose of this analysis we used the data from the previous study (Radonjic and Markovic, 2005). Further regression analyses indicated the role of aesthetic experience in the similarity judgments of paintings: the distributions of the paintings within 2-D and 3-D MDS space were partially explained by the measure of aesthetic experience. The MDS data were taken from the previous study (Radonjic i Markovic, 2004). The results of this study suggest that the aesthetic experience is a unique and relatively independent phenomenon: internally, it is not dividable into components, and externally, it is weakly correlated with the other subjective dimensions.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document