Data Capitalism: Redefining the Logics of Surveillance and Privacy

2017 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Myers West
Keyword(s):  
Online Community ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Social Benefits ◽  
Information Economy ◽  
Online Commerce ◽  
The Social ◽  
New Business ◽  
User Data ◽  
History Of ◽  
Source Materials

This article provides a history of private sector tracking technologies, examining how the advent of commercial surveillance centered around a logic of data capitalism. Data capitalism is a system in which the commoditization of our data enables an asymmetric redistribution of power that is weighted toward the actors who have access and the capability to make sense of information. It is enacted through capitalism and justified by the association of networked technologies with the political and social benefits of online community, drawing upon narratives that foreground the social and political benefits of networked technologies. I examine its origins in the wake of the dotcom bubble, when technology makers sought to develop a new business model to support online commerce. By leveraging user data for advertising purposes, they contributed to an information environment in which every action leaves behind traces collected by companies for commercial purposes. Through analysis of primary source materials produced by technology makers, journalists, and business analysts, I examine the emergence of data capitalism between the mid-1990s and mid-2000s and its central role in the contemporary information economy.

scholarly journals SEJARAH SYAIR GULUNG DI KETAPANG

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hera Yulita ◽  
Agus Sastrawan Noor ◽  
Yuver Kusnoto
Keyword(s):  
Oral Tradition ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Local History ◽  
Secondary Source ◽  
West Kalimantan ◽  
Mass Society ◽  
The Social ◽  
Bird Beak ◽  
History Of ◽  
In The Beginning

<p class="Default" align="center"><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p class="Default">Penelitian ini berjudul “Sejarah Syair Gulung di Ketapang”. Adapun rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimanakah sejarah syair gulung di Ketapang. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi bagi masyarakat dan peneliti sejarah lokal yang ada di Kalimantan Barat. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian sejarah maka peneliti menggunakan metode sejarah yang ditulis dengan deskriptif analitis dengan langkah atau tahapan, yaitu : 1). Heuristik, 2). Kritik Sumber, 3). Interpretasi, 4). Historiografi. Dalam memperoleh data-data penelitian ini, peneliti menggunakan metode sumber primer, sekunder dan tradisi lisan atau folklor di dalam heuristik dengan menggunakan metode sejarah lisan.Hasil penelitian syair gulung pada awalnya hanyalah sebuah bentuk karangan atau disebut kengkarangan yang berada di Tanah Kayong, Tanah Tanjungpura yang sekarang bernama Kabupaten Ketapang. Ada juga yang menyebutnya Syair Layang karena isinya hanya selayang pandang. Lambat laun berubah menjadi syair gulung dikarenakan ditulis di atas kertas kemudian digulung dan disimpan di dalam parug burung. Isinya berupa bait-bait kata yang mengandung nasehat dan petunjuk hidup kepada masyarakat Melayu. Terdapat tiga fase syair gulung, yakni fase Kerajaan Tanjungpura yang diwakili oleh Syair Pangeran Syarif, fase kedua fase syair gulung jenaka, fase ketiga fase syair gulung berisi kritik sosial.</p><p class="Default"> </p><p class="Default"><strong>Kata kunci: </strong>sejarah, Syair Gulung, Ketapang</p><p class="Default"> </p><p class="Default" align="center"><strong><em>Abstract</em></strong></p><p class="Default"><em>The tittle of of this research is “The history of Syair Gulung”. The main problem of this research is how the history of Syair Gulung in Ketapang. The results of this research hopely could giving a contribution for the mass society and the researchers of local history studies in West Kalimantan. The research is a historical research. The methods of the research is descriptive-analitic includes four stages : 1) heuristic 2) verification 3) interpretation 4) historiography. The methodologies of research have been with a primary source, a secondary source, and oral tradition or folklore in heuristic with the oral history methods.The results of this research is in the beginning with namely of Syair Gulung is Kengkarangan, in Kayong Land, Tanjungpura Kingdom in nowdays becoming popular with Ketapang Regency. The several society knowing Syair Gulung with Syair Layang. At this time people knowing with Syair Gulung due to writed in paper and then rolled up and saved in the bird beak. The contents of Syair Gulung is a stanzas with the advice and life wisdom for Malay societies. The Syair Gulung includes three phases, such as The Tanjungpura Kingdom phase with with Syair Pangeran Syarif, The witty phase, and the social critics phase. </em></p><p class="Default"><em> </em></p><strong><em>Keywords:</em></strong><em> history, Syair Gulung, Ketapang</em>

WILLEM FLOOR, The Afghan Occupation of Safavid Persia 1712–1729 (Paris: Association Pour l'Avancement Des Etudes Iraniennes, 1998). Pp. 387.

2001 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 615-618
Author(s):  
David C. Champagne
Keyword(s):  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
East Indies ◽  
Subsequent Research ◽  
History Of ◽  
Dutch East Indies ◽  
Source Materials

One could assume from the misleading title of this work that it is a new analytical history of the fall of the Safavid empire and the nine-year Afghan usurpation of the Safavid throne. More than forty years after Laurence Lockhart published his monumental work, The Fall of the Safavi Dynasty and the Afghan Occupation of Persia, a new study based on subsequent research would be a major contribution to the field. But Willem Floor has made a different, yet extremely significant, contribution. He has performed a yeoman's service by annotating, translating, and compiling primary source materials from the archives of the Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie (VOC), or the Dutch East Indies Company, that someday will assist such an effort.

The Knack of Selling: scientific salesmanship, relational themes and military metaphors in early marketing thought

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-262
Author(s):  
Mark Tadajewski ◽  
D.G. Brian Jones
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Personal Selling ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Content Type ◽  
History Of ◽  
Intellectual Context ◽  
The One ◽  
Source Materials ◽  
Early Training

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide an historical analysis of an important early contribution to the history of marketing thought literature – the six-book series titled The Knack of Selling – which was published in 1913 and intended as an early training course for salesmanship. Design/methodology/approach This research utilized a close, systematic reading of The Knack of Selling series and places it in the professional and intellectual context of the early twentieth century. Books published about marketing are primary source materials for any study of the history of marketing thought. In this case, The Knack series constitutes significant primary source material for a study of early thinking about personal selling. Findings Echoing A.W. Shaw, Watson offers a more sophisticated interpretation of the “one best way” approach associated with Frederick Taylor. Watson’s advice did not entail the repetition of canned sales talks to each customer. His vision of practice was more complicated. Sales presentations were temporally and locationally relative. They were subject to ongoing evolution. As the marketplace changed, as customer needs and interests shifted, so did organizational and salesperson performances. To keep sales talks relevant to the consumer, personnel were encouraged to undertake rudimentary ethnographic research and interviews. Unusually, there is oscillation in the way power relations between marketer and customer were described. While relational themes are present, so are military metaphors. Originality/value This is the first systematic reading of The Knack of Selling that has been produced. It is an important contribution to the literature inasmuch as this book set is not in wide circulation. The material itself was significant as an input into scholarship subsequently hailed as seminal within sales management.

The Legal History of Public Land in Liberia

2014 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 250-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caleb J Stevens
Keyword(s):  
Legal History ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Public Land ◽  
Legal Concept ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Usa ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Government ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Source Materials

AbstractThis article demonstrates that there has never been a clear definition of public land in Liberian legal history, although in the past the government operated as if all land that was not under private deed was public. By examining primary source materials found in archives in Liberia and the USA, the article traces the origins of public land in Liberia and its ambiguous development as a legal concept. It also discusses the ancillary issues of public land sale procedures and statutory prices. The conclusions reached have significant implications for the reform of Liberia's land sector.

THE LEDGER OF ANN DEWITT BEVIER (1762–1834), EARLY AMERICAN ESTATE MANAGER AND MOTHER

2008 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sally M. Schultz ◽  
Joan Hollister
Keyword(s):  
Household Head ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Educational Opportunities ◽  
Early America ◽  
Early American ◽  
The Social ◽  
Rental Property ◽  
History Of ◽  
American Nation

The ledger that Ann DeWitt Bevier kept from 1802 until 1813 represents a rich primary source that provides perspective on how a rural agriculturalist and household head interacted with the social and cultural environment in the young American nation. Her accounting records expand the gendered history of economic life by illustrating the life and work of a woman who managed a farm, family household, brick kiln, rental property, and investments in financial instruments. The costs of educating her children were also detailed in the ledger, helping to inform us about the educational opportunities for females in early America.

#SoMe4Surgery: from inception to impact

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca C Grossman ◽  
Douglas Graham Mackenzie ◽  
Deborah S Keller ◽  
Nicola Dames ◽  
Perbinder Grewal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Online Community ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Network Application ◽  
Impact Phase ◽  
Geographical Locations

Objectives and settingThe aim of this study was to create a hashtag #SoMe4Surgery on the social network application Twitter, and to examine the natural history of the resulting online community.Design and outcome measuresA prospective, four-stage framework was proposed and used: (1) inception phase (connection): users were actively invited to participate; (2) dissemination phase (contagion): several tweetchats were designed, scheduled and run; (3) adherence phase (feedback): Twitonomy and NodeXL summaries were regularly posted on Twitter; and (4) impact phase (outcomes): abstracts and manuscripts, and related projects on Twitter. Tweets, influencers and interactions were analysed, and a brief survey was shared with participants to assess demographics and motivations of social media use.ParticipantsUsers engaging with the #SoMe4Surgery hashtag.ResultsUsers of the hashtag came from a wide variety of specialties and geographical locations, as well as varying in age and stage of training. The inception of #SoMe4Surgery was followed by an increase in the follower count and impressions of users. A total of 675 tweeters posted 11 855 tweets with 30 122 retweets between 28 July and 27 December inclusive. There were new contributors and activity throughout the period. There were many more retweeters than accounts posting original content. Over a 10-day period ending on 31 December 2018, the number of followers of the 10 most influential accounts was higher than the number of followers of the 10 most engaging accounts (p=0.002). The mean (SD) number of tweetchat participants was 121 (64), who posted 719 (365) tweets and had a potential reach of 3 825 155 (1 887 205) accounts. Spin-off projects included surveys from low and medium-income countries, subspecialised hashtags, presentations and one publication.ConclusionsThe creation of a cohesive online surgical community may allow a flattened hierarchy, with increased engagement between surgeons, other healthcare professionals, researchers and patients.

‘Just put it online’: The Taylor White Project as a digitization case study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Zinger
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Natural History ◽  
History Of Science ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Interactive Visualizations ◽  
Digital Collection ◽  
History Of ◽  
Source Materials

Creating access to digital surrogates of primary source materials has spurred the growth of history of science as a field. Enabling and supporting virtual access requires an understanding of the behind-the-scenes requirements of a digitization project. Using McGill's Taylor White Project as a case study, this article reveals how such a project is managed, to result in a unique digital collection that supports research in both the humanities and the sciences. The workflows described transformed a collection of 938 eighteenth-century natural history drawings from a relatively inaccessible archive to a searchable and browsable digital collection, complete with contextualizing interactive visualizations. Understanding this process reveals some of the ways in which digitized data can create new avenues for questioning and examining information.

Registered designs as a history of design

1991 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 32-39
Author(s):  
Matthew Turner
Keyword(s):  
World History ◽  
Visual Representations ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Design Activity ◽  
Patent Office ◽  
British Patent ◽  
Imperial Power ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Design ◽  
Source Materials

Since 1839 a million or more designs have been lodged with the British Patent Office. Millions more have been registered in other jurisdictions, for example, in America (from 1842), India (from 1881), and Japan (from 1910). Registered designs are not confined to ‘Good Design’ (according to Modernist Western criteria) but neither do they provide a comprehensive record of design innovation: whether designs from a given country are or are not registered abroad may be less a measure of the country’s design activity, more an indication either of the refusal by an Imperial power to recognise indigenous design as ‘original’, or of whether it is advantageous to a developing country to respect international copyright. Nonetheless, registered designs, which are documented in great detail and may be accompanied by precise visual representations, constitute one of the most extensive series of primary source materials and statistics for an objective, world history of design. The fact that they have been overlooked by design historians can be partially explained by ignorance of their existence or whereabouts, and difficulties of access, but also reflects a limited, Eurocentric approach to design and its history.

Medievalism, Byzantinism, and Bulgarian Politics through the Archival Lens

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fani Gargova
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Historical Collections ◽  
Archival Practice ◽  
History Of Research ◽  
History Of ◽  
Archival Practices ◽  
Source Materials

This chapter explores archival practices and the role of primary source materials in the history of research about the Bulgarian Middle Ages and their connection to nationalism. First, there is an overview on the value of archival descriptions in archival practice, which contribute to the discoverability, usability, accessibility, as well as integrity, of unique, historical collections to the researcher. Second, a case study about the connection of Bogdan Filov, Josef Strzygowski, and Thomas Whittemore is presented, and their investigation of Byzantine and Bulgarian medieval monuments is described in order to show how archival descriptions serve as preconditions for understanding, discovering, and accessing primary source material.

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