Time in Grief: How do Bereaved Parents Mentalize It?

2021 ◽  
pp. 003022282110623
Author(s):  
Bernadetta Janusz ◽  
Joanna Jurek ◽  
Karolina Dejko-Wańczyk
Keyword(s):  
Adult Attachment Interview ◽  
Child Loss ◽  
Temporal Dimension ◽  
General Ability ◽  
Grieving Process ◽  
The Past ◽  
Bereaved Parents ◽  
Restricted Form ◽  
Theoretical Assumptions ◽  
Deceased Child

In this multimethod study, we examine bereaved parents’ capacity for mentalizing the temporal dimension of their grief. The theoretical assumptions of our study draw on the clinical and anthropological perspectives on the passage of time in grief. Parents’ mentalization of their experience of grief was measured both in the attachment context, using the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI) and using the narrative Child Loss Interview (CLI). We used thematic analysis to code parents’ mentalizing utterances in order to categorize time-related changes during the grieving process. Parents generally mentalize their grief-related experiences at a lower level of reflective functioning than their general attachment experiences. However, a higher general ability to mentalize contributes to a higher level of RF and greater coherence in mentalizing their grief. Parents experience time in grief through oscillation between the past with the deceased child and a restricted form of existence in the present reality.

scholarly journals Conceptualizing the Parliamentarization and Politicization of European Policies

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niels Gheyle
Keyword(s):  
European Integration ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
National Parliaments ◽  
Complete Understanding ◽  
Related Literature ◽  
The Past ◽  
Theoretical Assumptions ◽  
European Policies ◽  
Eu Studies ◽  
The Eu

In the past 20 years, two related literature strands have gradually moved centre stage of the attention of EU Studies scholars. The first is preoccupied with the ‘politicization of European integration’, a multi-faceted concept that aims to tie together a multitude of political and societal manifestations underlying an increasing controversiality of the EU. A second concerns the parliamentarization of the EU, referring to the changing (institutional) role and EU-related activities national parliaments engage in. The key point of this contribution is simple, but often overlooked: We can and should be seeing parliamentarization as a necessary, yet insufficient, component of a wider process of politicization. Doing so goes beyond the often ad hoc or pars pro toto theoretical assumptions in both literature strands, sheds new light on the normative consequences attached to these phenomena, and furthers a more complete understanding of how a ‘comprehensive’ politicization of European policies develops.

The grieving killjoy: Bereavement, alienation and cultural critique

2020 ◽  
pp. 1354067X2092213
Author(s):  
Ester H Kofod
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Critique ◽  
Emotional Pain ◽  
Gradual Decline ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cultural Ideals ◽  
Bereaved Parents ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Normative Standards ◽  
Bereavement Research ◽  
Shed Light

In recent years, a range of scholars have put forth critical analyses of the consequences of the ideals of happiness, future-orientedness, and productivity which dominate contemporary Western cultures. The experience of grief—with its sadness, preoccupation with the past, and lack of initiative—is inherently at odds with such ideals. This conflict between grief and cultural ideals of happiness is reflected in the recent efforts within bereavement research to delineate pathological mourning from uncomplicated, normative mourning. While the latter is characterized by a gradual decline in emotional pain, sadness, lack of initiative, etc., complicated mourning is marked by a failure to meet normative standards for recovery. In this article, I will draw on loss experiences among bereaved parents in contemporary Danish society in order to shed light on how profound losses may catalyze estrangement from and opposition toward what has been termed the happiness imperative of contemporary Western societies. More specifically, I borrow the figure of the feminist killjoy, paraphrased as the grieving killjoy, as a lens through which bereavement experiences may be theorized and understood as a starting point for experientially driven cultural critique.

Automatic Extraction of Valency Information

1995 ◽  
Vol 107-108 ◽  
pp. 89-111
Author(s):  
Jan Daugaard ◽  
Sabine Kirchmeier-Andersen ◽  
Lene Schøsler
Keyword(s):  
Natural Language ◽  
Research Team ◽  
Corpus Analysis ◽  
Automatic Extraction ◽  
The Past ◽  
Natural Language Parsing ◽  
Theoretical Assumptions ◽  
The Creation

Abstract The above research team has for the past 4 years been working on a database of valency schemes for 4,000 Danish verbs. First we present the underlying theoretical assumptions for the creation of valency schemes. Then the tools to perform automatic extraction of valency information from corpora are described. Finally, the results are presented. Keywords: natural language parsing, Danish, lexical valency, the Pronominal Approach, corpus analysis.

Eating and ageing in rural Australia: applying temporal perspectives from phenomenology to uncover meanings in older adults’ experiences

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 753-776 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALEXANDRA CLARE KING ◽  
PETER ORPIN ◽  
JESSICA WOODROFFE ◽  
KIM BOYER
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Temporal Dimension ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Doctoral Research ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
The Past ◽  
Vivid Memories ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Rural Australia

ABSTRACTNutritious and enjoyable eating experiences are important for the health and wellbeing of older adults. Social gerontology has usefully engaged with the role of time in older adults’ eating lives, considering how routines and other temporal patterns shape experiences of food, meals and eating. Building on this foundation, the paper details one set of findings from qualitative doctoral research into older adults’ experiences of food, meals and eating. Informed by phenomenological ethnography, it engages with one of four dimensions of the human lifeworld – the temporal dimension. The research involved repeated in-depth interviews, walking interviews and observation with 21 participants aged 72–90 years, living in rural Tasmania, Australia. The temporal elements of older adults’ experiences are detailed in terms of the past, present and future. The findings show that older adults have vivid memories of eating in uncertain and austere times, and these experiences have informed their food values and behaviours into old age. In the present, older adults employ several strategies for living and eating well. Simultaneously, they are oriented towards their uncertain eating futures. These findings reveal the implicit meanings in older adults’ temporal experiences of food, meals and eating, highlighting the importance of understanding older adults’ lifeworlds, and their orientation towards the future, for developing effective responses to concerns about food and eating in this age group.

scholarly journals Neonatal death: supporting bereaved mothers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alia Embaireeg ◽  
Amal Ayed ◽  
Mariam Ayed
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Family Support ◽  
Neonatal Death ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Prolonged Grief ◽  
The Past ◽  
Bereaved Parents ◽  
Conventional Content Analysis ◽  
Sensitivity Method

Background: Death of a child is a devastating experience for parents, owing to which parents may show dissatisfaction towards medical care or suffer from intense and prolonged grief. The objective of the present study was to explore the needs of bereaved mothers after the death of their infant. Methods: The present study was a descriptive qualitative design that consisted of 10 mothers who have been bereaved in the past year. All mothers were recruited from the registry. Data were obtained through an unstructured single interview and analyzed using conventional content analysis. Results: The current study demonstrated that parents had the same needs despite their different backgrounds, socioeconomic standards, and religious beliefs. Their needs were based on several main points; 1) Lack of sensitivity/method in delivering the news, 2) Bonding with the child; 3) Safety and family support; 4) Providing understanding and meaning; 5) Ability to express emotions. Conclusions: The key components that should be considered to support the bereaved parents include honesty, information, choices, and timing. The present study provided a comprehensive view of the overall experiences of the parents with neonatal death and the ability to give guidance to the healthcare providers.

scholarly journals Three Decades of Internet- and Computer-Based Interventions for the Treatment of Depression: Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

10.2196/14860 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. e14860 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isaac Moshe ◽  
Yannik Terhorst ◽  
Pim Cuijpers ◽  
Ioana Cristea ◽  
Laura Pulkki-Råback ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Temporal Dimension ◽  
The Past ◽  
Treatment Of Depression ◽  
Computer Based

Background Depression is one of the leading causes of disability worldwide. Internet- and computer-based interventions (IBIs) have been shown to provide effective, scalable forms of treatment. More than 100 controlled trials and a growing number of meta-analyses published over the past 30 years have demonstrated the efficacy of IBIs in reducing symptoms in the short and long term. Despite the large body of research, no comprehensive review or meta-analysis has been conducted to date that evaluates how the effectiveness of IBIs has evolved over time. Objective This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to evaluate whether there has been a change in the effectiveness of IBIs on the treatment of depression over the past 30 years and to identify potential variables moderating the effect size. Methods A sensitive search strategy will be executed across the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PsycINFO. Data extraction and evaluation will be conducted by two independent researchers. Risk of bias will be assessed. A multilevel meta-regression model will be used to analyze the data and estimate effect size. Results The search was completed in mid-2019. We expect the results to be submitted for publication in early 2020. Conclusions The year 2020 will mark 30 years since the first paper was published on the use of IBIs for the treatment of depression. Despite the large and rapidly growing body of research in the field, evaluations of effectiveness to date are missing the temporal dimension. This review will address that gap and provide valuable analysis of how the effectiveness of interventions has evolved over the past three decades; which participant-, intervention-, and study-related variables moderate changes in effectiveness; and where research in the field may benefit from increased focus. Trial Registration PROSPERO CRD42019136554; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=136554 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/14860

scholarly journals Long Term Bereavement Processes of Older Parents: The Three Phases of Grief

2005 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Malkinson ◽  
Liora Bar-Tur
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Older Parents ◽  
Grieving Process ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Bereaved Parents ◽  
Extensive Information ◽  
Living Children

This study is based upon personal interviews with 47 elderly bereaved parents. These interviews provided us with detailed and extensive information on the bereavement processes that parents experience over a long period of years. From an in-depth content analysis of the interviews and the way the parents described bereavement, it seems that it is a central motif in their lives affecting their relationships with each other, with the living children, with friends, at work and with others. Although enduring grief along the life cycle is an un-patterned process with emotional and cognitive ups and downs, involving a continuous search for a meaning to life, we observed a development in this process throughout the years. As we proposed in a previous study (Malkinson & Bar-Tur, 2000) there are three main identifiable phases in the bereavement process: the immediate, acute phase; grief through the years until aging; and bereavement in old age. We propose to refer to them as the three main phases in the development of parental grieving process and name them “young grief,” “mature grief,” and “aging grief.”

La metafora del bambino dentro l'adulto nella concezione psicoanalitica

PSICOANALISI ◽  
2009 ◽  
pp. 59-68
Author(s):  
Annalisa Ferretti
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Temporal Dimension ◽  
The Past ◽  
Key Words Child ◽  
Spatial Metaphors ◽  
Psychoanalytic Thought ◽  
The Relationship

- The Author explores the metaphorical dimensions implicit in the idea that there is an adult (i.e. the patient) and a child inside him. She traces two of these dimensions, a spatial one and a temporal one. After remembering that in psychoanalysis many theoretic formulations appeal to spatial metaphors, in the lack of a specific psychoanalytic thinking on the consequences of the use of metaphors of the inside and the outside, she goes over again some of the stages of recent psychoanalytic thought on the temporal dimension of this metaphor and, thus, on the relationship between the child of the past and the patient of the present and on the different ways of conceptualizing this relationship today.Parole chiave: Bambino, adulto, passato, presente, metafora,"dentro e fuori"Key words: Child, adult, past, present, metaphor, "inside and outside"

Child Loss, Social Capital, and Depressive Symptoms Among Elderly Adults in Urban and Rural China

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 343-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Liang ◽  
Mazen Sarwar ◽  
Struther Van Horn
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Hierarchical Linear Modeling ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Urban China ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Elderly Adults ◽  
Child Loss ◽  
Bereaved Parents

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the moderating effects of individual and community social capital on the relationship between child loss and depressive symptoms among elderly adults in China. Method: A sample of 2,581 elderly adults in 272 rural communities and 826 elderly adults in 116 urban communities was drawn from Chinese Health and Retirement Longitudinal Studies. Hierarchical linear modeling was applied in the analysis. Results: Social participation as an indicator of individual social capital has a buffering effect on depressive symptoms among rural bereaved parents while it is not beneficial for urban bereaved parents. In contrast, community social capital may be a protective factor for the mental health of urban bereaved parents, but no so for those in rural areas. Discussion: These findings highlight the complex interplay of social capital and broader socio-cultural contexts in rural and urban China and suggest policy implications.

Bereaved parents' perspectives on their needs

2008 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norma Mammone D'Agostino ◽  
Deborah Berlin-Romalis ◽  
Vesna Jovcevska ◽  
Maru Barrera
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Pediatric Oncology ◽  
Community Services ◽  
Parental Bereavement ◽  
Group Of Seven ◽  
Bereaved Parents ◽  
Parental Perspectives ◽  
Deceased Child

ABSTRACTObjective:The loss of a child can be traumatic for parents, given the profound bond established with the deceased child. Parental bereavement and the need for bereavement services are not well understood. This study examined parental perspectives regarding bereavement services from a pediatric oncology treating center.Methods:A 2-h focus group of seven parents, audiotaped and transcribed verbatim, was conducted by two facilitators using open-ended questions to generate discussion regarding their views of what services were or would be helpful during early bereavement.Results:Parents perceived flexible and continuous bereavement services from the treating hospital as a necessary transition to community services. Talking to other parents with similar experiences and maintaining contact with staff at the treating hospital were considered critical in their healing after the loss.Significance of results:Transitional multimodality bereavement services offered by the treating hospital will improve the quality of life of bereaved families.

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