Things are Not Always What They Seem! Joule Burns in Electrocution—A Report of Four Cases

1987 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. O. Odesanmi
Keyword(s):  
Electric Current ◽  
The Body ◽  
Gold Leaf ◽  
Earth Fault ◽  
Electrical Engineers ◽  
Tear Gas ◽  
University Undergraduates ◽  
Electric Burns

The police dispersed a crowd of University undergraduates with tear gas, and four of these students were later found dead around an advertisement pole carrying a plastic encasement displaying the picture of ‘Gold Leaf’ cigarette. It was alleged that the students were killed by the police. Autopsy of the four students revealed electric burns scattered all over the body. These burns were later found to be situated at points where the body had made contact with the advertisement pole. The pole was later examined by a team of electrical engineers and found to have a severe earth fault which on test resulted in a potentiation of 175 volts between the body of the sign post and the immediate surrounding. It was the source of the electric current that caused the death of the students.

On the spectra of ignited gases and vapours, with especial regard to the different spectra of the same elementary gaseous sub­stance

1864 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 153-157
Keyword(s):  
Electric Current ◽  
The State ◽  
The Body ◽  
Induction Coil ◽  
Characteristic Lines

In order to obtain the spectra of the elementary bodies, we may employ either flame or the electric current. The former is the more easily managed, but its temperature is for the most part too low to volatilize the body to be examined, or, if it be volatilized or already in the state of gas, to exhibit its characteristic lines. In most cases it is only the electric current that is fitted to produce these lines; and the current furnished by a powerful induction coil was what the authors generally employed.

scholarly journals Using Electric Current as a Weed Control Method

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Hasan Sahin ◽  
Mehmet Yalınkılıc
Keyword(s):  
Electric Current ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Electric Circuit ◽  
The Body ◽  
Vital Activity ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
Important Place

Weed struggle has an important place in agricultural production. The widespread use of chemicals in this struggle is due to its easy applicability, its short-term results, and its economic efficiency. However, the negative effects of these chemicals on the environment and human health have been recognized, and the interest in non-chemical struggle methods has also increased. One of the non-chemical methods of struggle is using electric energy. In this work, which is carried out by passing the electric current through the plant, it is aimed that ended the vital activity of weed (cress), as a result of electric current flowing through it. The experimental setup prepared for use in operation consists of a voltage regulator with 1-300 V steps and copper conductors which will contact the plants. In the experiments, weed seeds germinated under suitable conditions were placed on the board to complete the electric circuit and the circuit was completed by passing current through the plants that the copper conductor tips contacted. As a result of the experiments, plants were observed to lose their vitality about 70% when 100 volts of electricity was applied over the body for 300, 420 and 540 seconds. On the other hand, when electric energy was applied as 200 volts and 300 volts for 300, 420, and 540 seconds, respectively, the vital activity of the plants close to 100% was ended.

II. Experimental researches in electricity.-twenty-second series (continued)

1849 ◽  
Vol 139 ◽  
pp. 19-41 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Current ◽  
The Body ◽  
Pure Zinc ◽  
Muriatic Acid ◽  
Magnetic Action ◽  
Original Direction ◽  
The Masses ◽  
Close Form ◽  
Magnetic Poles ◽  
Experimental Researches

2535. Zinc.—Plates of zinc broken out of crystallized masses gave irregular indications, and, being magnetic from the impurity in them, the effects might be due entirely to that circumstance. Pure zinc was thrown down electro-chemically on platina from solutions of the chloride and the sulphate. The former occurred in ramifying dendritic associations of small crystal; the latter in a compact close form. Both were free from magnetic action and freely diamagnetic, but neither showed any trace of the magnecrystallic action. 2536. Titanium.—Some good crystals of titanium obtained from the bottom of an iron furnace, were cleansed by the alternate action of acids and fluxes until as clear from iron as I could procure them. They were bright, well-formed and magnetic (2371), and contained iron, I think, diffused through their whole mass, for nitro-muriatic acid, by long boiling, continually removed titanium and iron from them. These crystals had a certain magnetic property which I am inclined to refer to their crystalline condition. When between the poles of the electro-magnet, they set; and when the electric current was discontinued, they still set between the poles of the enfeebled magnet as they did before. If left to itself a crystal always took the same position, showing that it was constantly rendered magnetic in the same direc­tion. But if a crystal was placed and kept in another position between the magnetic poles whilst the electric current was on, and afterwards the current suspended, and then the crystal set free, it pointed between the poles of the enfeebled magnet in this new direction; showing that the magnetism was in a different direction in the body of the crystal to that which it had before. If now the magnet were reinvigorated by the electric current, the crystal instantly spun round and took a magnetic state in the first or original direction. The crystals could in fact become magnetized in any direction, but there was one direction in which they could be magnetized with a facility and force greater than in any other. From the appearances I am inclined to refer this to the crystalline condition, but it may be due to an irregular diffusion of iron in the masses of titanium. The crystals were too small for me to make out the point clearly.

Experience of the Treatment of Severe Electric Burns on Special Parts of the Body

1999 ◽  
Vol 888 (1 OCCUPATIONAL) ◽  
pp. 121-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
XUEZHANG XU ◽  
WEIPING ZHU ◽  
YALI WU
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Electric Burns

A REVIEW OF THE POSSIBLE CONSEQUENCES OF AN ELECTRICAL SHOCK ON THE BODY AND ITS MEDICOLEGAL ASPECTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Indrajit Sanjiv Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Electric Current ◽  
Electric Shock ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Home Office ◽  
Electrical Shock ◽  
Medicolegal Aspects ◽  
Energy Flows ◽  
Shock Exposure

The electric current has always been a source of danger to man. The use of electricity in the home, office and factory has increased to such a tremendous extent that energized wires now form dangerous network at every turn.  An electric shock occurs when a person comes in to contact with an           electrical energy source. An electrical energy flows through a portion of the body causing a shock. Exposure to electrical energy may result in no injury at all or may result in devastating damage or death. In the present study compilation of electric current and its medicolegal aspects.

New Perspectives in Rheoencephalography

2008 ◽  
pp. 990-997
Author(s):  
Juan J. Perez ◽  
Enrique Guijarro ◽  
Pedro Ortiz ◽  
José M. Pons
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Electric Current ◽  
Biomedical Engineering ◽  
Extracellular Fluid ◽  
Impedance Plethysmography ◽  
The Body ◽  
Potential Difference

One of the most important advances in biomedical engineering has been the ability to inspect inside the body without opening it. In this sense, rheoencephalography (REG) is an electromedical technique used to assess the cerebral blood flow (CBF) by noninvasive electrical impedance methods, using electrodes attached to the scalp surface. This technique was first proposed by Polzer and Schuhfried (1950), and emerged as an extrapolation of impedance plethysmography applied to the head. An electric current flowing through a biological tissue causes a potential difference between any pair of electrodes that can be measured. This potential difference depends on the amplitude of the injected current, the shape of the conductor, the arrangement of the electrodes, and the electrical characteristics of the tissue. For instance, the electrical conductivity of the lung tissue is much lower than that of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), since alveolar sacs are nonconductive. Furthermore, the electrical conductivity depends on the frequency of the electric current, the orientation of the tissue fibers relative to the current flow, and the amount of extracellular fluid that surrounds the cells. For example, electrical conductivity is higher in the blood than in most tissues, since plasma acts as a truehighway for ions (Malmivuo & Plonsey, 1995).

scholarly journals IV. Results of researches on the electric function of the Torpedo

1860 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 576-579
Keyword(s):  
Electric Current ◽  
Electric Fish ◽  
Electric Organ ◽  
The Body ◽  
Saturated Solution ◽  
The Real ◽  
Constant Angle ◽  
Animal Part ◽  
Homogeneous Circuit ◽  
Real State

"It has hitherto been believed that the action of the electric organ of the Torpedo was momentary only;—that it becomes charged under the influence of nervous action and discharged immediately that action ceases, somewhat like soft iron under the influence of an electric current. Such, however, is not the real state of the case. The electric organ is always charged. It may be conclusively shown by experiment that the action of that organ never ceases, and that round the body of a Torpedo, and probably of every other electric fish, there is a continual circulation of electricity in the liquid me­dium in which the animal is immersed. In fact, when the electric organ, or even a fragment of it, is removed from the living fish and placed between the ends of a galvanometer, the needle remains de­flected at a constant angle for twenty or thirty hours, or even longer. “I must here explain that in electro-physiological experiments it is highly advantageous to employ, as extremities of the galvanometer, plates of amalgamated zinc immersed in a neutral saturated solution of sulphate of zinc. This arrangement, which can be worked with the greatest facility, gives a perfectly homogeneous circuit, leaving the needle at zero in an instrument of 24,000 coils; the liquid in contact with the animal part experimented on has the greatest pos­sible conductibility while it does not act chemically on the tissue, and the apparatus is entirely free from secondary polarity.

XXXII.—Observations of the Earth-air Electric Current and the Atmospheric Potential Gradient at Edinburgh

1910 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 460-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Carse ◽  
D. MacOwan
Keyword(s):  
Electric Current ◽  
Potential Gradient ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Dissipation Factor ◽  
Test Plate ◽  
Gold Leaf ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Zero Potential

The portable gold-leaf electrometer designed by C. T. R. Wilson gives a means of measuring the charge upon and current through a conductor exposed to the earth's field and maintained at zero potential. Further, Wilson has shown (1) that the dissipation factor (the ratio of current per minute to the corresponding charge) is approximately the same for a surface of turf and the metal test-plate; and (2) how to deduce the corresponding charge and current per square centimetre on the neighbouring ground-level. Wilson's measurements were made chiefly in a country atmosphere (near Peebles), and we have made observations with a similar instrument in town air, in and near Edinburgh, to find out whether the dissipation factor is notably affected by the purity of the atmosphere as regards smoke, etc.

scholarly journals The volatility of metals of the platinum group

1912 ◽  
Vol 86 (589) ◽  
pp. 461-477 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Melting Point ◽  
Electric Current ◽  
Electric Furnace ◽  
The Body ◽  
Internal Diameter ◽  
Electric Resistance ◽  
Resistance Furnace ◽  
Platinum Foil ◽  
Electric Resistance Furnace ◽  
Thermo Couple

For the last two years I have been using an electric furnace, and some facts which came under my notice on the occasion of a breakdown of the heating arrangement led me to suspect that platinum was not so entirely fixed at temperatures well below its melting-point as has been universally accepted by chemists and physicists. The electric resistance furnace used (fig. 1) is on the Heraeus system. It consists of a highly refractory porcelain tube, around which is coiled a ribbon of platinum foil, 11 mm. wide, 2∙8 metres long, and 0∙01 mm. thick, each convolution almost, but not quite, touching its neighbour. The ribbon closely enwraps the tubs, practically covering the surface to be heated, so that the heat produced by the passage of the electric current is immediately transmitted to the tube. The tubs is 4 cm. internal diameter; the object to be heated stands on a porcelain rod fixed upright in the middle of the tube. The body of the furnace is made to slide up and down by means of a windlass, so as to allow the crucible to be properly adjusted. The temperature of the furnace is measured by a Le Chatelier platinum and platinum-rhodium thermo-couple.

scholarly journals PROFIL PENDERITA LUKA BAKAR AKIBAT LISTRIK DI BLU RSU PROF. DR. R. D. KANDOU MANADO PERIODE AGUSTUS 2009  AGUSTUS 2012

e-CliniC ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinta D. Siahaan
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Electric Current ◽  
The Body ◽  
Medical Record Data ◽  
Electrical Currents ◽  
Medium Voltage ◽  
Record Data ◽  
Excessive Load ◽  
Electrical Burns ◽  
Electrical Installation

Abstract: Electrical burns are caused by direct contact electric with the body, and often wound more serious than what is visible on the surface. Electric current can cause injury in three ways: Cardiac arrest (cardiac arrest) due to electrical effects on the heart; damage to muscles, nerves, and tissues by electric current through the body; thermal burns due to contact with the power source. The purpose of this study was to determine the profile of patients with electrical burns on BLU RSU Prof. Dr. R. D. Manado Kandou for period August 2009-August 2012. Methods: This study used a retrospective descriptive study method by the medical record data on BLU RSU Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado August 2009-August 2012. Results: The total cases of electrical burns are 40 cases, with 15 cases on period of August 2009 to August 2010, 9 cases on period of August 2010 to August 2011, and on period August 2011 to August 2012 found are 16 cases. Most incidents occurred in the age of 25-44 years with more incident occurred to men. Seen from the work, most incidence is occupied by the employees construction workers. Based on the strength of electric current, the highest incidence in medium voltage (domestic installations), which indicates that the housekeeping installation is not good, using of low quality cable, no electrical installation checks on a regular basis, using of cable rollers with excessive load, and using incorrect electrical tools. All of those items increasing the incidence rate. Conclusion: The accident caused electricity easily happen to anyone. Most of those who work in place are susceptible to electrical currents. On illegal electricity usage may also increase the risk of electricity. In children which less supervision from their parents can also occur. These facts required tights attention from all parties to realize unsafe power consumption and attention to safety themselves.Keywords: Profiles, electrical burns, handling    Abstrak: Luka bakar listrik disebabkan oleh kontak langsung aliran listrik dengan badan, dan sering lukanya lebih serius dari apa yang terlihat di permukaan. Arus listrik dapat menyebabkan cedera dalam tiga cara: Henti jantung (cardiac arrest) akibat  efek listrik pada jantung; kerusakan otot, saraf, dan jaringan oleh arus listrik yang melewati tubuh; luka bakar thermal akibat kontak dengan sumber listrik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui profil penderita luka bakar akibat listrik di BLU RSU Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado periode Agustus 2009–Agustus 2012. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode retrospektif deskriptif melalui penelitian data rekam medik di BLU RSU Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado Agustus 2009–Agustus 2012. Hasil: Keseluruhan luka bakar listrik sebanyak 40 kasus, yaitu 15 kasus pada periode Agustus 2009 ‑ Agustus 2010, 9 kasus pada periode Agustus 2010 ‑ Agustus 2011, dan pada periode Agustus 2011 ‑ Agustus 2012 didapatkan sebanyak 16 kasus. Insiden terbanyak terjadi pada umur 25-44 tahun dengan insiden terjadi lebih banyak pada pria. Dilihat dari pekerjaan terbanyak, insiden terbanyak ditempati oleh para pekerja buruh bangunan. Berdasarkan kuat arus listrik, insiden terbanyak adalah voltase menengah (instalasi rumah tangga), yang menunjukkan bahwa instalasi rumah tangga yang tidak baik, penggunaan kabel kualitas rendah,  tidak adanya pengecekan instalasi listrik secara teratur, penggunaan kabel rol dengan beban berlebihan, serta penggunaan alat-alat listrik yang tidak benar, menyebabkan insiden meningkat. Kesimpulan: Kecelakaan akibat listrik mudah terjadi pada siapa saja. Kebanyakan bagi mereka yang bekerja ditempat yang rentan dengan arus listrik. Kemudian pada pemakaian listrik illegal juga dapat meningkatkan resiko terjadinya listrik.Pada anak-anak yang kurang pengawasan dari orang tuanya pun dapat terjadi. Meningkatnya angka kejadian ini mendapat perhatian dari berbagai pihak untuk menyadari pemakaian listrik yang tidak aman dan memperhatikan keselamatan diri sendiri.Kata kunci: Profil, luka bakar listrik, penanganan.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document