Mechanical properties, impact fracture behavior, and morphology of long-polyimide-fiber-reinforced poly(butylene terephthalate) composites

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (24) ◽  
pp. 3425-3439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhengyang Yu ◽  
Xiaodong Wang ◽  
Dezhen Wu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Impact Toughness ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Impact Energy ◽  
Strain Energy ◽  
Composite System ◽  
Fiber Pullout ◽  
Butylene Terephthalate ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Polyimide Fiber

The present study focuses on the mechanical properties, impact behaviors, and morphology of a new long-fiber-reinforced composite system based on poly(butylene terephthalate) and polyimide fiber prepared by melt pultrusion. Mechanical characterization revealed that the obtained composites achieved significant improvements not only in tensile and flexural strength but also in impact toughness. It is highlighted that the Izod impact strength was improved by a factor of 5 when 12 wt% PI fiber was incorporated into the matrix. Morphological investigation indicated that the fiber pullout was the dominant mechanism for tensile failure, whereas the enhancement of impact toughness was attributed to the energy dissipation by both the fiber pullout and fiber strain. In this case, a simple fiber strain energy model was used to predict the impact strength of this composite system. The theoretical results showed a good fit with the experimental data of impact energy due to the fiber strain energy absorption involved in the major dissipation of impact energy. In addition, the incorporation of polyimide fiber not only enhanced the crystallinity of poly(butylene terephthalate) due to the heterogeneous nucleating effect but also improved the thermal stability of composites by promoting the carbonization of the matrix. As a result of this study, the high-performance composites based on a thermoplastic matrix and an organic reinforcing fiber were created for the engineering and structural applications.

Morphology and Mechanical Properties of Polyethylene Terephthalate/Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (PET/EPDM) in the Presence of Nanoclay

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-259
Author(s):  
Baifen Liu ◽  
Mohammad Mirjalili ◽  
Peiman Valipour ◽  
Sajad Porzal ◽  
shirin Nourbakhsh
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Thermal Destruction ◽  
Processing Temperature ◽  
Tem Analysis ◽  
Maximum Stiffness ◽  
Cloisite 30B ◽  
Nano Clay ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Sample Maximum

This research deals with the mechanical properties, microstructure, and interrelations of triple nanocomposite based on PET/EPDM/Nanoclay. These properties were examined in different percentages of PET/EPDM blend with compatibilizer (Styrene-Ethylene/Butylene-Styrene)-G-(Maleic anhydrate) (SEBS-g-MAH). Results showed that the addition of 15% SEBS-g-MAH improved the toughness and impact strength of this nanocomposite. SEM micrographs indicated the most stable fuzzy microstructure in a 50/50 mixture of scattered phases of EPDM/SEBS-g-MAH. The effects of percentages of 1, 3, 5, 7 nanoclay Cloisite 30B (C30B) on the improvement of the properties were evaluated. With the addition of nano clay, the toughness and impact strength was reduced. Thermal destruction of nanoclay in processing temperature led to the decreasing dispersion of clay plates in the matrix and a reduction in the distances of nano clay plates in the composite compared to pure nano clay. XRD and TEM analysis was used to demonstrate the results. By adding 1% of nanoclay to the optimal sample, maximum stiffness, and Impact strength, among other nanocomposites, was achieved.

Effect of Tempering Time on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of SA738 Gr.B Steel

2021 ◽  
Vol 1016 ◽  
pp. 1739-1746
Author(s):  
Yan Mei Li ◽  
Shu Zhan Zhang ◽  
Zai Wei Jiang ◽  
Sheng Yu ◽  
Qi Bin Ye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Impact Toughness ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Microstructure Evolution ◽  
Impact Energy ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Microstructure And Mechanical Properties ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Tempering Time

The effect of tempering time on the microstructure and mechanical properties of SA738 Gr.B nuclear power steel was studied using SEM, TEM and thermodynamic software, and its precipitation and microstructure evolution during tempering were clarified. The results showed that SA738 Gr.B nuclear power steel has better comprehensive mechanical properties after tempering at 650 °C for 1h. With the extension of the tempering time, M3C transformed into M23C6 with increasing size, which affected the yield strength and impact energy. When the tempering time is 8h ~ 10h, due to the transformation of M3C to M23C6, the composition of matrix around the carbide changed, causing the temperature of Ac1 dropped, forming twin-martensite which deteriorated the impact toughness of the steel.

scholarly journals The degradation of mechanical properties in halloysite nanoclay–polyester nanocomposites exposed to diluted methanol

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (11) ◽  
pp. 1653-1664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Shahneel Saharudin ◽  
Rasheed Atif ◽  
Islam Shyha ◽  
Fawad Inam
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Impact Toughness ◽  
Degradation Of Mechanical Properties ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Methanol Exposure ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Methanol System ◽  
Methanol Absorption

The degradation of mechanical properties in halloysite nanoclay–polyester nanocomposites was studied after an exposure of 24 h in diluted methanol system by clamping test specimens across steel templates. The glass transition temperature ( Tg) and storage modulus increased steadily with the increase of halloysite nanoclays before and after diluted methanol exposure. The addition of nano-fillers was found to reduce liquid uptake by 0.6% in case of 1 wt% reinforcement compared to monolithic polyester. The mechanical properties of polyester-based nanocomposites were found to decrease as a result of diluted methanol absorption. After diluted methanol exposure, the maximum microhardness, tensile, flexural and impact toughness values were observed at 1 wt% of halloysite nanoclay. The microhardness increased from 203 to 294 HV (45% increase). The Young’s modulus increased from 0.49 to 0.83 GPa (70% increase) and the tensile strength increased from 23 to 27 MPa (17.4% increase). The impact toughness increased from 0.19 to 0.54 kJ/m2 in diluted methanol system (184% increase). Surprisingly, the fracture toughness of all types of nanocomposites was found to increase after exposing to diluted methanol due to plasticization effect. Scanning electron microscope images of the fractured surfaces of tensile specimens revealed that the methanol increased the ductility of the matrix and reduced the mechanical properties of the nanocomposites.

scholarly journals Impact Strength and Flexural Properties Enhancement of Methacrylate Silane Treated Oil Palm Mesocarp Fiber Reinforced Biodegradable Hybrid Composites

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chern Chiet Eng ◽  
Nor Azowa Ibrahim ◽  
Norhazlin Zainuddin ◽  
Hidayah Ariffin ◽  
Wan Md. Zin Wan Yunus
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Flexural Properties ◽  
Melt Blending ◽  
Fiber Loading ◽  
Hydrophobic Polymer ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Water Absorption Test

Natural fiber as reinforcement filler in polymer composites is an attractive approach due to being fully biodegradable and cheap. However, incompatibility between hydrophilic natural fiber and hydrophobic polymer matrix restricts the application. The current studies focus on the effects of incorporation of silane treated OPMF into polylactic acid (PLA)/polycaprolactone (PCL)/nanoclay/OPMF hybrid composites. The composites were prepared by melt blending technique and characterize the composites with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). FTIR spectra indicated that peak shifting occurs when silane treated OPMF was incorporated into hybrid composites. Based on mechanical properties results, incorporation of silane treated OPMF enhances the mechanical properties of unmodified OPMF hybrid composites with the enhancement of flexural and impact strength being 17.60% and 48.43%, respectively, at 10% fiber loading. TGA thermogram shows that incorporation of silane treated OPMF did not show increment in thermal properties of hybrid composites. SEM micrographs revealed that silane treated OPMF hybrid composites show good fiber/matrix adhesion as fiber is still embedded in the matrix and no cavity is present on the surface. Water absorption test shows that addition of less hydrophilic silane treated OPMF successfully reduces the water uptake of hybrid composites.

Processability and Mechanical Properties of CB/PVC Composite

2013 ◽  
Vol 681 ◽  
pp. 252-255
Author(s):  
Xiu Qi Liu ◽  
He Qin Xing ◽  
Li Li Zhao ◽  
Dan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Melt Blending ◽  
The Matrix

In our study, a new kind of material was prepared by melt blending with PVC as the matrix and carbon black (CB) as the filler. With the amount of CB increasing, the notched impact strength of composite increased greatly, however the tensile strength declined. When the amount of CB was 30%, the notched impact strength of composite was 9.66 KJ/m2, the tensile strength dropped from 48.3MPa to 33.2MPa. The distribution of CB in the PVC matrix is relatively uniform and no large agglomeration in the PVC matrix.

PLA-Based Biodegradable Copolyester Nanocomposites: Preparation, Characterization and Mechanical Properties

2011 ◽  
Vol 380 ◽  
pp. 290-293
Author(s):  
Bing Tao Wang ◽  
Ping Zhang ◽  
De Gao
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Interfacial Adhesion ◽  
Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxanes ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Butylene Terephthalate ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Different Characteristics

In situ melt copolycondensation was proposed to prepare biodegradable copolyester nanocomposites based on degradable components poly(L-lactic acid) (PLA), rigid segments poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT), and nanoparticles polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS). The morphologies and dispersions of two POSS nanoparticles (POSS-NH2 and POSS-PEG) in the copolyester PLABT matrix and their effects on the mechanical properties were investigated. The results demonstrated that the morphologies and dispersions of POSS-NH2 and POSS-PEG showed quite different characteristics. POSS-PEG took better dispersion in the PLABT, while POSS-NH2 had poor dispersions and formed crystalline microaggregates. Due to the good dispersion and strong interfacial adhesion of POSS-PEG with the matrix, the tensile strength and Young’s modulus were greatly improved from 6.4 and 9.6 MPa for neat PLABT up to 11.2 and 70.7 MPa for PLABT/POSS-PEG nanocomposite. Moreover, the incorporation of POSS-PEG could impart macromolecular chains good flexibility and improve the mobility of the chains, so the the elongation at break of PLABT/POSS-PEG nanocomposite dramatically increased from 190 to 350 % compared with neat PLABT.

scholarly journals An Investigation on Wear, Hardness and Impact Behaviour of Hybrid Composites

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 538-546
Author(s):  
Gangadhara H S
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Epoxy Composite ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Pairwise Comparison ◽  
Relative Significance ◽  
Synthetic Fibers ◽  
New Class ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Two Hybrid

Abstract: According to the environmental aspects, the combinations of natural and synthetic fibers has been used for making eco-friendly products. The present investigation has been made develop and characterize a new class of composites with a polymer called epoxy-resin as the matrix and Hemp and synthetic fibers (Carbon, E-glass, Kevlar) are the reinforcing material. These materials are fabricated using hand layup technique to frame a fallowing hybrid composite, 1) Hemp/Carbon/Epoxy 2) Hemp/E-glass/Epoxy 3) Hemp/Kevlar/epoxy composites of 3mm thickness to find the various mechanical properties (wear, hardness and impact strength) of produced samples as per ASTM Standards. For defining relative significance of measured norms pairwise comparison was done. Wear, Hardness and Impact properties are carried out. The effect of fiber loading and length on mechanical properties like wear, hardness and impact strength of composites is studied. In these fallowing conditions shows a better property. The result on this study indicated that Hemp/Kevlar/Epoxy composite shows better impact mechanical properties compare to another two hybrid composites. Hemp/E-Glass/Epoxy composite shows better wear and hardness properties compare to another two hybrid composites. Hemp/Carbon/Epoxy composite shows intermediate properties compare to Hemp/E-Glass/Epoxy and Hemp/Kevlar/Epoxy composite. Keywords: Hemp, Carbon, Glass, Kevlar, Epoxy, Wear, Hardness, Impact test

Mechanical Properties of Acrylate-Styrene-Acrylonitrile/Bagasse Composites

2013 ◽  
Vol 747 ◽  
pp. 355-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pornsri Pakeyangkoon ◽  
Benjawan Ploydee
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Wood Plastic Composite ◽  
Wood Plastic Composites ◽  
Plastic Composite ◽  
Plastic Composites ◽  
Roll Mill ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Styrene Acrylonitrile

Mechanical properties of wood plastic composite, prepared from acrylate-styrene-acrylonitrile (ASA) and bagasse, were investigated. In this study, 10 to 50 phr of bagasse were used in order to obtain the wood plastic composite with superior mechanical properties. The wood plastic composites in the study were prepared by melt-blending technique. All materials were mixed by using a two-roll-mill, shaped into sheets by a compression molding machine and the specimens were cut with a cutting machine. Youngs modulus, flexural strength, flexural modulus, impact strength and hardness of the wood plastic composites were investigated and found to improve with increasing bagasse content. However, some composite properties, i.e., impact strength, was decreased by adding the bagasse and then become steady when the amount of bagasse added was more than 30 phr. It was concluded that wood plastic composites with the desirable mechanical properties can be formulated using ASA as the matrix polymer and 50 phr of bagasse.

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Spray Deposited W9Mo3Cr4V High Speed Steel

2011 ◽  
Vol 391-392 ◽  
pp. 714-718
Author(s):  
Rui Zhou ◽  
Jian Fei Sun ◽  
Ying Jun Yang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Impact Toughness ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Spray Deposition ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
Solidification Shrinkage ◽  
Microstructure And Mechanical Properties ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
The Impact

Microstructure and mechanical properties of W9Mo3Cr4V high speed steel fabricated by spray deposition have been studied. Spray deposited W9Mo3Cr4V high speed steel has a typical equiaxed structure which is finer and more homogeneous with a grain size of 20-30 micrometer compared with conventional casted counterparts. There are pores in the matrix of the deposited steel, which involve gas porosity, filling porosity and solidification shrinkage. As-deposited high speed steel is mainly composed of martensite, austenite and carbides which comprise MC carbide and M6C carbide. Mechanical properties show that the hardness and bending strength of the as-deposited steel are higher than that of the conventionally casted ones. However, impact toughness of the high speed steel is lower than that of the conventionally casted steel, which can be attributed to the existence of porosities and M6C carbides which reduce the impact toughness of high speed steels.

scholarly journals Characterisation of Used PP-Based Car Bumpers and Their Recycling Properties

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. P. Luda ◽  
V. Brunella ◽  
D. Guaratto
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical Properties ◽  
Speed Test ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Internal Mixer ◽  
Mineral Fillers ◽  
The Impact

Three used PP-based car bumpers are characterized by many techniques (fractionation, IR, TGA, DSC, DMTA, and SEM). They show different impact and static and dynamic mechanical properties depending on their composition and morphology. It appears that block copolymer compatibilizers constituted by polyethylene-polypropylene sequences allow a better compatibility between the rubber domains and the PP matrix leading to relatively high impact resistance. Indeed if the ethylene sequences of the copolymer are large enough to crystallize, the decreased mobility of the whole system impairs the impact resistance. In addition, a higher amount of rubber in domains regular in shape and of greater dimension (1–3 μm) promotes a more homogeneous dispersion of external force inside the material, decreasing the risk of fracture. The amount of mineral fillers regulates the elastic modulus (the higher the load, the higher the modulus); however, a fairly good interfacial adhesion is required for satisfactory impact strength. All PP-based bumpers have been mechanically recycled in an internal mixer to redistribute oxidized species and to reestablish phase compatibilization. Recycling improves mechanical properties in slow speed test but fails to increase impact strength particularly in filled bumper, in which the quality of the matrix/filler interphase is hard to improve by simple remixing.

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