scholarly journals Communication Apprehension About Death, Religious Group Affiliation, and Religiosity: Predictors of Organ and Body Donation Decisions

2018 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 627-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather J. Carmack ◽  
Jocelyn M. DeGroot
Keyword(s):  
Organ Donation ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Communication Apprehension ◽  
Religious Affiliation ◽  
Organ Donor ◽  
Religious Group ◽  
Group Affiliation ◽  
Body Donation

Communication willingness has previously been identified as an important communication factor in influencing individuals’ decisions to become an organ donor. Missing from this conversation is the role of communication apprehension about death and its impact on donation decisions. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between communication apprehension about death, religiosity, religious affiliation, and donation decisions. Three hundred and thirty-three individuals participated in an online survey. Findings suggest that communication apprehension about death, especially communication avoidance about death, negatively impact donation decisions. In addition, religiosity and affiliation with a specific religion also negatively impact donation decisions. These variables were also predictors of organ and body donation. The findings show a need for more research on what prevents conversations about donation. In addition, the stark difference between organ donation likelihood and body donation likelihood underscores the need for communication scholars to examine communication about body donation.

Health Sustainability and Socialization Agents Roles in Organ Donation

2020 ◽  
pp. 184-202
Author(s):  
Pushpavalli Maniam ◽  
Izzal Asnira Zolkepli
Keyword(s):  
Organ Donation ◽  
Organ Donor ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Potential Donor ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Health Initiatives ◽  
Socialization Agents ◽  
Duality Of Structure ◽  
Sustainable Health

This article explores how sustainable health can be encouraged through the role of socialization amongst the youth in Malaysia in the context of the decision-making process towards becoming an organ donor. This is imperative for the nation especially the policymaker and health business sector in designing strategies pertaining to health issues. The concept of the ‘duality of structure' is used as a starting point to link between health sustainability and health communication on organ donation in congregating intergenerational equity by uncovering the structural properties or conditions which either enable or constrain the future of health initiatives. Therefore, this article is aimed to focus on the values and norms commonly transferred by the socialization agents regarding the behavioral development of the potential donor. Data was gathered using self-administered questionnaires from 162 youth. The findings illustrate that the supportive influence from agents of socialization affected towards certain degree on the behavioral formation on becoming an organ donor.

Opt-out paradigms for deceased organ donation are ethically incoherent

2021 ◽  
pp. medethics-2021-107630
Author(s):  
G M Qurashi
Keyword(s):  
Organ Donation ◽  
Organ Procurement ◽  
Organ Donor ◽  
Organ Shortage ◽  
Opt Out ◽  
Deceased Organ Donation ◽  
The Dead

The Organ Donation Act 2019 has introduced an opt-out organ donor register in England, meaning that consent to the donation of organs upon death is presumed unless an objection during life was actively expressed. By assessing the rights of the dead over their organs, the sick to those same organs, and the role of consent in their requisition, this paper interrogates whether such paradigms for deceased organ donation are ethically justifiable. Where legal considerations are applicable, I focus on the recent changes in England as a case in point; however, this paper ultimately challenges the justifiability of opt-out systems in any form, concluding that ethical solutions to organ shortage do not lie in opt-out systems of deceased organ procurement.

scholarly journals Effects of Humor in Health Communication: Experimental Evidence for Video Sequences Aiming to Increase the Willingness to Donate Organs

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Baumeister ◽  
Florian Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Organ Donation ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Study Participant ◽  
Organ Donor ◽  
Communication Strategy ◽  
Video Sequences ◽  
Random Allocation ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Willingness To Donate ◽  
Before And After

Humor has been proven to provide support when dealing with fear-related aspects of life. Therefore, it might be a useful communication strategy for addressing the need for donated organs. We conducted an experimental study among University students in Germany (n = 236) aged about 25 years (M = 24.60, SD = 5.86) investigating the effects of four video sequences related to organ donation on the willingness to donate organs. Based on random allocation, each study participant received one video sequence. The video sequences were presented by either a prominent or non-prominent speaker and included either humorous or neutrally framed information related to organ donation. An online survey was conducted before and after the intervention. A follow-up to investigate long-term effects was conducted 4–6 weeks later. Overall, the four interventions led to high proportions of self-reported willingness to think about organ donation and talk about it with relatives and friends subsequent to the respective intervention. Appraisals beneficial to organ donation improved significantly only in the non-humorous interventions. It seems to be of little relevance whether the humorous message was communicated by a prominent or non-prominent person. However, future investigations should focus on sample populations with lower education, because they are less likely to possess an organ donor card and more likely to have lower levels of positive attitudes toward organ donation and may, therefore, show different results regarding the effectiveness of humorous interventions.

Testing the Strain Theory of Suicide – The Moderating Role of Social Support

Crisis ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bob Lew ◽  
Ksenia Chistopolskaya ◽  
Yanzheng Liu ◽  
Mansor Abu Talib ◽  
Olga Mitina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Strain Theory ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychological Strains ◽  
Moderating Role

Abstract. Background: According to the strain theory of suicide, strains, resulting from conflicting and competing pressures in an individual's life, are hypothesized to precede suicide. But social support is an important factor that can mitigate strains and lessen their input in suicidal behavior. Aims: This study was designed to assess the moderating role of social support in the relation between strain and suicidality. Methods: A sample of 1,051 employees were recruited in Beijing, the capital of China, through an online survey. Moderation analysis was performed using SPSS PROCESS Macro. Social support was measured with the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, and strains were assessed with the Psychological Strains Scale. Results: Psychological strains are a good predictor of suicidality, and social support, a basic need for each human being, moderates and decreases the effects of psychological strains on suicidality. Limitations: The cross-sectional survey limited the extent to which conclusions about causal relationships can be drawn. Furthermore, the results may not be generalized to the whole of China because of its diversity. Conclusion: Social support has a tendency to mitigate the effects of psychological strains on suicidality.

Selecting which touchpoints to manage for customer loyalty: an empirical analysis in retail banking

2019 ◽  
pp. 39-54
Author(s):  
Marco Ieva ◽  
Cristina Ziliani
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Customer Loyalty ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Customer Experience ◽  
Retail Banking ◽  
Customer Experience Management ◽  
Moderating Role

Customer Experience develops through a journey of touchpoints. However, little is known on the role of touchpoints in contributing to customer loyalty, which is the final aim of Customer Experience Management. This study provides an examination of the relative and moderating role of frequency and positivity of exposure to more than twenty touchpoints and their interplay in contributing to customer loyalty. An online survey on more than three thousand consumers is run with reference to retail banking. Results show that only a small number of touchpoints is significantly related to customer loyalty. Findings point companies' attention to invest their efforts in managing both the frequency and positivity of specific touchpoints.

Role of video assisted teaching in counselling to make decision for organ donation

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 145-148
Author(s):  
Sumesh Kumar ◽  
Sarita Bagaria ◽  
Moirangthem Sonia ◽  
Kailash Kumar Khandelwal
Keyword(s):  
Organ Donation ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Health Team ◽  
Video Assisted ◽  
Knowledge Questionnaire ◽  
Structured Knowledge ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
Post Assessment

Decision of organ donation has enormous potential to save countless lives and health team play a vital role in counselling of patients and their family in decision making regarding organ donation in the ultimate stage of life. For this reason, evaluation of factors which can enhance knowledge and positive attitude towards organ donation has paramount importance. Present study aims to assess the knowledge and attitude of adults regarding organ donation and to find out role of video assisted teaching in behaviour modulation. Data from 80 participants were collected using a structured knowledge questionnaire. Pre-assessment was done before intervention of video-assisted teaching and post-assessment was done following that. Data were analyzed through SPSS software using Spearman’s Rank Co-relation. We found a negative co-relation (rK= -0.1122) between knowledge & attitude of adults regarding organ donation before video-assisted teaching regarding organ donation. A direct and positive co-relation (rK=+0.294) was observed between knowledge and attitude of adults regarding organ donation after video assisted teaching. We found that video assisted counselling provided by the medical team has great potential in promoting actions regarding organ donation. It is recommended that video assisted counselling should be applied to enhance knowledge and attitude regarding organ donation among general population.

Gender and Organizational Conflict Management: The Mediating Role of Personality

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maciej Kościelniak ◽  
Jarosław Piotrowski ◽  
Magdalena Żemojtel-Piotrowska
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Management ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Conflict Behavior ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Conflict Management Styles ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Big Five Model

Many authors examined the interplay between gender and conflict management preferences, but those findings were often mixed and inconsistent. In the current paper we tried to explain those inconsistencies by investigating the mediating role of personality for the relationship of gender and conflict management. Rahim's inventory was used for identifying five conflict management styles, and Big Five Model theory was a base for assessing participants' personality traits. Data were collected from a sample of 1,055 working Poles (52.7% women), in an online survey. Based on the structural equation modeling we detected multiple indirect mediating paths of gender on conflict management via personality traits, while no direct effect of gender was observed. Despite some limitations, the study sheds light on the actual role of gender in conflict behavior and the importance of personality traits in the conflict management, both from a theoretical and practical perspective.

scholarly journals Integrating Sustainability and Lean: SLIM Method and Enterprise Game Proposed

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 2103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilie Tăucean ◽  
Matei Tămășilă ◽  
Larisa Ivascu ◽  
Șerban Miclea ◽  
Mircea Negruț
Keyword(s):  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Effective Solution ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Education Activity ◽  
Industry And Education ◽  
The Unemployed

Sustainability and leanness are organizational approach concepts for more efficient activities and increased competitiveness. This paper presents a study and an application of the concepts of sustainability and lean, with the purpose to capitalize on the benefits of the two concepts’ tools when used together in an industry and education activity. A literature review was carried out to evaluate qualitatively and empirically the concepts of sustainability, lean, and enterprise games, and the possibility to integrate the first two concepts into a new tool applied into an enterprise game. An online survey was done to identify which tools are used within companies in the region, how and what training methods they used, and what the reported benefits are. The survey results were used to design a new tool integrated in a new enterprise game (SLIM) developed by the authors. The game was tested and validated in educational laboratory with students and actual employees from companies. The game follows the frame of an enterprise game, considering the simulation of enterprise classical functions. The game’s purpose is to improve the activity in successive rounds. A scorecard is used to fill in and compute the key performance indicators (KPIs), and a new indicator is proposed (SLIMx). Applications of the instrument/game include: students’ training in an educational laboratory; lifelong learning; professional training in companies; and professional perfection/reconversion of potential employees and the unemployed. The SLIM game was simulated in a team of 15 players over three rounds, with teachers playing the role of the supervisor. A number of possible improvements have been identified. The next step is testing it in enterprises with various fields of activity. SLIM has proven to be an effective solution to improve organizational efficiency and motivate players to gain new knowledge.

scholarly journals Extreme weight control behaviors among adolescent athletes: Links with weight-related maltreatment from parents and coaches and sport ethic norms

2021 ◽  
pp. 101269022110186
Author(s):  
Véronique Boudreault ◽  
Marie-Pierre Gagnon-Girouard ◽  
Noémie Carbonneau ◽  
Sophie Labossière ◽  
Catherine Bégin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Control ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
The Other ◽  
Weight Class ◽  
Psychological Violence ◽  
French Canadian ◽  
Adolescent Athletes ◽  
Weight Control Behaviors ◽  
Specific Factors

The use of extreme weight-control behaviors is prevalent among adolescent athletes and may result from individual and sport-specific factors. Weight-related maltreatment from coaches and parents, and conformity to sport ethic norms have recently been linked to the use of extreme weight-control behaviors. This study aims to investigate the role of sport ethic norms and weight-related maltreatment from coaches and parents in the use of extreme weight-control behaviors among adolescent athletes. A sample of 999 French-Canadian athletes aged 14–17 years competing in a variety of sports completed an online survey assessing extreme weight-control behaviors, weight-related maltreatment from coaches and parents, and conformity to sport ethic norms. A total of 16.9% of the adolescent athletes reported having adopted extreme weight-control behaviors during their athletic careers. Extreme weight-control behaviors were significantly more prevalent among girls (19.75% vs 9.7% in boys) and weight-class-sport athletes (44%). In addition, 7.4% of the sample experienced at least one type of weight-related maltreatment by coaches or parents. Sex, weight-related neglect by coaches and parents, and weight-related psychological violence by coaches explained 24.4% of extreme weight-control behaviors variance. Indeed, participants who engaged in extreme weight-control behaviors experienced significantly more violence than the other participants did. In contrast, no differences were observed between people who engaged in extreme weight-control behaviors and those who did not due to conformity to sport ethic norms.

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