Analysis on part-time farmers’ welfare changes before and after rural land transfer

2020 ◽  
pp. 002072092093143
Author(s):  
Bin Guo ◽  
He Dongliang
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Social Security ◽  
Occupational Status ◽  
Rural Land ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Welfare Level ◽  
Land Transfer ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Welfare Changes

The premise of promoting the sustainable development of rural land transfer is that rural land transfer can improve the welfare level of farmers. Based on Amartya Sen’s theory of capability, this paper selects part-time farmers’ six welfare functional activities after rural land transfer, including family economic status, social security, health and leisure, social demand, psychological condition and occupational status. A multidimensional welfare measure model of having uneven distribution sensitive and satisfying “Subgroup Conformance” and “path independence” is used to measure the part-time farmers’ welfare changes after rural land transfer. The results show that the comprehensive welfare level of part-time farmers has improved before and after rural land transfer. From the sub dimension index, the welfare level of family economic situation, psychological condition and occupational status has increased obviously, the change of social security welfare level is not significant, the welfare level of health and leisure and social demand has declined, and the welfare loss of various dimensions is increased, which indicates that the welfare distribution of part-time farmers after rural land transfer is more unbalanced. Therefore, it is suggested that the welfare level of the part-time farmers can be improved by improving the rural social security, increasing the training of farmers’ employment knowledge, and providing non-agricultural employment opportunities, thus promoting the sustainable development of rural land transfer.

scholarly journals Research on Farmers’ Willingness of Land Transfer Behavior Based on Food Security

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2338
Author(s):  
Haizi Wang ◽  
Chaowei Li ◽  
Juan Liu ◽  
Shibin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Subjective Norms ◽  
Cultivated Land ◽  
Land Resources ◽  
Rural Land ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Land Transfer ◽  
Land Circulation ◽  
Responsibility System

In China, the current household contract responsibility system has been unable to adapt to the commercialization and marketization of rural cultivated land. Rural land transfer is allowed by the government as a supplement to the household contract responsibility system. However, in 2016, the rural land circulating in China accounted for only 35% of the total national rural land area and there were many problems with the process of land circulation. Therefore, the rural revitalization strategy in China must focus on how to promote rural land circulation with high efficiency to ensure food security in China and high quality to realize the sustainable development of rural land resources. In this study, based on the theory of planned behaviour (TPB), two structural equation models (SEM) for rural land inflow and rural land outflow were used to compare and examine the key factors affecting farmers’ intention to engage in rural land circulation in Shandong Province. Data analysed from a survey of 549 farmers showed that behavioural attitudes, subjective norms, and perceptual behavioural control have a significant impact on farmers’ intention to engage in rural land circulation, and only subjective norms had a negative impact on the land inflow intention model. Behavioural attitudes had the greatest impact in the two models, but the impact paths of the two models were different. In the rural land inflow intention model, the intrinsic value of cultivated land is important to farmers, whereas in the rural land outflow model, the economic rationality of transferring land was mainly considered. The importance of perceptual behavioural control in the rural land outflow model was greater than it was in the rural land inflow model. The results of this research can provide a reference for formulating government policies, achieving the sustainable development of land resources, and guaranteeing food supply.

scholarly journals The Demerger Impact upon Sustainable Development of Economic Entities: Evidence from Romania

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 8316
Author(s):  
Camelia Mirela Baba ◽  
Constantin Duguleană ◽  
Marius Sorin Dincă ◽  
Liliana Duguleană ◽  
Gheorghița Dincă
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Business Strategies ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Profitability Ratios ◽  
Positive Effect

The Covid-19 induced economic crisis has significantly affected almost all businesses from nearly every sector, causing severe financial problems, lack of cash assets, and decrease of revenues. In this context, the economic entities were forced to look for adjustment and rescue solutions of their activities. One possible solution for the recovery and reorganization of economic entities’ activities is demerger. This paper evaluates the impact of demerger upon the sustainable development of economic entities in terms of economic efficiency and financial performances. To achieve this goal, a statistical analysis of profitability ratios before and after the demerger, as well as a structural analysis of 268 demerger projects for the April 2012–April 2021 period, were performed. The results attest there are no significant differences between the ex-ante and ex-post financial performances. However, demerger seems to have a positive effect upon analyzed companies helping them to overcome economic hardships, rethink their business strategies, and continue their activity in the medium and long-term time horizon.

scholarly journals Monitoring oyster culture rafts and seagrass meadows in Nagatsura-ura Lagoon, Sanriku Coast, Japan before and after the 2011 tsunami by remote sensing: their recoveries implying the sustainable development of coastal waters

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e10727
Author(s):  
Hiroki Murata ◽  
Motoyuki Hara ◽  
Chinatsu Yonezawa ◽  
Teruhisa Komatsu
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Coastal Ecosystems ◽  
Oyster Culture ◽  
Sanriku Coast ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Seagrass Meadows ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Aquaculture Management

Background Coastal ecosystems are blue infrastructures that support coastal resources and also aquaculture. Seagrass meadows, one of coastal ecosystems, provide substrates for epiphytic diatoms, which are food resources for cultured filter feeder organisms. Highly intensive coastal aquaculture degrades coastal environments to decrease seagrass meadows. Therefore, efficient aquaculture management and conservation of seagrass meadows are necessary for the sustainable development of coastal waters. In ria-type bays, non-feeding aquaculture of filter feeders such as oysters, scallops, and ascidians are actively practiced along the Sanriku Coast, Japan. Before the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake, the over-deployment of oyster culture facilities polluted the bottom environment and formed an hypoxic bottom water layer due to the organic excrements from cultured oysters. The tsunami in 2011 devastated the aquaculture facilities and seagrass meadows along the Sanriku Coast. We mapped the oyster culture rafts and seagrass meadows in Nagatsura-ura Lagoon, Sanriku Coast before and after the tsunami and monitored those and environments after the tsunami by field surveys. Methods We conducted field surveys and monitored the environmental parameters in Nagatsura-ura Lagoon every month since 2014. We used high-resolution satellite remote sensing images to map oyster culture rafts and seagrass meadows at irregular time intervals from 2006 to 2019 in order to assess their distribution. In 2019, we also used an unmanned aerial vehicle to analyze the spatial variability of the position and the number of ropes suspending oyster clumps beneath the rafts. Results In 2013, the number and distribution of the oyster culture rafts had been completely restored to the pre-tsunami conditions. The mean area of culture raft increased after the tsunami, and ropes suspending oyster clumps attached to a raft in wider space. Experienced local fishermen also developed a method to attach less ropes to a raft, which was applied to half of the oyster culture rafts to improve oyster growth. The area of seagrass meadows has been expanding since 2013. Although the lagoon had experienced frequent oyster mass mortality events in summer before the tsunami, these events have not occurred since 2011. The 2011 earthquake and tsunami deepened the sill depth and widened the entrance to enhance water exchange and improve water quality in the lagoon. These changes brought the expansion of seagrass meadows and reduction of mass mortality events to allow sustainable oyster culture in the lagoon. Mapping and monitoring of seagrass meadows and aquaculture facilities via satellite remote sensing can provide clear visualization of their temporal changes. This can in turn facilitate effective aquaculture management and conservation of coastal ecosystems, which are crucial for the sustainable development of coastal waters.

scholarly journals Environmental Protection and Social Entrepreneurship Activities: The Vision of the Young People

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Oana-Cristina Modoi ◽  
Andreea Vescan
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Young People ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Social Entrepreneurship ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Quality Information ◽  
Social Entrepreneurs ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Development Goals

The involvement of the young people in adopting sustainable behaviors and their possible activities as social entrepreneurs is important, in terms of the future adults who will make decisions on sustainable economic development. The objective of the study is to find out what are drivers, barriers and practices in the vision of young people and adolescents in Romania, in terms of social entrepreneurship. The study took place online and aimed to facilitate access to quality information related to the integration of the sustainable development principles in daily behaviors of young people, their willingness to become involved in social entrepreneurship activities. As a working methodology, a questionnaire is applied to adolescents and young people, before and after the seminars they participate, in which they are asked about how they see their involvement in some activities of the environmental protection and in social entrepreneurship activities or in what way they want to contribute to the achievement of the sustainable development goals (SDGs) and which sustainability goals they would choose first.

scholarly journals Part-time Brokers in Financialised Rural Land Markets: Processes, Typology and Implications

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-88
Author(s):  
V. P. Nirmal Roy
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Rent Seeking ◽  
Land Market ◽  
Land Markets ◽  
Rural Land ◽  
Tax System ◽  
Land Transfer ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Market Regime

This article aims to delineate the part-time matchmaking broker in the rural land markets of Kerala, India, in the light of financialisation of land. While the land scenario in India has garnered attention with respect to urbanisation and financialisation, few studies have analysed the processes involved in rural land markets in conjuncture with financialisation. The article maps out the actors involved in rural land markets so as to trace the role of intermediary brokers, their intricate processes of intermediation and their implications, to understand the process of mediation in the working of rural land markets. Rural land market functioning is analysed in the backdrop of a tax-evading land transfer tax system and brokers who are mainly matchmakers that augment speculative land market activity. In this scenario, the study analyses the various types of intermediaries by revealing how the ‘part-time matchmaking broker’ uses social networks to mediate speculative land purchases in a financialised rural land market regime. The article concludes by drawing attention to the rent-seeking behaviour associated with intermediaries.

scholarly journals Sustainable University: From the Worldwide Conception to the Brazilian Amazonia

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 10875
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Bailão da Silva Lopes ◽  
Thiago Almeida Vieira
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Amazon Region ◽  
Impact Factors ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Brazilian Amazon Region ◽  
The World ◽  
Before And After

Higher Education as a transforming instrument in societies raises the need for universities and Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) as a whole to be leaders in the current paradigm of the time. The objectives of this study are to verify and analyze the movement and actions around the world that drove and started the conceptual model of Sustainable University (SU), as well as these ideas that started in Brazil and their implications for the reality of the Brazilian Amazon Region. A timeline has been sketched and provides additional theoretical insights into universities’ involvement in events before and after the sustainable development process. The methodological procedures were based on a wide literature review in scientific databases that gather journals with satisfactory impact factors; with the refinement of the searches, 87 scientific articles supported the analysis of this study. The results show that universities have played a prominent role on the world stage since 1950, in the post-war period. In the 1970s, HEIs sought to engage in the design of the new paradigm, and in the 1980s it is enunciated as Sustainable Development and conceptualized by the Sustainability approach. Universities, which had been active in discussions and events related to sustainability from the late 1980s onwards, began to organize themselves more effectively and promote sustainable initiatives to become examples of sustainability. Currently, many HEIs from countries in Europe and North America stand out in the initiatives. In Brazil, according to a global classifier, some HEIs seek to align themselves towards the SU model. Until 2019, no university in the Brazilian Amazon region had integrated the ranking, but in 2020, two appear in the list. It appears that information on the sustainability of universities inserted in the context of the Brazilian Amazon is still incipient.

scholarly journals Business and morals: Corporate strategies for sustainable development in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 514-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Banik ◽  
Ka Lin
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Potential Contribution ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Corporate Behavior ◽  
Corporate Strategies ◽  
Csr Strategies ◽  
Before And After ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Political Commitments

AbstractThere has been considerable attention in recent years on the close linkages between business, ethics, and economic development and how businesses not only have responsibilities to their shareholders but also to wider society. The growing power and influence of emerging economies has resulted in increased scholarly interest in China on studying the domestic political commitments to corporate social responsibility strategies (CSR), and their potential contribution to promoting the country's ambitious Belt and Road Initiative and thereby achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This article explores the factors that influence CSR strategies and performance and examines whether we are witnessing the emergence of a new form of social responsibility among Chinese businesses that prioritizes sustainable development. In order to better understand how CSR strategies in China are being potentially reshaped and realigned with the SDGs, we examined the CSR reports and practices of selected Chinese companies both before and after the adoption of the SDGs at the United Nations in 2015. By focusing on the CSR-SDG linkages in China, our study contributes to a better understanding of state advocacy aimed at influencing corporate behavior on sustainable development.

scholarly journals Cross-Regional Highway Built through a City Centre as an Example of the Sustainable Development of Urban Transport

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
pp. 10403
Author(s):  
Magdalena Żak ◽  
Anna Mainka
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
City Centre ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Technical Solutions ◽  
The City

Sustainable development requires ensuring the mobility of residents and must not cause deterioration of the quality of the environment in the selected area. The purpose of this study is to verify if the construction of a cross-regional highway through the city centre affected air quality in the neighbourhood of a newly built road. Air quality was assessed based on measurements of concentrations of nitrogen dioxide, which is considered to be typical for automotive sources air pollution. The spectrophotometric method with passive sampling was used in the 24 h NO2 measurements. The calculated mean NO2 concentrations in the periods before and after road construction were within the ranges of 23.2–31.9 μg/m3 and 22.3–28.9 μg/m3, respectively. The relative NO2 concentrations determined in the study for 10 out of 11 sampling points were lower than the unity, including 5 points markedly lower (0.82–0.89). The obtained results indicate that the construction of the new artery by the city centre, using appropriate technical solutions and traffic organization (tunnel, noise barriers, roundabouts, speed limit) likely contributed to an overall reduction in NO2 concentrations. The presented solution may serve as an example for other cities struggling with problems of low air quality associated with inefficient transportation systems.

scholarly journals Landscape Change and the Sustainable Development Strategy of Different Types of Ethnic Villages Driven by the Grain for Green Program

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 3485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Wang ◽  
David Higgitt ◽  
Yu-Ting Tang ◽  
Jun He ◽  
Luo Guo
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Landscape Change ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Landscape Changes ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Grain For Green ◽  
Grain For Green Program ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Before And After

The Grain for Green Program (GGP) is an important ecological project in China that was implemented to tackle serious soil erosion and forest loss for sustainable development. Investigating landscape change is an efficient way to monitor and assess the implementation of GGP. In this paper, 180 ethnic villages, including 36 Miao and Dong (MD) villages with combined populations of Miao people and Dong people, 65 Dong villages, and 79 Miao villages in Qiandongnan Prefecture were selected to investigate the influence of GGP on ethnic villages by evaluating the landscape changes before and after the implementation of the GGP within 1-km and 2-km distance buffers around ethnic villages. The results show that the GGP has more significant positive impacts on reforestation around Miao villages than Dong villages and MD villages because Miao villages are mostly located in higher and steeper areas, which are the focus of the GGP. Based on the analysis, a continuation of the GGP in Qiandongnan Prefecture is recommended, as it can incentivize the recovery of forest cover in steeper slopes. More attention should now be paid to the Dong villages and MD villages, which were not previously a focus of the GGP.

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