Characteristics of the schizophrenia suicide attempts in comparison with the suicide attempts with other diagnosed psychiatric disorders: An Egyptian study

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 368-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mai SeifElDin Abdeen ◽  
Nermin Mahmoud Shaker ◽  
Hanan Hany Elrassas ◽  
Mostafa Ahmad Hashim ◽  
Mohamed Youssef Abo Zeid
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Past History ◽  
Clinical Interview ◽  
Suicide Attempters ◽  
Schizophrenia Group ◽  
Suicide Probability Scale ◽  
Axis I ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Characteristic Features

Background: There has been much literature on schizophrenia, but little is known about the characteristic features of suicide attempts with schizophrenia in comparison with the suicide attempts with other diagnosed psychiatric disorders. Aims: The objective of this study was to clarify the specific characteristics and risk factors among suicide attempters with schizophrenia that differentiate them from other psychiatric disorders. Methods: Thirty-three suicide attempters diagnosed with schizophrenia and 87 suicide attempters with other psychiatric disorders were included. Suicide attempts seriousness were appraised by the Beck’s Suicide Intent Scale (BSIS). Standardized scales were applied: Suicide Probability Scale (SPS) and Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, Version 11 (BIS-11). The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID-I) and The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis II Disorders (SCID-II) based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV ( DSM-IV) was applied to assess the psychiatric status of individuals. Demographic and clinical characteristics, method of suicide and suicide probability scores and impulsivity were compared among both groups (schizophrenia group and other psychiatric disorders group). Results: In total, 27.5% of suicide attempts suffered from schizophrenia. The current study found that having more past history of medical diseases, longer duration of illness, using more violent suicidal methods, and having less significant suicidal ideations were the significant factors that differentiated schizophrenia suicide attempts from those diagnosed with other psychiatric disorders. The schizophrenia group did not show more impulsivity or hostility than other psychiatric disorders group. Conclusion: These results indicated that each group shows its unique characteristics. They give us new perspectives to prevent suicides in schizophrenia according to their different characteristics.

Prevalence of subthreshold forms of psychiatric disorders in persons making suicide attempts in Hungary

2000 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 354-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Balázs ◽  
I. Bitter ◽  
Y. Lecrubier ◽  
N Csiszér ◽  
G. Ostorharics
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Semistructured Interview ◽  
Suicide Attempters ◽  
Psychiatric Illnesses ◽  
Current Threshold ◽  
Axis I ◽  
Dsm Iv

summaryBackground – Suicide and suicide attempts have been associated to psychiatric illnesses; however, little is known about the role in suicide risk of those symptoms that do not meet the full criteria for a DSM-IV disorder. The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of subthreshold psychiatric disorders among suicide attempters in Hungary. Methods – Using a modified structured interview (Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview) determining 16 Axis I psychiatric diagnoses and their subthreshold forms defined by the DSM-IV and a semistructured interview collecting background information, the authors examined 140 consecutive suicide attempters, aged 18–65 years. Results – Eighty-three-point-six percent of the attempters had one or more current threshold diagnoses on Axis I and in addition more than three-quarters (78.6%) of the subjects had at least one subthreshold diagnosis. Six-point-four percent of the subjects (N = 9) had neither subthreshold nor threshold diagnoses at the time of their suicide attempts. Ten percent of the subjects (N = 14), not meeting the full criteria for any DSM-IV diagnoses, had at least one subthreshold diagnosis. In 68.6% of the subjects (N = 96), both subthreshold and threshold disorders were diagnosed at the time of their suicide attempts. The number of subthreshold and threshold diagnoses were positively and significantly related (χ2 = 5.12, df = 1, P < 0.05). Sixty-three-point-six percent of the individuals received two or more current threshold diagnoses on Axis I and 44.3% of the individuals (N = 62) had two or more subthreshold diagnoses at the time of their suicide attempts. Limitations – The subthreshold definitions in this study included only those forms of the disorders which required the same duration as the criteria DSM-IV disorder with fewer symptoms. Conclusions – Suicide attempts showed a very high prevalence of subthreshold disorders besides psychiatric disorders meeting the full criteria required according to the DSM-IV. Subthreshold forms of mental disorders need to be taken into account in suicide prevention.

scholarly journals Study of Life Stressors and Suicidal Intent of Suicidal Attempters with or Without Axis 1 Psychiatric Comorbidities: A Case Control Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sivabalan E ◽  
Arun Narayan Pradeep
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Life Stressors ◽  
Suicide Attempters ◽  
Suicidal Intent ◽  
Axis I Disorders ◽  
Axis I ◽  
Control Study

Background: Suicide attempts and Psychiatric illness are interrelated in a complex and bi directional way such that either of them leaves an impact on the other. People with Psychiatric morbidity are at high risk of attempting suicide. Even though extensive research works have been done in suicide, there is a paucity of studies focusing the mentally ill attempters, especially with reference to Intent and Lethality. Hence the present study designed to study the various parameters , contributing factors and Risk factors associated with suicide attempts of patient with Axis I disorders. Aim: 1.To assess the life stressors and suicidal intent in suicide attempters with Axis I psychiatric disorders. 2. To assess the life stressors and suicidal intent in suicide attempters without Axis I psychiatric disorders. 3. Compare the life stressors and suicidal intent in suicide attempters with and without axis I disorders. Material and Methods: The study subjects of this case control study were recruited from the patients referred to the department of Psychiatry from Medicine, Surgical and Intensive care wards for Psychiatric evaluation.30 patients of attempted suicide who had Axis I diagnosis as per the ICD – 10 criteria were taken as cases and 30 age and sex matched patients were taken as controls. Results: 1.The suicidal intent is high in Suicide attempters with Axis I Disorders. 2. The lethality is high in Suicidal attempters with Axis I Disorders. 3. Stress factors play a major role in Suicide attempters with Axis I disorders.

Study of DSM-IV Axis I psychiatric disorders in patients with refractory complex partial seizures using a short structured clinical interview

2010 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soaham D. Desai ◽  
Garima Shukla ◽  
Vinay Goyal ◽  
Sumit Singh ◽  
M.V. Padma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Clinical Interview ◽  
Partial Seizures ◽  
Complex Partial Seizures ◽  
Axis I ◽  
Dsm Iv

scholarly journals Study of psychiatric comorbidity in patients with headache using a short structured clinical interview in a rural neurology clinic in Western India

2014 ◽  
Vol 05 (S 01) ◽  
pp. S039-S042 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soaham Dilip Desai ◽  
Radhika Himanshu Pandya
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Comorbidity ◽  
Clinical Interview ◽  
Western India ◽  
Headache Disorders ◽  
Primary Headache Disorders ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
Neurology Clinic ◽  
Axis I ◽  
Dsm Iv

ABSTRACT Background: Psychiatric disorders are common in patients attending neurology clinics with headache. Evaluation of psychiatric comorbidity in patients with headache is often missed in the busy neurology clinics. Aims: To assess the prevalence of Axis-I DSM-IV psychiatric disorders in patients with primary headache disorders in a rural-based tertiary neurology clinic in Western India. Settings and Design: A cross-sectional observation survey was conducting assessing all patients with migraine, tension-type headache and chronic daily headache attending the Neurology Clinic of Shree Krishna Hospital, a rural medical teaching hospital in Karamsad, in Gujarat in Western India. Materials and Methods: A total of 101 consecutive consenting adults with headache were interviewed using Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.), a structured diagnostic clinical interview to assess prevalence of Axis-I DSM-IV psychiatric disorders. Statistical Analysis: Descriptive statistics were calculated using SPSS software version 16 and a binomial regression model was used to study the relationship of psychiatric co-morbidity with patient-related factors. Results: 49 out of 101 (48.5%) patients with headache suffered from depressive disorders (dysthymia or depression or suicidality), 18 out of 101 patients with headache (17.90%) suffered from anxiety related disorders (generalized anxiety disorder or agoraphobia or social phobia or panic disorder). Conclusions: Axis-I psychiatric disorders are a significant comorbidity among patients with headache disorders. M.I.N.I. can be used as a short, less time consuming instrument to assess all patients with headache disorders.

Effect of Clozapine on Psychiatric Comorbidities in Patients with Schizophrenia

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S197-S197 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Gürcan ◽  
Ş. Hun Şenol ◽  
A.E. Anıl Yağcıoğlu ◽  
A. Ertuğrul
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Clinical Interview ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Psychiatric Comorbidities ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Laboratory Test Results ◽  
Axis I ◽  
Dsm Iv

IntroductionClozapine has superior efficacy in treatment-resistant schizophrenia, and has various effects on psychiatric comorbidities, which may affect the illness course.AimsWe aimed to assess the past and current psychiatric comorbidities in schizophrenia patients treated with clozapine, and study their relationship with clinical variables.MethodsConsecutive 122 outpatients who met DSM-IV criteria for schizophrenia receiving clozapine were included. Information about past and current clinical status were gathered through a clinical interview and review of the medical records, along with laboratory test results. Patients were assessed with structured clinical interview for Axis-I Disorders for DSM-IV, Clinical Global Impression Scale, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Calgary Depression Scale, Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS), Panic and Agoraphobia Scale (PAS), WHO-Disability Assessment Schedule-II.ResultsThere was a significant decrease in the diagnosis of depression, alcohol and substance use disorder, number of suicide attempts, and an increase in the diagnosis of obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) after clozapine initiation. Clozapine related de novo OCD appeared in 48.4% of the patients, and there was a positive correlation between Y-BOCS total scores and clozapine dose and plasma levels. In the de novo OCD group, compulsion scores were higher than obsession scores with checking most prevalent among compulsions. Total PANSS, Y-BOCS, PASscores were positively correlated withtotal disability score.ConclusionsClozapine seems to decrease comorbid depression, alcohol and substance use and number of suicide attempts and increase OCD. Assessment and treatment of psychiatric comorbidities in clozapine using schizophrenia patients is vital to decrease disability.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Suicidal Behavior and Non-Suicidal Self-Injury in Emergency Departments Underestimated by Administrative Claims Data

Crisis ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 318-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Stanley ◽  
Glenn W. Currier ◽  
Megan Chesin ◽  
Sadia Chaudhury ◽  
Shari Jager-Hyman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Departments ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
The United States ◽  
Administrative Claims ◽  
Suicide Attempters ◽  
Self Injury ◽  
Axis I ◽  
Ed Visits ◽  
External Causes ◽  
Severe Psychopathology

Abstract. Background: External causes of injury codes (E-codes) are used in administrative and claims databases for billing and often employed to estimate the number of self-injury visits to emergency departments (EDs). Aims: This study assessed the accuracy of E-codes using standardized, independently administered research assessments at the time of ED visits. Method: We recruited 254 patients at three psychiatric emergency departments in the United States between 2007 and 2011, who completed research assessments after presenting for suicide-related concerns and were classified as suicide attempters (50.4%, n = 128), nonsuicidal self-injurers (11.8%, n = 30), psychiatric controls (29.9%, n = 76), or interrupted suicide attempters (7.8%, n = 20). These classifications were compared with their E-code classifications. Results: Of the participants, 21.7% (55/254) received an E-code. In all, 36.7% of research-classified suicide attempters and 26.7% of research-classified nonsuicidal self-injurers received self-inflicted injury E-codes. Those who did not receive an E-code but should have based on the research assessments had more severe psychopathology, more Axis I diagnoses, more suicide attempts, and greater suicidal ideation. Limitations: The sample came from three large academic medical centers and these findings may not be generalizable to all EDs. Conclusion: The frequency of ED visits for self-inflicted injury is much greater than current figures indicate and should be increased threefold.

scholarly journals Neuropsychological deficits in past suicide attempters with varying levels of depression severity

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (14) ◽  
pp. 2965-2974 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. G. Keilp ◽  
S. R. Beers ◽  
A. K. Burke ◽  
N. M. Melhem ◽  
M. A. Oquendo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Past History ◽  
Clinical State ◽  
Suicide Attempters ◽  
History Of ◽  
Attention Memory ◽  
Interference Processing

BackgroundOur previous work identified deficits in interference processing and learning/memory in past suicide attempters who were currently depressed and medication-free. In this study, we extend this work to an independent sample studied at various stages of illness and treatment (mild symptoms, on average) to determine if these deficits in past suicide attempters are evident during a less severe clinical state.MethodA total of 80 individuals with a past history of major depression and suicide attempt were compared with 81 individuals with a history of major depression and no lifetime suicide attempts on a battery of neurocognitive measures assessing attention, memory, abstract/contingent learning, working memory, language fluency and impulse control.ResultsPast attempters performed more poorly in attention, memory and working memory domains, but also in an estimate of pre-morbid intelligence. After correction for this estimate, tests that had previously distinguished past attempters – a computerized Stroop task and the Buschke Selective Reminding Test – remained significantly worse in attempters. In a secondary analysis, similar differences were found among those with the lowest levels of depression (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale score <10), suggesting that these deficits may be trait markers independent of current symptomatology.ConclusionsDeficits in interference processing and learning/memory constitute an enduring defect in information processing that may contribute to poor adaptation, other higher-order cognitive impairments and risk for suicidal behavior.

scholarly journals Dissecting clinical heterogeneity of bipolar disorder using multiple polygenic risk scores

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brandon J. Coombes ◽  
Matej Markota ◽  
J. John Mann ◽  
Colin Colby ◽  
Eli Stahl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Rapid Cycling ◽  
Clinical Heterogeneity ◽  
Polygenic Risk ◽  
Clinical Observations ◽  
History Of ◽  
Dsm Iv

AbstractBipolar disorder (BD) has high clinical heterogeneity, frequent psychiatric comorbidities, and elevated suicide risk. To determine genetic differences between common clinical sub-phenotypes of BD, we performed a systematic PRS analysis using multiple polygenic risk scores (PRSs) from a range of psychiatric, personality, and lifestyle traits to dissect differences in BD sub-phenotypes in two BD cohorts: the Mayo Clinic BD Biobank (N = 968) and Genetic Association Information Network (N = 1001). Participants were assessed for history of psychosis, early-onset BD, rapid cycling (defined as four or more episodes in a year), and suicide attempts using questionnaires and the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV. In a combined sample of 1969 bipolar cases (45.5% male), those with psychosis had higher PRS for SCZ (OR = 1.3 per S.D.; p = 3e-5) but lower PRSs for anhedonia (OR = 0.87; p = 0.003) and BMI (OR = 0.87; p = 0.003). Rapid cycling cases had higher PRS for ADHD (OR = 1.23; p = 7e-5) and MDD (OR = 1.23; p = 4e-5) and lower BD PRS (OR = 0.8; p = 0.004). Cases with a suicide attempt had higher PRS for MDD (OR = 1.26; p = 1e-6) and anhedonia (OR = 1.22; p = 2e-5) as well as lower PRS for educational attainment (OR = 0.87; p = 0.003). The observed novel PRS associations with sub-phenotypes align with clinical observations such as rapid cycling BD patients having a greater lifetime prevalence of ADHD. Our findings confirm that genetic heterogeneity underlies the clinical heterogeneity of BD and consideration of genetic contribution to psychopathologic components of psychiatric disorders may improve genetic prediction of complex psychiatric disorders.

scholarly journals DSM-IV Axis II personality disorders and suicide and attempted suicide in China

2016 ◽  
Vol 209 (4) ◽  
pp. 319-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongsheng Tong ◽  
Michael R. Phillips ◽  
Kenneth R. Conner
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Suicidal Behaviour ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Axis Ii ◽  
Clinical Interviews ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Axis I ◽  
Dsm Iv

BackgroundThere are meagre data on Axis II personality disorders and suicidal behaviour in China.AimsTo describe the prevalence of Axis II personality disorders in suicides and suicide attempts in China and to estimate risk for these outcomes associated with personality disorders.MethodPeople who died by suicide (n = 151), people who attempted suicide (n = 118) and living community controls (n = 140) were randomly sampled from four Chinese counties and studied using the Structured Clinical Interviews for DSM-IV-TR Axis I Disorders (SCID-I) and Axis II Personality Disorders (SCID-II). We also determined the prevalence of subthreshold versions of ten DSM-IV personality disorders.ResultsAxis II personality disorders were present in 7% of the suicide group, 6% of the suicide attempt group and 1% of the control group. Threshold and subthreshold personality disorders had adjusted odds ratios (point estimates) in the range of 2.7–8.0 for suicide and for suicide attempts.ConclusionsAxis II personality disorders may confer increased risk for suicidal behaviour in China, but their low prevalence in the community and among people with suicidal behaviour suggests that other personality constructs such as select dimensional traits may be a more fruitful avenue for understanding and preventing suicide in China.

scholarly journals Psychiatric morbidity among sentenced prisoners: prevalence study in Iran

2006 ◽  
Vol 188 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Mohammad Assadi ◽  
Maryam Noroozian ◽  
Mahdi Pakravannejad ◽  
Omid Yahyazadeh ◽  
Shahrokh Aghayan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Prison Population ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Psychopathy Checklist ◽  
Western Countries ◽  
Current Axis ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Axis I ◽  
Dsm Iv

BackgroundInformation on psychiatric morbidity of prisoners has almost entirely been based on research in Western countries and it is uncertain whether these research findings are applicable to other settings.AimsThe primary objective was to investigate the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in Iranian prisoners.MethodThrough stratified random sampling, 351 prisoners were interviewed using the clinical version of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IVAxis I Disorders and the Psychopathy Checklist: Screening Version.ResultsThe majority (88%) of prisoners met DSM – IV criteria for lifetime diagnosis of at least one Axis I disorder and 57% were diagnosed with current Axis I disorders. Opioid dependence (73%) had the highest prevalence among lifetime diagnoses, whereas major depressive disorder (29%) was the most common current diagnosis. Psychopathy was recorded in 23%. Prevalence rates of psychiatric disorders were significantly different among offence categories.ConclusionsThe results suggest that a substantial burden of psychiatric morbidity exists in the prison population of Iran, with treatment challenges that appear to be different from those observed in inmates in Western countries.

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