Dualized Labor Market and Polarized Health: A Longitudinal Perspective on the Association between Precarious Employment and Mental and Physical Health in Germany

2022 ◽  
pp. 002214652110668
Author(s):  
Timo-Kolja Pförtner ◽  
Holger Pfaff ◽  
Frank J. Elgar
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Job Insecurity ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Downward Mobility ◽  
Precarious Employment ◽  
Random Effects Models ◽  
Longitudinal Association ◽  
Working Poverty ◽  
Mental And Physical Health

This study analyzes the longitudinal association between precarious employment and physical and mental health in a dualized labor market by disaggregating between-employee and within-employee effects and considering mobility in precariousness of employment. Analyses were based on the German Socio-Economic Panel from 2002 to 2018 considering all employees ages 18 to 67 years (n = 38,551). Precariousness of employment was measured as an additive index considering working poverty, nonstandard working time arrangements, perceived job insecurity, and low social rights. Health outcomes were mental and physical health. Random effects models were used and controlled for sociodemographic and socioeconomic variables. Results indicated that the association between precariousness of employment and mental and physical health is mainly based on between-employee differences and that prolonged precariousness of employment or upward or downward mobility are associated with poor health. We found evidence of polarization in health by precariousness of employment within a dualized labor market.

The impact of child maltreatment on the mental and physical health of child victims: a review of the evidence

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Eileen Vizard ◽  
Jenny Gray ◽  
Arnon Bentovim
Keyword(s):  
Child Maltreatment ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Child Victims ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Genital Mutilation ◽  
Health And Development ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mental And Physical Health ◽  
Female Genital

SUMMARY This article gives a general overview of the current situation in relation to a range of widely recognised and also newly identified types of child maltreatment. The academic and clinical evidence relating to the impact of child maltreatment on the mental and physical health of child victims is substantial and steadily increasing in volume. New types of abuse are being identified, and changing environmental circumstances, which exacerbate the possibility of widely recognised types of child maltreatment occurring, are also being described. These include multi-type maltreatment, female genital mutilation and online child maltreatment. Serious questions may arise regarding neglect of the moral and social development of children and young people who become addicted to online gaming and pornography. Multiple national and local definitions of each of these existing and new forms of maltreatment have been created, some of which are covered here. The impact of these abuses on the physical and mental health and development of child victims in families or settings where abuse or neglect has occurred is discussed.

scholarly journals Physical Health Profile and Associated Behavior During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Patients With Bipolar Disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon Dyg Sperling ◽  
Nina Dalkner ◽  
Christina Berndt ◽  
Eva Fleischmann ◽  
Michaela Ratzenhofer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Public Mental Health ◽  
Brief Symptom Inventory ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Mental And Physical Health

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to an increased psychological strain on public mental health and may impact behavioral, mental, and physical health, presumably with effects on patients with severe mental disorders. This study examines pandemic-related physical and mental health and (compensatory) behavioral changes, in patients with BD as compared to healthy control individuals.Method: Physical and mental health and self-reported changes in daily structure and behavior due to the pandemic were assessed using a self-constructed questionnaire and the brief symptom inventory (BSI) in Germany, Austria, and Denmark in individuals with BD and a healthy control group.Results: The present study included 118 individuals with BD and 215 healthy controls. Individuals with BD reported statistically significant higher physical risk burden, increased weight gain, more physical comorbidities, and a decrease in physical activity and they further reported higher rates of COVID-19 testing, had more worries concerning health, and experienced more anxiety but less social distancing.Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic seems to have a greater impact on physical health in individuals with BD than in healthy controls. Individuals with BD appear to be having more difficulties compensating their behavior due to the pandemic which could amplify the effect of risk factors associated with poorer physical health. This highlights the necessity for optimizing and targeting the overall treatment of both mental and physical health in patients with BD during periods with far-reaching changes such as the COVID-19 pandemic.Limitations: Sampling issues and self-report forms, selectivity (missing elderly, and those lacking access or knowledge of technology).

Trends in the association of different forms of precarious employment and self-rated health in Germany. An analysis with the German Socio-Economic Panel between 1995 and 2015

2019 ◽  
Vol 73 (11) ◽  
pp. 1002-1011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timo-Kolja Pförtner ◽  
Holger Pfaff ◽  
Kira Isabel Hower
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Great Recession ◽  
Job Insecurity ◽  
Market Reforms ◽  
Precarious Employment ◽  
Adjusted Risk ◽  
The Great Recession ◽  
Labour Market Reforms ◽  
Working Poverty ◽  
Perceived Job Insecurity

BackgroundPrecarious employment has increased in Germany by means of labour market flexibilisation throughout the 1990s and 2000s. In this study, trends in the association of self-rated health (SRH) with different dimensions of precarious employment by gender in Germany between 1995 and 2015 were assessed considering different periods of labour market reforms and the Great Recession.MethodsAnalyses were conducted using the German Socio-Economic Panel from 1995 to 2015. All employed individuals aged 18–67 years and living in private households were considered for analysis to examine the risks of poor SRH by low wage, working poverty, non-standard working time arrangements and perceived job insecurity by gender. Predicted probabilities, adjusted risk ratio (ARR), adjusted risk difference (ARD) and trends were examined using pooled interval logistic regression with individual-clustered standard errors.ResultsRelative and absolute differences in SRH rose significantly over time by perceived job insecurity for men, but not for women. Working poverty appeared to be significantly associated with SRH in the Great Recession and the post-Recession period for both gender. Non-standard working time arrangements were not significantly associated with SRH for both gender, and low wage appeared to be significantly associated with SRH only for men in the post-Recession period.ConclusionsThe results highlighted the relevance of labour market reforms of deregulation and flexibilisation in Germany to differences in SRH by specific forms of precarious employment and gender differences in the impact of labour market reforms on precarious employment and health.

Antecedents and Health Consequences of Job Insecurity among Teachers

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Namita Rajput ◽  
Amogh Talan
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Change ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Role Ambiguity ◽  
Job Insecurity ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
High Demand ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Mental And Physical Health

Job Insecurity is emerging as a growing threat to the careers of aspiring, meritious and hardworking employees in our country due to various reasons such as high demand of jobs, and government’s inability to meet such a high demand in a short period of time. This results in hiring of employees on temporary/contractual basis. This situation is especially bad among the teachers belonging to various government schools and colleges in Delhi. Our study investigated certain psychological causes for the feeling of Job Insecurity among teachers. Perceived Organizational Change and Role Ambiguity were studied as the potential antecedents of Job Insecurity. Detrimental impact of Job Insecurity on the Mental and Physical Health of such employees were also studied. A sample of 110 temporary/contractual/ad-hoc teachers belonging to MCD schools and several colleges from University of Delhi was used for this study. ‘Partial Least Square’ technique of ‘Structural Equation Modeling’ was applied using ‘SmartPLS 2.0.M3’ to understand the proposed relationships. Results show both Perceived Organizational Change and Role Ambiguity significantly contribute towards Job Insecurity, where the effect of Perceived Organizational Change was particularly high. Job Insecurity was found to negatively affect Mental and Physical Health of the employees. Mental effect in terms of stress and anxiety was found to be especially prominent.

scholarly journals Association of Household Food Insecurity with the Mental and Physical Health of Low-Income Urban Ecuadorian Women with Children

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Margaret Weigel ◽  
Rodrigo X. Armijos ◽  
Marcia Racines ◽  
William Cevallos ◽  
Nancy P. Castro
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Household Food Insecurity ◽  
Health Complaints ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Epidemiologic Transition ◽  
Household Food ◽  
Mental And Physical Health

Chronic physical and mental health conditions account for a rising proportion of morbidity, mortality, and disability in the Americas region. Household food insecurity (HFI) has been linked to chronic disease in US and Canadian women but it is uncertain if the same is true for low- and middle-income Latin American countries in epidemiologic transition. We conducted a survey to investigate the association of HFI with the physical and mental health of 794 women with children living in low-income Quito, Ecuador, neighborhoods. Data were collected on HFI and health indicators including self-reported health (SF-1), mental health (MHI-5), blood pressure, and self-reported mental and physical health complaints. Fasting blood glucose and lipids were measured in a subsample. The multivariate analyses revealed that HFI was associated with poorer self-rated health, low MHI-5 scores, and mental health complaints including stress, depression, and ethnospecific illnesses. It was also associated with chest tightness/discomfort/pain, dental disease, and gastrointestinal illness but not other conditions. The findings suggest that improving food security in low-income households may help reduce the burden of mental distress in women with children. The hypothesized link with diabetes and hypertension may become more apparent as Ecuador moves further along in the epidemiologic transition.

scholarly journals Treatment Regret, Mental and Physical Health Indicators of Psychosocial Well-Being among Prostate Cancer Survivors

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 3900-3917 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cassidy Bradley ◽  
Gabriela Ilie ◽  
Cody MacDonald ◽  
Lia Massoeurs ◽  
Jasmine Dang Cam-Tu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Prostate Cancer Survivors ◽  
Spiritual Well Being ◽  
Mental And Physical Health

Prostate cancer (PCa) patients and survivors are at high risk of mental health illness. Here, we examined the contribution of treatment regret, mental and physical health indicators to the social/family, emotional, functional and spiritual well-being of PCa survivors. The study assessed 367 men with a history of PCa residing in the Maritimes Canada who were surveyed between 2017 and 2021. The outcomes were social/family, emotional, functional and spiritual well-being (FACT-P,FACIT-Sp). Predictor variables included urinary, bowel and sexual function (UCLA-PCI), physical and mental health (SF-12), and treatment regret. Logistic regression analyses were controlled for age, income, and survivorship time. Poor social/family, emotional, functional and spiritual well-being was identified among 54.4%, 26.5%, 49.9% and 63.8% of the men in the sample. Men who reported treatment regret had 3.62, 5.58, or 4.63 higher odds of poor social/family, emotional, and functional well-being, respectively. Men with low household income had 3.77 times higher odds for poor social/ well-being. Good mental health was a protective factor for poor social/family, emotional, functional, or spiritual well-being. Better physical and sexual health were protective factors for poor functional well-being. Seeking to promote PCa patients’ autonomy in treatment decisions and recognizing this process’ vulnerability in health care contexts is warranted.

scholarly journals Physical and mental health impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic among college students who are undocumented or have undocumented parents

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Annie Ro ◽  
Victoria E. Rodriguez ◽  
Laura E. Enriquez
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
College Students ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Resource Use ◽  
Undocumented Students ◽  
Health Impacts ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Mental And Physical Health

Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic may have disproportionately affected the mental and physical health of undocumented students and students with undocumented parents. Methods We analyzed primary data from 2111 California college students collected March–June 2020. We estimated the odds of mental or physical health being affected “a great deal” by COVID by immigration group and then examined whether this was moderated by campus belonging or resource use. Results Students with undocumented parents were least likely to report COVID-related mental and physical health effects. Undocumented students and students whose parents have lawful immigration status did not differ in their COVID-related physical and mental health. For all students, more campus resource use and higher campus belonging were associated with negative mental and physical health effects. Discussion Negative COVID-related mental and physical health was widespread. Separation from campus-based resources was detrimental during the early stages of the pandemic.

scholarly journals Ryzyko braku relacji zawodowych. Konstrukcja Skali Niepewności Zatrudnienia w Sytuacji Pandemii

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Chirkowska-Smolak ◽  
Mikołaj Czumak
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Job Insecurity ◽  
Perceived Threat ◽  
Remote Work ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Future Of Work ◽  
Mental And Physical Health ◽  
Stress Buffer

In a pandemic situation, anxiety about work has added to anxiety about the perceived threat to health or life. Job insecurity is a stressor that causes deterioration of mental and physical health, but also leads to behaviors that have negative consequences for the organization. The anxiety related to fears about the future of work may be increased due to limited contacts with co-workers (remote work, forced downtime) and social isolation, while social support is one of the most important stress buffer factors. In this article, we present the results of research on the construction of a scale for measuring job uncertainty during the COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals Relationships Between Changes in Self-Reported Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviours and Health During the Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic in France and Switzerland

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boris Cheval ◽  
Hamsini Sivaramakrishnan ◽  
Silvio Maltagliati ◽  
Layan Fessler ◽  
Cyril Forestier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Health Consequences ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Sedentary Behaviours ◽  
Mental And Physical Health

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic may have detrimental effects on physical and mental health, but physical activity can help people to cope with stress, thereby mitigating its potential negative health consequences. In our study, we investigated whether changes in physical activity and sedentary behaviours are associated with changes in mental and physical health during the COVID-19 lockdown.

Comparing Learning Outcomes for Mental Health Simulation Training Delivered to Entire Clinical Teams Versus Professionals Not Working Together Clinically

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S301-S301
Author(s):  
L. Valdearenas ◽  
C. Attoe ◽  
S. Cross
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Human Factors ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Simulation Training ◽  
Course Evaluation ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Health Simulation ◽  
Mental And Physical Health ◽  
Health Comorbidities

IntroductionWorking effectively with colleagues using a multidisciplinary and interprofessional approach is vital in healthcare, particularly mental health, where the interface between physical and mental health is often missed due to involvement with different specialties. Collaborative clinical practice is essential to provide the best clinical care to people experiencing mental and physical health comorbidities. Simulation training encourages experiential learning for human factors (or non-technical) skills, such as teamwork and interprofessional collaboration. This study explored the differences in learning outcomes between team and non-team training for physical and mental health comorbidities.Aims and objectivesThis project aimed to establish differences in human factors learning, confidence and knowledge, following training for teams that work together versus interprofessional groups from various teams. The project hoped to continue improving mental health simulation training and promote and enhance human factor skills that are basic pillars of multi-disciplinary and interprofessional care.MethodsThe human factors skills for healthcare instrument (HFSHI), alongside confidence and knowledge measures were administered to all participants pre and post simulation training on interacting mental and physical health. A post-course evaluation survey with open questions was used to collect qualitative feedback on the impact of the training course.ResultsWith data collection ongoing, preliminary results indicate differences between team and non-team simulation training, with particularly interesting qualitative findings.ConclusionsLearning outcomes may differ for team versus non-team simulation training, evidencing the different value of these two training set-ups.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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