Exploring the Relationship Between Initial Mathematics Skill and a Kindergarten Mathematics Intervention

2018 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben Clarke ◽  
Christian T. Doabler ◽  
Keith Smolkowski ◽  
Jessica Turtura ◽  
Derek Kosty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Block Design ◽  
First Grade ◽  
Kindergarten Students ◽  
Achievement Level ◽  
Mathematics Intervention ◽  
Treatment Conditions ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
The Relationship

This study examined the role of initial skill in moderating intervention effects of a 50-lesson mathematics intervention program, ROOTS, for at-risk kindergarten students focused on developing whole-number concepts and skills. The study utilized a randomized block design with at-risk students ( n = 592) within classrooms ( n = 60) randomly assigned to one of two treatment conditions (a small group of two to five students) or control condition. Proximal and distal measures were collected in the fall (pretest), spring (posttest), and winter of first grade (delayed posttest). Analyses examined the moderating effects of initial student achievement level on mathematics outcomes. Results indicated that initial skill moderated student outcomes but the relationship did not differ by group size. Implications for tiered mathematics instruction are discussed.

scholarly journals Assessment of Heterosis Based on Genetic Distance Estimated Using SNP in Common Wheat

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingbin Nie ◽  
Wanquan Ji ◽  
Songmei Ma
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Common Wheat ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Snp Analysis ◽  
Heterotic Groups ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

This study assessed the genetic distance (GD) between parental genotypes using single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) DNA markers and evaluated the correlation between GD and heterosis in common wheat. We examined the performance of parents and hybrids in a field experiment conducted in a randomized block design at a Shihezi location with three replications. Different traits such as the height of the parents and the F1 generation, number of harvested ears, number of grains per panicle, grain weight per panicle, 1000-grain weight, and grain yield were examined. Genotyping using a wheat 90K SNP chip determined the GD between the parents and analyzed the relationship between GD and heterotic performance of hybrids in wheat. Cluster analysis based on GD estimated using SNP chips divided the 20 elite parents into five groups which were almost consistent with the parental pedigree. Correlation analysis showed a significant association between GD and mid-parent heterosis (MPH) of 1000-grain weight. However, GD and high-parent heterosis (HPH) of 1000-grain weight showed no significant correlation. There was a weak correlation between GD and with spikelet number, harvested spikes, and yield at MPH or HPH. Hence, SNP analysis may be utilized in allocating wheat parents to heterotic groups. However, the correlation between SNP-based GD and hybrid performance still remains unclear.

scholarly journals Effects of Problem-Oriented Willed-Movement Therapy on Motor Abilities for People With Poststroke Cognitive Deficits

2005 ◽  
Vol 85 (10) ◽  
pp. 1020-1033 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Ping Tang ◽  
Qi Dong Yang ◽  
Ying Hua Wu ◽  
Gai Qing Wang ◽  
Zhi Ling Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Motor Ability ◽  
Motor Abilities ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background and Purpose. Cognitive deficits after stroke are common and interfere with recovery. One purpose of this study was to determine whether the motor abilities of subjects who have poststroke cognitive deficits and who have received problem-oriented willed-movement (POWM) therapy will improve more than the motor abilities of subjects in the reference group who have received neurodevelopmental treatment (NDT). Another purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between cognitive function and motor abilities for both groups. Subjects. The subjects recruited for this study were 36 men and 11 women with various degrees of poststroke cognitive deficits. Methods. A randomized block design was used to assign the subjects to 2 groups. Cognitive function and motor ability were evaluated with the Mini-Mental State Examination and the Stroke Rehabilitation Assessment of Movement (STREAM). Both groups received physical therapy 5 or 6 times per week in 50-minute sessions. Results. The STREAM scores improved after treatment in both groups. Main group effects were found for the lower-extremity (F=4.58, P<.05) and basic mobility (F=27.49, P<.01) subscales of the STREAM. Pretest cognitive function showed a positive relationship with posttest motor ability in the NDT group (r=.446, P<.05). However, the relationship between pretest cognitive function and posttest motor ability had no statistical significance in the POWM group (r=.101, P=.630). Discussion and Conclusion. These findings suggest that, regardless of a person's cognitive function, POWM intervention is effective in improving lower-extremity and basic mobilities and indicates the need to use relatively intact cognitive function or perceptual function, or both, to improve motor rehabilitation for people with cognitive function deficits.

scholarly journals Kajian Pemberian Pupuk Kandang Ayam Pedaging dan Pupuk Hayati terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Petsai (Brassica chinensis L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-88
Author(s):  
Jhon Hardy Purba ◽  
Putu Sri Wahyuni ◽  
Irwan Febryan
Keyword(s):  
Linear Relationship ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Economic Weight ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. This research aims to determine the effect of broiler manure doses and BiotamaxTM biofertilizers on growth and yield of Chinese cabbage in the Selat Village, Buleleng Regency, Bali from November - December 2018. The randomized block design (RBD) factorial, consisting of two factors was the experimental design used in this research. The first factor is the dose of broiler manure (A), composed of 3 levels, namely control (A0), a dose of 15 tons.ha-1 (A1), and 30 tons.ha-1 (A2). The second factor is the application frequency of biological fertilizers with four levels, namely control (B0) which was administered concurrently for seven days before planting at a dose of 0.09 g.plots-1. B1 with an administrative frequency of 7 and 14 days before and after planting (HST), respectively, with a dose of 0.045 g.plots-1. (B2) with a 3times administrative frequency of 7, 14, and 28 days before, after birth and after each dose of 0.03 g.plots-1 (B3). The results of the study, the frequency of giving BiotaMaxTM biological fertilizer at the same time, provided the heaviest oven-dry weight per crop, which was 9.39 g. The treatment of broiler chicken manure dose of 30 tons.ha-1 (A2), resulted in the best oven-dry weight canopy per plant at 9.26 g. The relationship between the dose of broiler chicken manure with canopy oven-dry weight per plant showed a linear relationship, namely y = 0.0608x + 7.2483 (R2 = 32.53). The best economic weight per hectare is obtained in the provision of 30 tons.ha-1 (A2) broiler manure, weighing 30.10 tons.ha-1. The relationship between the dose of broiler manure and economic weight per hectare shows a linear relationship, y = 0.3247x + 21.699 R² = 59.88%. The frequency of giving BiotaMaxTM biofertilizers at the same time is 7 days before planting at a dose of 0.09 g.plots-1 (B1) gave the heaviest economic weight per hectare, at 28.21 tons.ha-1. The combination of broiler chicken manure dose and the frequency of BiotaMaxTM biofertilizer gave no significant effect (p≥0.05) on the growth and yield of Chinese cabbage.Keywords: broiler manure, biofertilizer frequency, petsaiAbstrak. Penelitian yang bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh dosis pupuk kandang ayam pedaging dan pupuk hayati BiotamaxTM serta interaksinya terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil petsai dilaksanakan di Desa Selat, Kabupaten Buleleng, Bali pada bulan November - Desember 2018. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) faktorial, terdiri atas dua faktor. Faktor pertama adalah dosis pupuk kandang ayam pedaging (A), terdiri atas 3 tingkat, yaitu kontrol (A0), dosis 15 ton.ha-1 (A1), dan 30 ton.ha-1 (A2). Faktor ke dua adalah frekuensi pemberian pupuk hayati dengan empat tingkat, yaitu kontrol (B0), pemberian sekaligus yaitu 7 hari sebelum tanam dengan dosis 0,09 g.petak-1 (B1); frekuensi pemberian 2 kali yaitu 7 hari sebelum tanam dan 14 hari sesudah tanam (hst) dengan dosis setiap pemberian 0,045 g.petak-1 (B2); frekuensi pemberian 3 kali yaitu 7 hari sebelum tanam, 14 hst dan 28 hst dengan dosis setiap pemberian 0,03 g.petak-1(B3). Hasil penelitian, frekuensi pemberian pupuk hayati BiotaMaxTM sekaligus, memberikan berat kering oven tajuk per tanaman terberat, yaitu 9,39 g. Perlakuan dosis pupuk kandang ayam pedaging dosis 30 ton.ha-1 (A2), menghasilkan berat kering oven tajuk per tanaman terbaik yaitu 9,26 g. Hubungan antara dosis pupuk kandang ayam pedaging dengan berat kering oven tajuk per tanaman menunjukan hubungan linier, yaitu y = 0,0608x + 7,2483 (R2=32,53). Berat ekonomis per hektar terbaik didapatkan pada pemberian dosis pupuk kandang ayam pedaging 30 ton.ha-1 (A2), yaitu seberat 30,10 ton.ha-1. Hubungan antara dosis pupuk kandang ayam pedaging dan berat ekonomis per hektar menunjukan hubungan linier, yaitu y = 0,3247x + 21,699 R²=59,88%. Frekuensi pemberian pupuk hayati BiotaMaxTM sekaligus yaitu 7 hari sebelum tanam dengan dosis 0,09 g.petak-1 (B1) memberikan berat ekonomis per hektar terberat, yaitu 28,21 ton.ha-1. Kombinasi dosis pupuk kandang ayam pedaging dan frekuensi pemberian pupuk hayati BiotaMaxTM berpengaruh tidak nyata (p≥0,05) terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil petsai.    Kata kunci: Pupuk Kandang Ayam Pedaging, Frekuensi Pupuk hayati, Petsai.

scholarly journals Instrucción directa con alumnado de Educación Primaria en riesgo de dificultades en el aprendizaje de las matemáticas

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 71 ◽  
Author(s):  
José I. Navarro Guzmán ◽  
María José Navarro Cecilia ◽  
Inmaculada Menacho
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Primary Education ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Mathematics Learning ◽  
Learning Difficulties ◽  
First Grade ◽  
Mathematical Competence ◽  
Educación Primaria ◽  
Intervention Procedure

Resumen: La instrucción directa se ha utilizado como procedimiento de intervención para el aprendizaje de las matemáticas. Asimismo, estos procedimientos se han centrado tanto en los componentes de dominio general como de dominio específico. En este trabajo se estudiaron los efectos que sobre la competencia matemática temprana y la memoria de trabajo tuvieron diferentes programas de entrenamiento matemático, combinando actividades específicas de memoria de trabajo y de competencia matemática, a partir de actividades de instrucción directa, en niños de primero de educación primaria que presentaban riesgo de tener dificultades de aprendizaje de las matemáticas. Catorce participantes fueron identificados como alumnado en riesgo de tener dificultades de aprendizaje matemático mediante el test TEMT-i y asignados a un procedimiento pedagógico de intervención individualizado. A partir de un diseño cuasi experimental con dos medidas de las variables dependientes, los resultados mostraron que el programa de intervención promovió una clara mejora tanto en la competencia matemática, como en la memoria de trabajo. Direct instruction to Primary Education students at risk of mathematics learning difficulties Abstract:Direct instruction has been used as a current intervention procedure for learning mathematics. In addition, these procedures have focused both components of general domain as specific domain. In this paper the effects on early mathematical competence and working memory had different programs mathematical training was studied. The programs combined specific activities of working memory and math competence using a direct instructional procedure. Participants were first grade primary education at risk of having mathematics learning difficulties. Fourteen students were identified as at risk of mathematical learning difficulties by ENT-Rand assigned to an individualized educational intervention procedure. A quasi-experimental design with two dependent variables’ measures was used. Results showed that the intervention program promoted a strong improvement in both mathematical competence, and working memory.

scholarly journals Ketahanan Genotipe Kedelai Terhadap Hama Pengisap Polong, Riptortus linearis F. (Hemiptera: Coreidae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-148
Author(s):  
Ayda Krisnawati ◽  
Marida Santi Yudha Ika Bayu ◽  
Dan Mochammad Muchlish Adie
Keyword(s):  
Path Analysis ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Choice Test ◽  
Stink Bug ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Seed Damage ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Soybean Genotypes ◽  
The Relationship

The brown stink bug, Riptortus linearis, is the most dominant of soybean pod sucking pest in Indonesia. The objectivesof the study were to identify the resistance of soybean genotypes against brown stink bug and to determine the relationship ofagronomic characters with the intensity of pod and seed damages. Research was conducted at Balitkabi (Malang, Indonesia)from April to August 2018. Thirteen genotypes were assessed for their resistance to brown stink bug under choice and nochoicetests. A randomized block design was carry out with three replicates. The number of punctures on seed, seed and poddamages intensity on no-choice test was higher than those under choice test. Under choice test, the pod damage ranged from19.40-41.68% (average of 29.51%), and the seed damage ranged from 19.31-39.90% (average of 26.80%). Under no-choicetest, the pod damage ranged from 25.77-43.58% (average of 37.41%), and the seed damage ranged from 21.30-58.29%(average of 34.27%). The 11AB and 19BE showed consistently resistant based on pod and seed damage under the choicetest. Under no-choice-test, 19BE showed consistently resistant. The path analysis showed that an increase in the number ofseeds will possibility increase the number of punctures on the seed and then contribute to the increase of yield losses. The19BE which showed consistently resistant to brown stink bug was recommended to be further tested in the adaptation trialand released as superior variety.

scholarly journals Does the Severity of Students’ Pre-Intervention Math Deficits Affect Responsiveness to Generally Effective First-Grade Intervention?

2018 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynn S. Fuchs ◽  
Douglas Fuchs ◽  
Jennifer K. Gilbert
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
First Grade ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mathematics Intervention ◽  
Skill Levels ◽  
Moderation Analysis ◽  
Intervention Session ◽  
Double Digit ◽  
Number Knowledge

The purpose of this analysis was to assess whether effects of first-grade mathematics intervention apply across the range of at-risk learners’ initial skill levels. Students were randomly assigned to control ( n = 213) and two variants of intervention ( n = 385) designed to improve arithmetic. Of each 30-minute intervention session (48 over 16 weeks), 25 minutes were identical in the two variants, focused on number knowledge that provides the conceptual bases for arithmetic. The other five minutes provided nonspeeded conceptual practice ( n = 196) or speeded strategic practice ( n = 199). Contrasts tested effects of intervention (combined across variants) versus control and effects between the variants. Moderation analysis indicated no significant interactions between at-risk children’s pre-intervention mathematics skill and either contrast on any outcome. Across pre-intervention math skill, effects favored intervention over control on arithmetic and transfer to double-digit calculations and number knowledge, and favored speeded over nonspeeded practice on arithmetic.

scholarly journals Penampilan hama pelipat daun Cnaphalocrosis medinalis imigran dan parasitoid elasmus sp. di pertanaman padi

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Baehaki Suherlan Effendi
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Leaf Damage ◽  
Untreated Plot ◽  
Damage Level ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Rice Pest ◽  
Generative Phase ◽  
Two Peaks ◽  
The Relationship

Cnaphalocrosis medinalis (Guenee) is a potential rice pest. The research was conducted at Subang district, used randomized block design. The big plot with 80 m x 100 m is planed by Ciherang rice variety. The big plot is divided to two plots with each size 40 m x 100 m. The first plot controlled by fipronil insecticides, but another one do not controlled us untreated plots. The untreated plot is divided to 160 small plots with size 5 m x 5 m. Observation on 30 hills per plot of randomize three plots every weeks. The result of this research show that abundance of larvae and pupae of leap folder on Ciherang variety was bimodel with two peaks. These curve indicated that leaf folder development reach two generation in one season. The relationship curve between rice plant old and leaf damage was linear curve with correlated value was 87%, but relationship curve with correlated value was 95%. The leaf folder more develop on the vegetative phase than on generative phase. The existent of larvae parasitoid, Elasmus sp is very late and abundance began of 70 days rice old with 14.8 % larvae parasitism. In the nearest harvest the larvae parasitism up to 94.4%. Amount of  parasitoid is very high to reach 225 parasitoid per larvae on 70 days rice old. Analog rice growth on dry season 2002 a leaf damage level was 5-50% and effect to yield losses was 833.3 kg/ha grain dry harvested or loosing income was Rp. 1,085,550.

scholarly journals The application of the multivariate analysis method for some traits in wheat under drought stress

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 407-417
Author(s):  
Seyed Mirtaheri ◽  
Farzad Paknejad ◽  
Marieh Behdad
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Stem Elongation ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Stress Path ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
The Relationship

In order to evaluate the relationship between yield and some relevant traits and estimation of the most effective traits on grain yield, a split-plot experiment based on completely randomized block design with four replications was carried out in 2006-2007 in the research field of Islamic Azad University of Karaj. The irrigation schemes scheduled as main plots included the following: (T1) 40% moisture depletion throughout the growing season (control); (T2) 60% moisture depletion throughout the growing season; (T3) 80% moisture depletion throughout the growing season; (T4) no irrigation during the stem elongation stage and continuing with adequate irrigation to the end of the growing season; (T5) no irrigation from the stem elongation stage to the end of the growing season; (T6) no irrigation at flowering and continuing with adequate irrigation to the end of the growing season; (T7) no irrigation from flowering to the end of the growing season; and (T8) no irrigation from the milk stage to the end of the growing season; and 2 wheat cultivars [Marvdasht (V1), Chamran (V2)] as sub-plots. According to the results of simple correlation, the grain yield exhibited the most positive correlation with biomass (0.877), number of infertile spikelets (0.876) and harvest index (0.855). The results of step-wise regression showed that, in the absence of drought stress, biomass and harvest index had respectively the most important effects on the grain yield but both exhibited different results under drought stress. Path analysis results showed that the most important effect on the grain yield in the total tested treatments was related to the biomass, justifying a total of 87% of grain yield variations, 72% of which is the direct effect of this trait on grain yield.

scholarly journals Correlations and path analysis in soybean progenies with resistance source to cyst nematode (race 3)

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 168-175
Author(s):  
Daniela Sarti Dvorjak ◽  
Sandra Helena Unêda-Trevisoli ◽  
Wallace De Sousa Leite ◽  
Alysson Jalles da Silva ◽  
Fabiana Mota da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Path Analysis ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Important Study ◽  
Genotypic Correlations ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Number Of Seeds

Path analysis is an important study that slices the correlation coefficients between two variables to evaluate whether the relationship between them is of cause and effect. This study aimed to estimate the phenotypic and genotypic correlations between agronomic traits and perform a path analysis in order to identify variables for indirect selection aiming at a higher grain yield. Fourteen soybean F6 lines from the soybean breeding program of FCAV–UNESP, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil, were analyzed. The experimental design was a randomized block design with three replications. The agronomic traits plant height at maturity (PHM), first pod height (FPH), lodging (Ld), agronomic value (AV), number of pods per plant (NP), number of seeds per plant (NS), and grain yield (GY) were evaluated. Overall, the genotypic correlations were higher than their corresponding phenotypic correlations. The genotypic correlations between grain yield and the traits agronomic value, number of pods per plant, and number of seeds per plant were positive, significant, and of high magnitude. Path analysis showed that the trait number of seeds per plant had the highest direct effect on grain yield, while the trait number of pods per plant had the highest indirect effect through the number of seeds per plant on grain yield

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