scholarly journals Risk Factors Associated With Driving After Cannabis Use Among Canadian Young Adults

2021 ◽  
pp. 002204262110493
Author(s):  
Christophe Huỳnh ◽  
Alexis Beaulieu-Thibodeau ◽  
Jean-Sébastien Fallu ◽  
Jacques Bergeron ◽  
Jorge Flores-Aranda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Drunk Driving ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Hierarchical Logistic Regression ◽  
The Past

This study identifid the most prominent risk factors associated with driving after cannabis use (DACU). 1,126 Canadian drivers (17–35 years old) who have used cannabis in the past 12 months completed an online questionnaire about sociodemographic information, substance use habits, cannabis effect expectancies, driving behaviours and peers’ behaviours and attitudes concerning DACU. A hierarchical logistic regression allowed identifying variables that were associated with DACU. Income (CA$30,000–CA$69,000), weekly-to-daily cannabis use, higher level of cannabis-related problems, expectation that cannabis facilitates social interactions, drunk driving, belief that DACU is safe, general risky driving behaviours, having a few friends who had DACU and injunctive norms predicted past 12-month DACU. Older age, holding negative expectations concerning cannabis, driving aggressively and perceived accessibility of public transportation decreased the probability of DACU. With restricted resources, programmes will be more efficient by targeting Canadian young adults most inclined to DACU by focussing on these risk factors.

scholarly journals Marijuana Use among Young Adults: Findings from the 2015-2018 National Survey on Drug Use and Health

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Yockey ◽  
Shanna Stryker
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
National Survey ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Health Prevention ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Pooled Data ◽  
The Past ◽  
Smoking Marijuana

Marijuana is the most commonly used drug for young adults. A greater understanding of risk factors associated with recent use can inform health prevention messaging. Pooled data from the 2015-2018 National Survey on Drug Use and Health were utilized among 89,446 individuals ages 18-34. Weighted logistic regression analyses, controlling for covariates, were utilized to determine conditional associations to past-30-day use. A sizeable percentage (18.5%) of individuals reported smoking marijuana in the past 30 days. Individuals who identify as African American or Multi-Racial, Gay/Lesbian, Bisexual, reported their health as poor, not covered by health insurance, reported prior drug use, or who had reported any thoughts/plans of suicide were at risk for use. Of concern, high rates of alcohol (14.7%) and cocaine (1.50%) were found among users. We believe our findings can inform harm reduction efforts and policy creation.

scholarly journals Burnout Syndrome during Residency Training in Jordan: Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Implications

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1557
Author(s):  
Abdullah Nimer ◽  
Suzan Naser ◽  
Nesrin Sultan ◽  
Rawand Said Alasad ◽  
Alexander Rabadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Burnout Syndrome ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Resident Physicians ◽  
Healthcare Professions

Burnout syndrome is common among healthcare professions, including resident physicians. We aimed to assess the prevalence of burnout among resident physicians in Jordan, and a secondary aim was to evaluate the risk factors associated with the development of burnout syndrome in those residents, including gender, working hours, psychological distress, training sector, and specialty. In this cross-sectional study, 481 residents were recruited utilizing multistage stratified sampling to represent the four major health sectors in Jordan. Data were collected using an online questionnaire, where the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI) was used to assess the prevalence of burnout. The prevalence, group differences, and predictors of burnout were statistically analyzed using STATA 15. Overall, 373 (77.5%) residents were found to have burnout. Factors associated with higher levels of burnout were psychological stress (β = 2.34, CI = [1.88–2.81]), longer working hours (β = 4.07, CI = [0.52–7.62], for 51–75 h a week, β = 7.27, CI = [2.86–11.69], for 76–100 h a week and β = 7.27, CI = [0.06–14.49], for >100 h a week), and obstetrics/gynecology residents (β = 9.66, CI = [3.59–15.73]). Conversely, medical sub-specialty residents, as well as private and university hospital residents, had lower burnout levels. We concluded that decreasing the workload on residents, offering psychological counseling, and promoting a safety culture for residents might help in mitigating burnout consequences.

scholarly journals Cerebrovascular risk factors associated with ischemic stroke in a young non-diabetic and non-hypertensive population: a retrospective case-control study

BMC Neurology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nan Zhang ◽  
Lin Zhang ◽  
Qiu Wang ◽  
Jingwei Zhao ◽  
Jia Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background Globally, rates of ischemic stroke (IS) have been rising among young adults. This study was designed to identify risk factors associated with IS incidence in young adults unaffected by hypertension or diabetes. Methods This was a retrospective case-control study of early-onset IS patients without diabetes and hypertension. Control patients were matched with healthy individuals based upon sex, age (±2 years), and BMI (±3 kg/m2) at a 1:3 ratio. Sociodemographic, clinical, and risk factor-related data pertaining to these patients was collected. The association between these risk factors and IS incidence was then assessed using conditional logistic regression models. Results We recruited 60 IS patients and 180 controls with mean ages of 44.37 ± 4.68 and 44.31 ± 4.71 years, respectively, for this study. Relative to controls, IS patients had significantly higher total cholesterol (TG), homocysteine (HCY), white blood cell (WBC), absolute neutrophil count (ANC), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) levels, and significantly lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and triglyceride cholesterol (TC), free triiodothyronine (FT3), and free thyroxine (FT4) levels (all P < 0.05). After controlling for potential confounding factors, HCY and ANC were found to be significantly positively associated with IS incidence (OR 1.518, 95%CI 1.165–1.977, P = 0.002 and OR 2.418, 95%CI 1.061–5.511, P = 0.036, respectively), whereas HDL-C and FT3 levels were negatively correlated with IS incidence (OR 0.001, 95%CI 0.000–0.083, P = 0.003 and OR 0.053, 95%CI 0.008–0.326, P = 0.002, respectively). Conclusions In young non-diabetic and non-hypertensive patients, lower HDL-C and FT3 levels and higher HCY and ANC levels may be associated with an elevated risk of IS. Additional prospective studies of large patient cohorts will be essential to validate these findings.

scholarly journals 346. Factors Associated with Hypertension in Young Adults with Perinatally-Acquired HIV Infection: a Case–Control Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S184-S184
Author(s):  
Patrick O’Neil ◽  
Patrick Ryscavage ◽  
Kristen A Stafford
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Family History ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Systemic Hypertension ◽  
Early Management ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
History Of ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background The incidence of systemic hypertension (HTN) among perinatally-HIV-infected (PHIV) patients appears to increase as they enter adulthood. Among non-perinatally HIV-infected adults both traditional and HIV-associated risk factors have been found to contribute to HTN. Whether these same factors contribute to HTN in PHIV is unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine the socio-demographic, clinical, virologic, and immunologic factors associated with HTN among a cohort of PHIV adolescents and young adults, aged ≥18 years. Methods We conducted a case–control study among a population of 160 PHIV adults with and without HTN who were receiving care at the University of Maryland and aged 18–35 years as of December 31, 2017. Covariates assessed included traditional risk factors such as age, family history of HTN, and smoking, as well as HIV- and antiretroviral-associated covariates. Results We identified 49 HTN cases (30.6%) and 111 (69.4%) controls. There were no significant differences in the odds of most traditional (age, gender, race, family history of HTN, tobacco, alcohol, and/or other drug use) or HIV-associated (CD4 nadir <100 cells/mm3, individual ART exposure, ART interruption) risk factors among PHIV adults with HTN compared with those with no diagnosis of HTN. Cases had lower odds of a history of treatment with lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r). Cases had 3.7 (95% CI 1.11, 12.56) times the odds of a prior diagnosis of chronic kidney disease (CKD) compared with controls after controlling for CD4 nadir and ARV treatment history. Conclusion The results of this study suggest that most traditional and HIV-related risk factors do not appear to increase the odds of having HTN in this PHIV cohort. However, HTN among PHIV may be driven in part by CKD, and a focus on the prevention and early management of CKD in this group may be necessary to prevent the development of HTN. Additionally, there may be as yet unidentified risk factors for HTN among PHIV which require further exploration. Given the large and growing population of PHIV entering adulthood worldwide, it is imperative to explore risk factors for and effects of HTN in large, diverse PHIV populations. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

Risk Factors Related to Binge Drinking

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 367-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung Suk Chung ◽  
Kyoung Hwa Joung
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Binge Drinking ◽  
Risk Behavior ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Smoking Initiation ◽  
Current Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Korean Adolescents ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Past ◽  
Youth Risk Behavior

The characteristics of and risk factors associated with binge drinking among South Korean and American adolescents were identified in this study. Data on adolescents in the 9th to 12th grades were extracted from two nationwide data sets: the Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey System and the U.S. Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System. Binge drinking was observed among 16% of American adolescents during the past month and among 11.6% of Korean adolescents during the past year. For adolescents from both countries, the following seven similar significant factors were associated with binge drinking: female gender, higher grade, fighting-related injury experience, current cigarette smoking, preteen smoking initiation, participation in team sports, and depression. Among Korean adolescents, higher or lower level of academic achievement and inadequate sleep were additional unique factors associated with binge drinking. These results could be useful for developing interventions for adolescents engaging in binge drinking in both countries.

scholarly journals The impact of social media misused and behavior problems among adolescent in Thailand

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
P O-ium
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Effective Intervention ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Social ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Potential Risk Factors

Abstract Introduction Recent increased in the prevalence of behavioral problems among young adults has coincided with the raised of popularity of Internet usage including handheld technologies, electronic game and social media among adolescent. However, these information in Thailand is limited. Therefore, this study aim to investigate the association between social media misused and behavioral problems among adolescent in Thailand. Materials and methods The cross-sectional was conducted at 7 public schools located in Central of Thailand in December 2018. The behavioral problems were assessed by using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to identify the risk factors associated with the behavioral problems. Results The total of 1,118 were enrolled into the study. The prevalence of the social media misused and behavioral problems were 85% and 18.5%, respectively. The prevalence of the subscale behavioral problems were peer problem (21%), emotional problem (19%), hyperactivities (10%) and conduct problem (4%). The independent factors associated with behavioral problems were include sleep problem (OR = 3.3, 95%CI = 2.1-5.1), prosocial behavior (OR = 0.4, 95%CI =0.3-0.6), social media misused (OR = 2.5, 95%CI =1.7-3.8), Facebook addiction (OR = 1.8, 95%CI = 1.1-3.0) and Line addiction (OR = 2.8, 95%CI = 1.5-5.1). Conclusions This study highlight the association between the social media misused and high prevalence of behavioral problems among adolescent in Thailand. The information of the potential risk factors should be inform to all stakeholders for develop and implement the effective intervention for young adults in Thailand. Key messages The association between the social media misused and high prevalence of behavioral problems among adolescent in Thailand. The information of the potential risk factors should be informed to develop and implement the effective intervention for young adults in Thailand.

scholarly journals Airborne Rodent Allergen Levels in Dutch Households: A Pilot Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (19) ◽  
pp. 3736
Author(s):  
Sara A. Burt ◽  
Lidia I. Parramon Dolcet ◽  
Inge M. Wouters
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Living Room ◽  
Airborne Dust ◽  
Indoor Exposure ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Past ◽  
Open Window ◽  
Building Characteristics ◽  
Insight Into

Little research has been conducted in Europe regarding indoor exposure to airborne rodent allergens. The aims of this study were to gain insight into the prevalence of rodent allergens in airborne dust in Dutch households, to assess whether there is a relationship between rodent sightings and detectable allergens, and to identify risk factors associated with the presence of rodent allergens. Airborne dust was collected from the living rooms of 80 households distributed around central Netherlands by passive sampling using electrostatic dust collectors (EDCs). Samples were analysed for mouse (Mus m 1) and rat (Rat n 1) allergens. Participants completed a questionnaire on household and building characteristics, household pets, cleaning habits and ventilation. Mouse allergen was more prevalent than rat allergen and mouse sightings within the past year more than doubled the odds of detectable mouse allergen. Proximity to green areas, ventilation through an open window and insulation under the living room floor were determinants for detectable mouse allergen. Conversely, proximity to surface water was protective. No significant association was found between asthma and detectable mouse allergen. The passive EDC sampling method was used successfully to detect mouse and rat allergens in homes. The presence of mouse allergen was associated with previous mouse sightings. Risk factors and protective factors associated with the presence and levels of mouse allergen were identified.

scholarly journals Hydroxychloroquine treatment in European patients with lupus erythematosus: dosing, retinopathy screening and adherence

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. e000478
Author(s):  
Zgjim Osmani ◽  
Thijs J Schrama ◽  
Wendy Zacouris-Verweij ◽  
Jeanette Andersen ◽  
Susan Frankel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Prescription Patterns ◽  
The Past ◽  
Retinopathy Screening

BackgroundUse of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) is common in patients with lupus erythematosus. Long-term use (ie, ≥5 years) and high-dose HCQ (ie, >5 mg/kg/day) are both risk factors for developing HCQ retinopathy. Advances in our understanding of HCQ retinopathy have led to changes in the recommendations for HCQ dosing and retinopathy screening. The latest EULAR guidelines for the management of SLE recommend a maximum HCQ dose of 5 mg/kg/day and ophthalmological screening at baseline and annually after 5 years of HCQ treatment.ObjectivesThis study aimed to assess whether the EULAR guidelines are affecting HCQ prescription patterns and screening frequencies in Europe. Furthermore, we inventoried adherence to HCQ.ResultsThe online questionnaire was completed by 2936 patients with systemic, cutaneous or juvenile lupus from 33 countries. The majority were female (86.5%) and diagnosed with SLE (81.2%). Among those taking HCQ, the median HCQ dose reported was 4.26 mg/kg/day. More than one-third of respondents (36.8%) exceeded the recommended maximal HCQ dose of 5 mg/kg/day. Baseline ophthalmological screening had been done in 857 out of 1017 respondents diagnosed in the past 10 years (84.3%). Of patients using HCQ ≥5 years, 69.2% reported yearly retinopathy screening. Lastly, 17.3% of patients reported that they skipped HCQ once a week or more often.ConclusionThe results of our study demonstrate that higher than recommended dosages of HCQ are prescribed to more than one-third of patients with lupus in Europe. Recent recommendations regarding screening for retinopathy are incompletely implemented.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document