Value of Special Auditory Tests in the Latero-Medial Inferior Pontine Syndrome

1975 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 384-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas Noffsinger ◽  
Sabina Kurdziel ◽  
Edward L. Applebaum
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Pure Tone ◽  
Relative Sensitivity ◽  
Unilateral Hearing Loss ◽  
Acoustic Reflex ◽  
Level Difference ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Masking Level Difference ◽  
Pure Tones ◽  
First Time

Results from a special battery of auditory tests are used to document, for the first time, recovery from a total unilateral hearing loss occurring as part of a latero-medial inferior pontine syndrome. Although sensitivity for pure tones and speech was regained within two months of onset, definite retrocochlear signs persisted for nine months. The tests which best demonstrated the lingering retrocochlear abnormality were binaural masking level difference procedures for 500 Hz pure tones and speech and examination of the amplitude of the acoustic reflex over a ten second time period. The relative sensitivity of other speech and pure tone tasks in detecting the retrocochlear problem is detailed.

scholarly journals Acoustic reflex measurements and the loudness function in sensorineural hearing loss

1980 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheila Uliel
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽  
Acoustic Impedance ◽  
Pure Tone ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing ◽  
Acoustic Reflex ◽  
Reflex Responses ◽  
Loudness Function ◽  
The Individual

The suprathreshold acoustic reflex responses of forty two ears affected by sensorineural hearing loss of cochlear origin and fifty-eight ears demonstrating normal hearing, were recorded by means of an electro-acoustic impedance meter and attached X-Y recorder. The recordings were done in ascending and descending fashion,  at successively increasing and decreasing 5dB intensity levels from 90-120-90 dB HL respectively, for the individual pure-tone frequencies of 500, 1 000, 2 000 and 4 000 Hz. The contralateral mode of measurement was employed. Analysis of  these recordings indicated that the acoustic reflex  responses could be differentiated into five  characteristic patterns of  growth, which could be depicted upon a continuum of peaked, peaked-rounded, rounded, rounded-flat,  and flat  shapes. The peaked and peaked-rounded patterns were found  to predominate at all four pure-tone frequencies  in the normal ears, while the rounded-fiat  and flat  patterns were found  to predominate only at the higher pure-tone frequencies of 2 000 and 4 000 Hz in the ears affected  by sensorineural hearing loss. This latter relationship was also able to be applied to two disorders of  the loudness functio— loudness recruitment and hyperacusis. It was concluded that the flattened  acoustic reflex  patterns at the higher pure-tone frequencies  constituted a potential diagnostic cue related to the differential  diagnosis of sensorineural hearing loss, and to disorders of  the loudness function.

scholarly journals Study on impact of duration of tympanic membrane perforation on hearing loss and audiological outcome after surgery

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 1462
Author(s):  
Raies Ahmad ◽  
Gopika Kalsotra ◽  
Kamal Kishore ◽  
Aditiya Saraf ◽  
Parmod Kalsotra
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Tympanic Membrane ◽  
Pure Tone ◽  
Tympanic Membrane Perforation ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Membrane Perforation ◽  
Group A ◽  
Duration Of Disease ◽  
Group B

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The aim of the study was to assess impact of duration of tympanic membrane perforation on hearing loss and postoperative audiological outcome using pure tone audiogram.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> The present study was conducted on 100 patients in department of ENT and HNS, SMGS Hospital, Government Medical College Jammu during a time period of November 2018 to October 2019. All the patients with age 15 to 60 years who presented with tympanic membrane (pars tensa) perforation were included in the study.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> In our study, mean preoperative hearing loss (AC threshold) of group A was 36.23±1.07 dB and of group B was 25.67±6.38 dB. Group C had mean preoperative hearing loss (AC threshold) of 28.78±6.50 dB. Mean preoperative air-bone gap (AB gap) of group A was 12.9±8.05dB and of group B was 13.86±4.19 dB. Group C had mean preoperative air-bone gap (AB gap) of 16.47±5.51 dB. Postoperatively, pure tone threshold at three months was least in group B (15.09±5.80 dB), followed by group C (15.68±4.66 dB) and group A (19.33±2.81 dB). Whereas, postoperative AB gap at 3 months was least in group C (10±3 dB), followed by group C (8.44±3.59 dB). Group B had maximum postoperative AB gap of 8.49±4.34 dB.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> This study did not show any correlation between duration of disease and degree of hearing loss.</p>

Paediatric hearing loss: a community-based survey in peri-urban Kumasi, Ghana

2019 ◽  
Vol 133 (09) ◽  
pp. 796-804
Author(s):  
R Larsen-Reindorf ◽  
E Otupiri ◽  
J E Anomah ◽  
B M Edwards ◽  
B Frimpong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Pure Tone ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Physical Finding ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pure Tones ◽  
Otoscopic Examination

AbstractBackgroundPaediatric hearing loss rates in Ghana are currently unknown.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted in peri-urban Kumasi, Ghana; children (aged 3–15 years) were recruited from randomly selected households. Selected children underwent otoscopic examination prior to in-community pure tone screening using the portable ShoeBox audiometer. The LittlEars auditory questionnaire was also administered to caregivers and parents.ResultsData were collected from 387 children. After conditioning, 362 children were screened using monaural pure tones presented at 25 dB. Twenty-five children could not be conditioned to behavioural audiometric screening. Eight children were referred based on audiometric screening results. Of those, four were identified as having hearing loss. Four children scored less than the maximum mark of 35 on the LittleEars questionnaire. Of those, three had hearing loss as identified through pure tone screening. The predominant physical finding on otoscopy was ear canal cerumen impaction.ConclusionPaediatric hearing loss is prevalent in Ghana, and should be treated as a public health problem warranting further evaluation and epidemiology characterisation.

Unilateral Hearing Loss in Children with Shunt-Treated Hydrocephalus

2003 ◽  
Vol 14 (09) ◽  
pp. 510-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan E. Spirakis ◽  
Raymond M. Hurley
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Otoacoustic Emissions ◽  
Pure Tone ◽  
Acoustic Reflex ◽  
Shunt Placement ◽  
Cochlear Aqueduct ◽  
Distortion Product ◽  
Cochlear Hearing Loss ◽  
Air Conduction

This study investigated the characteristics of hearing loss in children with ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunted hydrocephalus. Twelve hydrocephalic children with patent VP shunts participated. The etiology of the hydrocephalus was either intraventricular hemorrhage or spina bifida. Audiometric examination included pure-tone air conduction thresholds, tympanometry, contralateral and ipsilateral acoustic reflex thresholds (ARTs), and distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs). A unilateral, high-frequency, cochlear hearing loss was found in the ear ipsilateral to the shunt placement in 10 (83%) of the 12 shunt-treated hydrocephalic children. No hearing loss was observed in the ear contralateral to shunt placement. Based on the pure-tone audiometric findings, coupled with the decrease in DPOAE amplitude in the shunt ear, the hearing loss appears to be cochlear in nature. We suggest that cochlear hydrodynamics are disrupted as the result of reduced perilymph pressure, a consequence of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) reduction due to the combined effects of a patent shunt and a patent cochlear aqueduct. In addition, a concomitant brain stem involvement is evidenced in the ART pattern, possibly produced by the patent shunt draining the CSF from the subdural space, resulting in cranial base hypoplasia.

scholarly journals A notched-noise precursor affects both diotic and dichotic notched-noise masking

Acta Acustica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Felix Dymel ◽  
Monika Kordus ◽  
Ifat Yasin ◽  
Jesko L. Verhey
Keyword(s):  
Pure Tone ◽  
Forward Masking ◽  
Noise Masking ◽  
Binaural Cues ◽  
Level Difference ◽  
Masking Level Difference ◽  
Medial Olivocochlear

The present study investigates how diotic and dichotic masked thresholds, in a notched-noise masking paradigm, are affected by activation of the Medial OlivoCochlear (MOC) reflex. Thresholds were obtained for a 500-Hz pure tone diotic or a dichotic signal, S (S0 or Sπ respectively), in the presence of a simultaneous or forward diotic masker (bandpass noise with no notch or a 400-Hz notch). A diotic precursor sound (bandpass noise with a 400- or 800-Hz notch) was presented prior to the signal and masker to activate the MOC reflex. For simultaneous- and forward-masking conditions, the decrease in masked thresholds as a notch was introduced in the masker was larger for the diotic than for the dichotic condition. This resulted in a reduced binaural masking level difference (BMLD) for the masker with a notch. The precursor augmented these two effects. The results indicate that the effect of the precursor, eliciting the MOC reflex, is less pronounced when binaural cues are processed.

scholarly journals Methods used in mobile applications for the diagnosis of hearing loss: A systematic mapping study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atencio Vizcaíno Hebert Leonidas ◽  
Tintín Perdomo Verónica Paulina ◽  
Caiza Caizabuano José Rubén ◽  
Caicedo Altamirano Fernando Sebastián
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Mobile Applications ◽  
Pure Tone ◽  
Measurement Methods ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Systematic Mapping Study ◽  
Mapping Study ◽  
Systematic Mapping ◽  
Pure Tones

Hearing loss is one of the most common health problems today, it can appear at any age and the causes are varied, in order to prevent it or adapt to the changes brought about by the hearing impairment, it is necessary to diagnose it in time. The technology in terms of applications for health care smartphones has constantly evolved, so that today play an important role and are among the most downloaded from application stores, several of these applications are the diagnosis of hearing loss and use the method of pure tones. In this study a Systematic Mapping of Literature SMS (Systematic Mapping Study) is made to look for mobile applications that use other diagnostic methods that offer similar or better results, of the 13 applications found, 11 used the method of pure tones and in only 2 of them was implemented the speech audiometry (word recognition), concludes that diagnostic hearing loss tests based on mobile applications are reliable alternatives to conventional audiometric systems, and that pure tone thresholds alone are an incomplete assessment of hearing, and there is a need to develop new hearing measurement methods and combine them with other methods to complement the diagnosis. Resumen: La pérdida de la audición es uno de los problemas de salud más comunes en la actualidad, puede aparecer a cualquier edad y las causas son variadas, para poder prevenirla o adaptarse a los cambios que conlleva la deficiencia auditiva, es necesario diagnosticarla a tiempo. La tecnología en cuanto a aplicaciones para smartphones de asistencia de salud ha evolucionado constantemente, tal es así que hoy en día juegan un papel importante y son de las más descargadas de las tiendas de aplicaciones, varias de esas aplicaciones son las de diagnóstico de pérdida auditiva y utilizan el método de los tonos puros. En este estudio se hace un Mapeo Sistemático de Literatura SMS (Systematic Mapping Study) para buscar aplicaciones móviles que utilicen otros métodos de diagnóstico que ofrezcan similares o mejores resultados, de las 13 aplicaciones encontradas, 11 utilizaron el método de los tonos puros y en solo 2 de ellas se implementó la logoaudiometria (reconocimiento de palabras), por lo que se concluye que las pruebas de diagnóstico de pérdida auditiva basadas en aplicaciones móviles, son alternativas confiables a los sistemas de audiometría convencionales,  y que los umbrales de tonos puros por sí solos son una evaluación incompleta de la audición, y existe la necesidad de desarrollar nuevos métodos de medición de audición y combinarlos con otros métodos para complementar el diagnóstico.

Pure-tone thresholds and the binaural masking level difference

2019 ◽  
Vol 145 (3) ◽  
pp. 1721-1722
Author(s):  
Daniel E. Shub ◽  
Joshua G. W. Bernstein ◽  
Lina R. R. Kubli ◽  
Douglas S. Brungart ◽  
Ken W. Grant
Keyword(s):  
Pure Tone ◽  
Level Difference ◽  
Masking Level Difference

Speech-in-noise perception in unilateral hearing loss: Relation to pure-tone thresholds and brainstem plasticity

2017 ◽  
Vol 102 ◽  
pp. 135-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Vannson ◽  
Chris J. James ◽  
Bernard Fraysse ◽  
Boris Lescure ◽  
Kuzma Strelnikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Pure Tone ◽  
Unilateral Hearing Loss ◽  
Speech In Noise

Pure-Tone–Spondee Threshold Relationships in Functional Hearing Loss: A Test of Loudness Contribution

2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 136-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert S. Schlauch ◽  
Heekyung J. Han ◽  
Tzu-Ling J. Yu ◽  
Edward Carney
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Pure Tone ◽  
Detection Threshold ◽  
Base Loss ◽  
Speech Detection ◽  
Pure Tone Average ◽  
Pure Tones ◽  
Db Difference ◽  
Loudness Model ◽  
Detection And Recognition

Purpose The purpose of this article is to examine explanations for pure-tone average–spondee threshold differences in functional hearing loss. Method Loudness magnitude estimation functions were obtained from 24 participants for pure tones (0.5 and 1.0 kHz), vowels, spondees, and speech-shaped noise as a function of level (20–90 dB SPL). Participants listened monaurally through earphones. Loudness predictions were obtained for the same stimuli by using a computational, dynamic loudness model. Results When evaluated at the same SPL, speech-shaped noise was judged louder than vowels/spondees, which were judged louder than tones. Equal-loudness levels were inferred from fitted loudness functions for the group. For the clinical application, the 2.1-dB difference between spondees and tones at equal loudness became a 12.1-dB difference when the stimuli were converted from SPL to HL. Conclusions Nearly all of the pure-tone average–spondee threshold differences in functional hearing loss are attributable to references for calibration for 0 dB HL for tones and speech, which are based on detection and recognition, respectively. The recognition threshold for spondees is roughly 9 dB higher than the speech detection threshold; persons feigning a loss, who base loss magnitude on loudness, do not consider this difference. Furthermore, the dynamic loudness model was more accurate than the static model.

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