Comparative Recovery of Streptococcus mutans on Five Isolation Media, Including a New Simple Selective Medium

1986 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 906-908 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.J.M. Schaeken ◽  
J.S. Van der Hoeven ◽  
H.C.M. Franken
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Yeast Extract ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Selective Medium ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Additional Advantage ◽  
Selective Media ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Isolation Media

For the isolation of Streptococcus mutans, several selective media have been developed, of which Mitis-Salivarius Sucrose Bacitracin agar (MSB) is the most widely used (Gold et al., 1973). Recently, the Trypticase Yeast-Extract Cystine agar medium (TYC, de Stoppelaar et al., 1967) was modified into a selective medium for S. mutans , called Trypticase Yeast-Extract Cystine Sucrose Bacitracin (TYCSB, van Palenstein Helderman et al., 1983). The aim of this study was to compare the recovery of S. mutans from clinical samples on Mitis-Salivarius agar (MS), MSB, TYC, and TYCSB. Further, a new simple selective medium for S. mutans was introduced. This medium, called TSY20B, was supposed to have the same qualities as TYCSB, but its preparation is less laborious. One hundred eighty-five plaque and saliva samples from 37 subjects were plated on MS, MSB, TYC, and TYCSB, and 285 samples from 23 subjects were plated on TYCSB and TSY20B. All plates were incubated at 37°C in a 91% N2, 5% CO2, 4% H2 atmosphere for five days. The S. mutans counts on TYC and TYCSB were significantly higher than on MS or MSB by almost a factor of 10. Seventy-seven percent of the samples gave higher S. mutans counts on TYCSB than on MSB. Especially, samples with high S. mutans dlg numbers gave lower S. mutans counts on MSB. These data clearly indicate that MSB agar is inhibitory for S. mutans and should not be used. An additional advantage of TYCSB over MSB agar is the possibility of distinguishing S. mutans serotypes dlg from other serotypes. No significant difference was found between the recovery of S. mutans on TYCSB and its simplified version, TSY20B.

scholarly journals A selective medium for the isolation of the acinetobacter genus bacteria

1980 ◽  
Vol 75 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 11-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Altair A. Zebral
Keyword(s):  
Yeast Extract ◽  
Crystal Violet ◽  
Sodium Citrate ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Selective Medium ◽  
Phenol Red ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Fermentative Activity

A selective and differencial medium was developed for the isolation of Acinetobacter genus bacteria. This Acinobacter Agar Medium (p.H + 7.4) contains in grams per litre: thiotone, 10; yeast extract, 3; naC1, 5; saccharose, 10; mannitol, 10; sodium citrate, 0.5; sodium desoxycholate, 0.1; crystal violet, 0.00025; phenol red, 0.04 and agar-agar 15. This medium has the advantage of inhibiting the growth of cocci and Gram-positive bacilli, by the use of sodium citrate and sodium desoxycholate associated with the crystal violet; and of differentiating the Gram-negative bacilli from the Enterobacteriaceae, through the fermentative activity upon the saccharose and/or mannitol, contrasting with the complete inactivity of the Acinetobacter genus bacteria over those substances.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Campylobacter , Arcobacter , Helicobacter , and Sutterella spp. in Human Fecal Samples as Estimated by a Reevaluation of Isolation Methods for Campylobacters

2000 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 286-291
Author(s):  
Jørgen Engberg ◽  
Stephen L. W. On ◽  
Clare S. Harrington ◽  
Peter Gerner-Smidt
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Filter Method ◽  
Campylobacter Coli ◽  
Human Feces ◽  
Campylobacter Concisus ◽  
Selective Media ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Isolation Methods ◽  
Arcobacter Butzleri

ABSTRACT The aims of this study were to investigate the prevalence of campylobacteria including Campylobacter jejuni subsp. jejuni ( C. jejuni ) and Campylobacter coli in human clinical samples and in samples from healthy individuals and to reevaluate the efficacies of conventional selective methods for isolation of Campylobacter spp. Two charcoal-based selective media, modified charcoal cefoperazone deoxycholate agar (mCCDA) and cefoperazone-amphotericin-teicoplanin (CAT) agar, were compared with Skirrow's blood-based medium and with a filter method (filter) applied to a yeast-enriched blood agar. A total of 1,376 specimens were tested on all four media, and the percentages of thermophilic Campylobacter -positive specimens isolated on Skirrow's medium, filters, CAT agar, and mCCDA were 82, 83, 85, and 95%, respectively. When additional samples were processed with the three selective media, mCCDA recovered significantly more thermophilic Campylobacter spp. than Skirrow's medium ( P = 0.0034). No significant difference between Skirrow's medium and CAT agar was observed in this study. Another six taxa were identified, namely, Campylobacter concisus , Campylobacter curvus -like bacteria, Arcobacter butzleri , Arcobacter cryaerophilus , Helicobacter cinaedi , and Sutterella wadsworthensis . Most of these strains were isolated after 5 to 6 days of incubation by use of the filter technique. This paper provides evidence for the existence of S. wadsworthensis in human feces from clinical cases of gastrointestinal disorders and in feces from a healthy individual. Furthermore, C. concisus was isolated from a large number of diarrheal cases, particularly those at the extremes of age, but was additionally isolated from the feces of healthy people. Further investigations to establish the role of C. concisus and S. wadsworthensis in enteric disease is needed. We conclude that a range of campylobacteria may cause infections in Denmark.

Evaluation of Thin Agar Layer Method for Recovery of Acid-Injured Foodborne Pathogens†

2001 ◽  
Vol 64 (7) ◽  
pp. 1067-1071 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. C. H. WU ◽  
D. Y. C. FUNG ◽  
D. H. KANG ◽  
L. K. THOMPSON
Keyword(s):  
Foodborne Pathogens ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
Selective Medium ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Selective Media ◽  
Layer Method ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Selective Agents ◽  
One Step ◽  
Agar Layer

The thin agar layer (TAL) method of Kang and Fung was used to enumerate acid-injured foodborne pathogens. This method involves overlaying 14 ml of nonselective medium (tryptic soy agar [TSA]) onto a prepoured and solidified pathogen-specific, selective medium in a petri dish. After surface plating, injured cells resuscitated and grew on TSA during the first few hours of incubation; then, the selective agents from the selective medium diffused to the top layer, interacted with the recovered microorganisms, and started to produce typical reactions. Foodborne pathogens were exposed to 2% acetic acid for 1, 2, or 4 min, and the recovery rate with the TAL method was compared with the rate of TSA and pathogen-specific, selective media. No significant difference occurred between TSA and TAL (P > 0.05) for enumeration of acid-injured Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella Typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus, and Yersinia enterocolitica, and both recovered significantly higher numbers than the selective medium for each respective pathogen (P < 0.05). For recovery of acid-injured Listeria monocytogenes, no difference (P > 0.05) occurred among TSA, TAL, and selective media. However, fewer cells were recovered in the selective media. The TAL method is a one-step, convenient procedure for recovery of acid-injured cells.

scholarly journals Performance of chromID ESBL, a chromogenic medium for detection of Enterobacteriaceae producing extended-spectrum β-lactamases

2008 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 310-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hélène Réglier-Poupet ◽  
Thierry Naas ◽  
Amélie Carrer ◽  
Anne Cady ◽  
Jean-Marie Adam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agar Medium ◽  
Klebsiella Oxytoca ◽  
Selective Medium ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Presumptive Identification ◽  
Chromogenic Agar ◽  
Synergy Testing

The chromogenic agar medium chromID ESBL (bioMérieux) was compared with BLSE agar medium (AES) for selective isolation and presumptive identification of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae from clinical samples. A total of 765 samples (468 rectal swabs, 255 urine samples and 42 pulmonary aspirations) obtained from 547 patients was processed. All bacterial strains isolated on either medium were further characterized using biochemical tests, and ESBL producers were confirmed by synergy testing. Genetic characterization of ESBL genes was determined by PCR. A total of 33 ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae strains [Escherichia coli (n=16), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n=8), Enterobacter spp. (n=3), Citrobacter spp. (n=5) and Proteus mirabilis (n=1)] was recovered. The sensitivity after 24 h incubation was 88 % for chromID ESBL and 85 % for BLSE agar. At 48 h, the sensitivity of chromID ESBL increased to 94 % and was higher than that obtained with BLSE agar. The positive predictive value at 24 h for chromID ESBL was 38.7 % [95 % confidence interval (95 % CI) 28.3 –50.2 %)], which was significantly higher than that for BLSE agar [15.4 %, 95 % CI 10.1 –21.5 %]. On both media, false-positive results were mostly due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa and to Enterobacteriaceae overproducing chromosomal cephalosporinase (Enterobacter spp.) or a chromosomal penicillinase (Klebsiella oxytoca). This study showed that chromID ESBL, a ready-to-use chromogenic selective medium, is sensitive and specific for rapid, presumptive identification of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae. Its chromogenic properties and its selectivity are particularly useful in specimens containing resident associated flora.

scholarly journals Comparative recovery of Streptococcus mutans on ten isolation media

1977 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 578-583
Author(s):  
W A Little ◽  
D C Korts ◽  
L A Thomson ◽  
W H Bowen
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Yeast Extract ◽  
Serotype A ◽  
Positive Identification ◽  
Isolation Media ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Cultural Data

The ability of Streptococcus mutans (Bratthall serotypes a through e) to grow on 10 isolation media was examined. The number and morphology of the colonies were observed to vary on different media. The use of blood-sucrose media consistently produced the highest recoveries. Mitis salivarius agar (MS) and higher recovery values than modified medium 10 (MM10SB), Trypticase-yeast extract-cystine medium (TYC), or MS with 1% tellurite (MST). MST with 40% sucrose (MS40S), MST with 20% sucrose and 0.2 U of bacitracin per ml (MSB), and Carlsson medium with 1% sulfasoxazole (MC), media formulated for the selection of S. mutans, were the most inhibitory for all serotypes. The morphology of several S. mutans strains was atypical on MC and MS40S, making positive identification difficult. Absence of growth of serotype a strains on MSB and serotype d strains on MC were the two major differences observed among the serotypes. Results are discussed in terms of the difficulties in making quantitative determinations from cultural data.

scholarly journals ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF CHITOSAN 2% AND OXYGENIZING DENTURE CLEANSER ON PROHIBITING STREPTOCOCCUS MUTANS GROWTH AT ACRYLIC HEAT-CURED RESINS PLATE

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-51
Author(s):  
Angela Evelyna ◽  
Dahlia Sutanto ◽  
Astuti Nadapdap
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Brain Heart Infusion ◽  
Base Plate ◽  
Denture Base ◽  
Denture Stomatitis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Denture Cleansers ◽  
Infusion Agar

Heat-cured acrylic denture base-plate may act as reservoir for Streptococcus mutans (all species name must be in italics) colonies, this condition may lead to denture stomatitis. One of denture cleansing method that frequently used is by immersion (of what?) in oxygenizing denture cleansers that has several disadvantages such as high cost and biocompatibility issue regarding chemical synthetic component of the solution. Chitosan is a natural compound that has antibacterial nature. The most commonly percentage of chitosan used for biomedical purposes is 2%. The objective of this study is to evaluate the antimicrobial effectivity of chitosan 2% on acrylic heat-cured plates and compare it with oxygenizing denture cleansers. Aquadest was used as control. Fifteen acrylic heat-cured plates (10 x10 x 2 mm) immersed in Streptococcus mutans suspensions at temperature 37°C for 48 hours of 3 different solutions. The solutions were vortexed and put into (Brain Heart Infusion Agar) medium. Streptococcus mutans colonies were counted manually. The result shows, that Streptococcus mutans colonies on aquadest group was 269.75 CFU/plate, followed by oxygenizing denture cleanser with 11 CFU/plate), and chitosan 2% group with 0.4 CFU/plate, respectively. Data were analysed with Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric test followed by Mann-Whitney test shows of p=0.012 (p<0.05). There were no statistically significant different of antimicrobial activity between chitosan 2% and oxygenizing denture cleanser. The result demonstrated that chitosan 2% solution was more effective to prohibit the growth of Streptococcus mutans colonies on acrylic heat cured plates, however a statistically significant difference between the two groups was not observed.

Microbiological performance and salmonella dynamics in a wastewater depuration pond system of southeastern spain

1995 ◽  
Vol 31 (12) ◽  
pp. 239-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Emparanza-Knörr ◽  
Francisco Torrella
Keyword(s):  
Fecal Coliform ◽  
No Reduction ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Selective Media ◽  
E Coli ◽  
The Village ◽  
Final Effluent

The Salmonella presence and the microbiological quality indicators, total and fecal coliforms and coliphages of E. coli C, have been studied in a overloaded wastewater lagoon system treating urban wastewatrers of the village of Guardamar del Segura (Alicante, Spain). Classical microbiological technology to detect salmonellae was used, including pre-enrichment, enrichment, selective media plating and biochemical and serological confirmation. Water was physicochemically characterized according to COD, SS, temperature, pH and dissolved oxygen. The selective migration step through Rappaport-Vassiliadis semisolid agar medium was essential for the consistent detection of Salmonella in the different lagoon effluents. Total and fecal coliform levels of up to 105-106 MPN/100 ml were detected in the final effluent. High coliphage concentrations of 103-104 pfu/ml were also found in the effluent waters. Salmonella was always detected in 100 ml samples and eventually reached an order of value of 103 MPN/100 ml. Total coliform reduction was higher in the anaerobic ponds whereas fecal coliforms were more efficiently eliminated in the facultative (mostly “anoxic”) lagoons. Coliphage reduction was higher in the facultative lagoons when compared to the anaerobic ponds. On many occasions, no reduction or eventual increment of the concentration of salmonellae was detected in the effluents from the anaerobic ponds compared to concentrations of the patohogen in the influent raw wasterwaters. The possibility exists for a capacity of Salmonella to multiply in the anoxic phase of the wastewater treatment, but the presence of microorganisms in raw sewage waters which could maskSalmonella detection with the enrichment methodology employed cannot be ruled out.

scholarly journals Phenotypic Detection of Carbapenemase Production in Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae by Modified Hodge Test and Modified Strip Carba NP Test

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nisha Patidar ◽  
Nitya Vyas ◽  
Shanoo Sharma ◽  
Babita Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Carbapenem Resistance ◽  
Nonparametric Test ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
The Social ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant Enterobacteriaceae

Abstract Objective Carbapenems are last resort antibiotics for multidrug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae. However, resistance to carbapenem is increasing at an alarming rate worldwide leading to major therapeutic failures and increased mortality rate. Early and effective detection of carbapenemase producing carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) is therefore key to control dissemination of carbapenem resistance in nosocomial as well as community-acquired infection. The aim of present study was to evaluate efficacy of Modified strip Carba NP (CNP) test against Modified Hodge test (MHT) for early detection of carbapenemase producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE). Material and Methods Enterobacteriaceae isolated from various clinical samples were screened for carbapenem resistance. A total of 107 CRE were subjected to MHT and Modified strip CNP test for the detection of CPE. Statistical Analysis It was done on Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software, IBM India; version V26. Nonparametric test chi-square and Z-test were used to analyze the results within a 95% level of confidence. Results Out of 107 CRE, 94 (88%) were phenotypically confirmed as carbapenemase producer by Modified strip CNP test and 46 (43%) were confirmed by Modified Hodge Test (MHT). Thirty-eight (36%) isolates showed carbapenemase production by both MHT and CNP test, 56 isolates (52%) were CNP test positive but MHT negative, eight (7%) isolates were MHT positive but CNP test negative and five (5%) isolates were both MHT and CNP test negative. There is statistically significant difference in efficiency of Modified CNP test and MHT (p < 0.05). Conclusion Modified strip CNP test is simple and inexpensive test which is easy to perform and interpret and gives rapid results in less than 5 minutes. It has high degree of sensitivity and specificity. Modified strip CNP test shows significantly higher detection capacity for carbapenemase producers as compared with MHT.

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