Graphology and Marketing Research: A Pilot Experiment in Validity and Inter-judge Reliability

1971 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 58-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul E. Green ◽  
Vithala R. Rao ◽  
Diana E. Armani
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Personnel Selection ◽  
Marketing Research ◽  
Predictive Ability ◽  
Handwriting Analysis ◽  
Buying Behavior ◽  
Pilot Experiment

Researchers have pointed out the possible utility of handwriting analysis in revealing personality traits that could be useful in various business problems such as credit screening, personnel selection, and buying behavior. The authors examine the ability of professional graphologists to predict subjects’ self-rankings of personality traits. The study indicates both low-predictive ability and low inter-judge reliabilities across the predictions that are made.

Handwriting Analysis and Personality Assessment

2000 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Greasley
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Personality Assessment ◽  
Personnel Selection ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Handwriting Analysis ◽  
Recruitment Process ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
Personnel Recruitment ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Better Than

It has been estimated that graphology is used by over 80% of European companies as part of their personnel recruitment process. And yet, after over three decades of research into the validity of graphology as a means of assessing personality, we are left with a legacy of equivocal results. For every experiment that has provided evidence to show that graphologists are able to identify personality traits from features of handwriting, there are just as many to show that, under rigorously controlled conditions, graphologists perform no better than chance expectations. In light of this confusion, this paper takes a different approach to the subject by focusing on the rationale and modus operandi of graphology. When we take a closer look at the academic literature, we note that there is no discussion of the actual rules by which graphologists make their assessments of personality from handwriting samples. Examination of these rules reveals a practice founded upon analogy, symbolism, and metaphor in the absence of empirical studies that have established the associations between particular features of handwriting and personality traits proposed by graphologists. These rules guide both popular graphology and that practiced by professional graphologists in personnel selection.

The Influence of Personality Traits on Consumer Impulsive Buying Behaviour

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khagendra Nath Gangai ◽  
Rachna Agrawal
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Cultural Influences ◽  
Buying Behavior ◽  
Doing Business ◽  
The Social ◽  
Impulsive Buying ◽  
Social And Physical Environment ◽  
The Common ◽  
Buying Behaviour

Consumer behavior is a complex phenomenon which is evolving according to the time, situations, demographic characteristics of individuals, personality traits, cultural influences etc. The personality of individuals is a unique dynamic organization of the characteristics of a particular person, physical and psychological, which influence behavior and responses to the social and physical environment. It gives the impression that consumer buying is always influenced by their personality. Therefore, many marketers make use of personality traits in the advertisement of products and at the same time they enhance their marketing strategy. The marketers always designed different products and target specific market segments which commonly addressed on individuals personality traits. The individuals few personality traits influence consumer for impulsive buying behavior. The aim of present research is to study the personality traits influence on consumer impulsive buying behavior as it will help to create opportunities of doing business and dealing with customers. The objectives of this research are: (1) to investigate the influence of personality traits on consumer impulsive buying behavior, and (2) to identify the role of gender and their personality traits influence on consumer impulsive buying behavior. To fulfill the purpose of the study, the researchers randomly collected sample and divided them on the basis of gender, 60 males and 60 females. Data were collected from Delhi and NCR region. The data were analyzed using statistical applications such as correlation and t Test. The result was revealed that the common personality traits have a significant relationship with impulsive buying behavior that is psychoticism in the case of male and female. The role of gender has significant differences in impulsive buying behavior. The man showed more impulsive buying behavior compare to women.

Resilience and personality in social work students and social workers

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
María de las Olas Palma-García ◽  
Isabel Hombrados-Mendieta
Keyword(s):  
Social Work ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Social Workers ◽  
Personality Trait ◽  
Predictive Ability ◽  
Social Work Students ◽  
Personality Characteristics ◽  
Subject Analysis ◽  
University Degree ◽  
The Relationship

The goal of the study was to explore the relationship between personality characteristics and the development of resilience in the context of social work. To do this, combining the transverse and longitudinal approaches, we investigated 479 students and professional social workers. For students, the within-subject analysis shows that this group, while pursuing a university degree, are reaching greater openness, accountability, extraversion and kindness and, by contrast, are reducing their levels of neuroticism, which is the personality trait that acquires smaller presence on the professional stage. The regression results also confirmed the influence and predictive ability of personality traits on the resilience of students and social workers.

scholarly journals Identifying and predicting the factors affecting end-users’ risk-taking behavior

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 306-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manal Alohali ◽  
Nathan Clarke ◽  
Fudong Li ◽  
Steven Furnell
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Personality Trait ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Predictive Ability ◽  
End Users ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Security Behavior ◽  
User Centric ◽  
Risk Taking Behavior ◽  
Survey Responses

Purpose The end-user has frequently been identified as the weakest link; however, motivated by the fact that different users react differently to the same stimuli, identifying the reasons behind variations in security behavior and why certain users could be “at risk” more than others is a step toward protecting and defending users against security attacks. This paper aims to explore the effect of personality trait variations (through the Big Five Inventory [BFI]) on users’ risk level of their intended security behaviors. In addition, age, gender, service usage and information technology (IT) proficiency are analyzed to identify what role and impact they have on behavior. Design/methodology/approach The authors developed a quantitative-oriented survey that was implemented online. The bi-variate Pearson two-tailed correlation was used to analyze survey responses. Findings The results obtained by analyzing 538 survey responses suggest that personality traits do play a significant role in affecting users’ security behavior risk levels. Furthermore, the results suggest that BFI score of a trait has a significant effect as users’ online personality is linked to their offline personality, especially in the conscientiousness personality trait. Additionally, this effect was stronger when personality was correlated with the factors of IT proficiency, gender, age and online activity. Originality/value The contributions of this paper are two-fold. First, with the aid of a large population sample, end-users’ security practice is assessed from multiple domains, and relationships were found between end-users’ risk-taking behavior and nine user-centric factors. Second, based upon these findings, the predictive ability for these user-centric factors were evaluated to determine the level of risk a user is subject to from an individual behavior perspective. Of 28 behaviors, 11 were found to have a 60 per cent or greater predictive ability, with the highest classification of 92 per cent for several behaviors. This provides a basis for organizations to use behavioral intent alongside personality traits and demographics to understand and, therefore, manage the human aspects of risk.

scholarly journals Formalized Computer-Aided Handwriting Psychology: Validation and Integration into Psychological Assessment

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Yury Chernov ◽  
Claudia Caspers
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Psychological Assessment ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Personality Factor ◽  
Personality Test ◽  
Handwriting Analysis ◽  
Context Specificity ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Personality Factor Questionnaire

In contrast to traditional researches that involve a manual, non-quantitative, and subjective way of performing handwriting analysis, in the current research, a special computer-aided method of revised handwriting analysis is used. It includes the detection of personality traits via manual quantitative registration of handwriting signs and their automated quantitative evaluation. This method is based on a mathematical–statistical model that integrates multiple international publications on the evaluation of handwriting signs. The first aim is the validation of the revised method against the 16 Personality Factor Questionnaire Revised (16PF-R), which is performed as a self-report personality test by test persons and was developed and researched empirically by Raymond B. Cattell et al. A second aim is the development of an integrated model for assessment including handwriting analysis: when both methods come to the same result on a certain scale, then the construct can be accepted with higher reliability; in contrast, when results are contradictory, they should be regarded as a limitation of each method and raise awareness in the researchers, as these contradictions are a precious source of additional information regarding the complexity, ambiguity, and context specificity of personality traits.

Reclaiming Personality Traits for Personnel Selection: Self-Esteem as an Illustrative Case

1988 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Hollenbeck ◽  
Ellen M. Whitener
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Personnel Selection ◽  
Statistical Power ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Illustrative Case ◽  
Personality Measures ◽  
And Performance

Previous reviews documenting the low validity and utility associ-ated with personality measures should not lead researchers in the area of personnel selection to abandon the use of such variables. The lack offindings in past research can be explained by (a) misspecification of the model by anticipating direct effects; (b) inadequate statistical power; and (c) contamination of measures by relying on self-report or observational methods. An alternative model in which personality measures have interactive effects with ability tests in predicting per-formance provides a stronger theoretical rationale to support a rela-tionship between personality variables and performance. Sample sizes also need to be increased significantly in order to provide adequate tests of the validity of personality measures in personnel selection. Measures of personality traits based on perception and judgment pro-vide a more promising approach to obtaining less contaminated in-dices. Future research that avoids the problems of the past may pro-vide a more positive picture of the utility of personality traits as screening devices.

Lack of evidence for the assessment of personality traits using handwriting analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Gawda
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Personality Assessment ◽  
Handwriting Analysis

Abstract Background: The aim of the study is to clarify the beliefs and numerous doubts about the possible identification of personality in handwriting. The purpose of the described studies was to show an association between personality traits and handwriting features. The author aimed to verify whether or not there are any specific characteristics of writing in relation to personality traits. | Method: Two different studies have been described. A different number of subjects participated in the investigations and different techniques for personality assessment were used; however, the same set of handwriting features was analyzed in each study. In the first study the NEO-FFI (n=260) was used, while the EPQ-R (n=180) was used in the second study. The graphic characteristics of the handwriting samples were examined by forensic experts. | Results: The correlations between the personality traits and handwriting features were counted. The results showed that there were few significant correlations between handwriting parameters and personality traits, as measured by the NEO-FFI and EPQ-R. | Conclusions: No writing characteristics were specific to personality traits. There is no evidence for assessment of personality on the base of handwriting

scholarly journals Culture and Personality: A Examination of Impulsive Buying Behavior of Indian Consumers

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3S) ◽  
pp. 467-474
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Impulse Buying ◽  
Buying Behavior ◽  
Impulsive Buying ◽  
Indian Consumers ◽  
Unplanned Buying ◽  
Buying Behaviour ◽  
External Stimuli ◽  
The Impact

The leading objective of this paper is to unearth the influence of culture and personality of Indian consumers on their impulsive buying behaviour. A lot of research has been done to study the influence of external stimuli like advertisements and in-store promotions on consumers’ buying behaviour. This paper studies the influence of internal stimuli on impulse buying behaviour. Impulse buying is an unplanned buying or accidental behaviour of consumers. This paper tries to establish a relationship between different personality traits and accidental behaviour of consumers. The impact of Big Five personality traits and culture (Individualism and Collectivism) on the impulsive buying behavior is studied. Data has been collected from consumers using structured questionnaire on a five-point Likert’s scale. The data would be analysed through various statistical tools using SPSS.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting Fast Food Restaurant Image in Peshawar: Moderating Role of Customer Personality Traits

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-119
Author(s):  
Henrietta Nagy ◽  
Safdar Sana ◽  
Wisal Ahmad ◽  
Ragif Huseynov ◽  
Muhammad Farooq Jan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Buying Behavior ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Restaurant Management ◽  
Unique Identity ◽  
Study Support ◽  
Moderating Role

Relating unique identity of product with consumer buying behavior is not so straight forward. Many factors need to be studied in order to investigate this relationship. This study was conducted to see the direct effects of various marketing elements including brand name, service quality, food price and the ambient factors on customer perception about the restaurant image as well as the moderating influence of consumers’ personality traits on such relationship. Data was collected from two hundred and forty customers in six well known restaurants of Peshawar in order to examine the hypothesized relationships. The findings of the study support the hypothesized relationship between the study variables and hence all the hypotheses of the study are supported. The study findings particularly the moderating role of personality traits of restaurant customers’ in building customers’ restaurant perception is of immense importance for academicians in general and restaurant management in particular. The study also presents valuable future research directions which will further this inquiry in future.

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