The Effect of Narrow Reading on L2 Learners’ Vocabulary Acquisition

RELC Journal ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 003368821987138
Author(s):  
Anna C-S Chang ◽  
Willy A. Renandya
Keyword(s):  
Random Effect ◽  
Vocabulary Knowledge ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Learning Rates ◽  
Text Organization ◽  
L2 Learners ◽  
Reading Text ◽  
Graded Readers ◽  
Target Words

Narrow reading has not received much attention from researchers regarding its contributions on L2 learners’ background knowledge, vocabulary knowledge, and writing styles. This study therefore investigated the effect of narrow reading on English as a foreign language (EFL) learners’ vocabulary learning. Twelve graded readers were selected and categorized into four sets: same author (Tim Vicary), same genre (crime and mystery), same title ( The Railway Children) and random readers. Each set contains three graded readers: one Level 1, one Level 2, and one Level 3. Fifty-six students were divided into four subgroups and each group took turns reading each set of the graded readers. Twenty-five unknown target words were selected to be tested in each category. After students had read a set of three graded readers, their vocabulary knowledge was assessed on three dimensions: form-meaning recall, sources, and use. The data were analysed using linear mixed-effects models (LMM), with the participants as the random effect, and text organization, vocabulary dimensions, time order, and reading text sequence as fixed effect variables. The results show that more vocabulary words were acquired from texts by the same author or random texts than from texts of the same title; the L2 learners recalled 61% of the source and 50% of the meaning, and 41% of the target words were used correctly. Students scored the lowest at Time 1 and the highest at Time 4, indicating that learning rates increased as they read more. Pedagogical implications are discussed, and future research directions are suggested.

The Effect of Narrow Reading on L2 Learners’ Perceptions

RELC Journal ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 244-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna C-S Chang ◽  
Willy A. Renandya
Keyword(s):  
Language Proficiency ◽  
Reading Time ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Written Feedback ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
Text Organization ◽  
L2 Learners ◽  
Time Order ◽  
Reading Text ◽  
Graded Readers

The study investigated L2 learners’ perceptions of narrow reading. Thirty-two students finished four sets of graded readers organized by the same author with the same genre and same title, or random texts. After finishing each set of three graded readers, the students answered an eight-item questionnaire and wrote their reading feedback. Linear mixed effect models were used to analyse the data gathered from the questionnaire, taking the participants as the random effect variable, and four forms of text organization, reading time order, language proficiency, and the reading text sequence as fixed effect variables. The two 10-week treatments revealed that text organization and language proficiency have significant effects on the students’ perceptions, while reading time order and text sequences do not. Students’ written feedback indicated that all texts were interesting except the texts of the same titles which were boring for having to be read three times. Students’ written feedback provided valuable information for selecting reading texts. Implications of the study are discussed.

scholarly journals The incidence and prevalence of cardiovascular diseases in gout: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Cox ◽  
Sonal Gupta ◽  
Sizheng Steven Zhao ◽  
David M. Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Increased Risk

AbstractThe aims of this systematic review and meta-analysis were to describe prevalence of cardiovascular disease in gout, compare these results with non-gout controls and consider whether there were differences according to geography. PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science were systematically searched for studies reporting prevalence of any cardiovascular disease in a gout population. Studies with non-representative sampling, where a cohort had been used in another study, small sample size (< 100) and where gout could not be distinguished from other rheumatic conditions were excluded, as were reviews, editorials and comments. Where possible meta-analysis was performed using random-effect models. Twenty-six studies comprising 949,773 gout patients were included in the review. Pooled prevalence estimates were calculated for five cardiovascular diseases: myocardial infarction (2.8%; 95% confidence interval (CI)s 1.6, 5.0), heart failure (8.7%; 95% CI 2.9, 23.8), venous thromboembolism (2.1%; 95% CI 1.2, 3.4), cerebrovascular accident (4.3%; 95% CI 1.8, 9.7) and hypertension (63.9%; 95% CI 24.5, 90.6). Sixteen studies reported comparisons with non-gout controls, illustrating an increased risk in the gout group across all cardiovascular diseases. There were no identifiable reliable patterns when analysing the results by country. Cardiovascular diseases are more prevalent in patients with gout and should prompt vigilance from clinicians to the need to assess and stratify cardiovascular risk. Future research is needed to investigate the link between gout, hyperuricaemia and increased cardiovascular risk and also to establish a more thorough picture of prevalence for less common cardiovascular diseases.

scholarly journals Analyzing input quality along three dimensions: interactive, linguistic, and conceptual

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meredith L. ROWE ◽  
Catherine E. SNOW
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Pretend Play ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Book Reading ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Input Quality ◽  
Children's Development

AbstractThis paper provides an overview of the features of caregiver input that facilitate language learning across early childhood. We discuss three dimensions of input quality: interactive, linguistic, and conceptual. All three types of input features have been shown to predict children's language learning, though perhaps through somewhat different mechanisms. We argue that input best designed to promote language learning is interactionally supportive, linguistically adapted, and conceptually challenging for the child's age/level. Furthermore, input features interact across dimensions to promote learning. Some but not all qualities of input vary based on parent socioeconomic status, language, or culture, and contexts such as book-reading or pretend play generate uniquely facilitative input features. The review confirms that we know a great deal about the role of input quality in promoting children's development, but that there is much more to learn. Future research should examine input features across the boundaries of the dimensions distinguished here.

Effectiveness of Digital Health Interventions on Unintentional Injury, Violence, and Suicide: Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
pp. 152483802096734
Author(s):  
Mengtong Chen ◽  
Ko Ling Chan
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Violence ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Digital Health ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Unintentional Injury ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Face To Face

Digital technologies are increasingly used in health-care delivery and are being introduced into work to prevent unintentional injury, violence, and suicide to reduce mortality. To understand the potential of digital health interventions (DHIs) to prevent and reduce these problems, we conduct a meta-analysis and provide an overview of their effectiveness and characteristics related to the effects. We searched electronic databases and reference lists of relevant reviews to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published in or before March 2020 evaluating DHIs on injury, violence, or suicide reduction. Based on the 34 RCT studies included in the meta-analysis, the overall random effect size was 0.21, and the effect sizes for reducing suicidal ideation, interpersonal violence, and unintentional injury were 0.17, 0.24, and 0.31, respectively, which can be regarded as comparable to the effect sizes of traditional face-to-face interventions. However, there was considerable heterogeneity between the studies. In conclusion, DHIs have great potential to reduce unintentional injury, violence, and suicide. Future research should explore DHIs’ successful components to facilitate future implementation and wider access.

Effects of social attachment on social media continuous usage intention: The mediating role of affective commitment

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Maosheng Yang ◽  
Shangui Hu ◽  
Bagna Essohanam Kpandika ◽  
Lei Liu
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Affective Commitment ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Social Attachment ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Continuous Usage Intention

BACKGROUND: Social attachment has been identified as a key antecedent motivating users’ social media involvement. However, there is a scarcity of research investigating whether and how three dimensions of social attachment exert impacts on users’ continuous usage intention of social media. OBJECTIVE: Based on structural equation model analysis, the current research clarifies the relationships between social attachment, affective commitment and social media continuous usage intention, which unveils the underlying mechanism through which three dimensions of social attachment influence users’ continuous usage intention of social media. METHODS: A survey was conducted with 536 informative responses obtained from TikTok public users for hypothesis testing analysis. RESULTS: Results indicate that three dimensions of social attachment (social connections, social dependence and social identity) are all positively related to users’ continuous usage intention of social media. Affective commitment partially mediates the relationship between social attachment and users’ continuous usage intention of social media. CONCLUSIONS: The current research makes an in-depth study about the underlying mechanism whereby social attachment exerts impacts on social media continuous usage intentionand provides several managerial and theoretical implications. Future research directions are discussed as well.

Personality and contextual antecedents of organizational citizenship behavior: A study of two occupational groups

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 441-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pinar H. Imer ◽  
Hayat Kabasakal ◽  
Ali Dastmalchian
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Commitment ◽  
Organizational Citizenship ◽  
Organizational Citizenship Behavior ◽  
Civic Virtue ◽  
Helping Behavior ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
Occupational Groups ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThis paper examines the impact of personality trait of dispositional affect and contextual variables of multiple commitments on organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs) in two occupational groups. Three dimensions of OCBs were considered: helping, civic virtue and sportsmanship behaviors. We used positive and negative affectivity scale to measure dispositional affect. For commitments, we examined affective and normative organizational and occupational commitments. The data were collected from 180 engineers and 180 teachers. The findings show that affect, multiple commitments and occupation all have significant impacts on different dimensions of OCBs. Dispositional affect had the most influence on all three dimensions of OCBs. In addition, helping behavior is affected by normative organizational commitment while civic virtue behavior is influenced by affective commitments (both organizational and occupational) and occupation. Sportsmanship behavior is explained by occupation and affective organizational commitment. Occupation has been shown to make a unique contribution to understanding OCBs. The present study showed that the teachers, for example, exhibited more civic virtue and sportsmanship behaviors than the engineers. Implications of the findings for future research and practice are discussed.

scholarly journals Sustainability in Participatory Sports Events: The Development of a Research Instrument and Empirical Insights

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 6034
Author(s):  
Ine Hugaerts ◽  
Jeroen Scheerder ◽  
Kobe Helsen ◽  
Joris Corthouts ◽  
Erik Thibaut ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Research Instrument ◽  
Sports Events ◽  
The Social ◽  
Development Goals

The United Nations (UN) considers sports as an important enabler of sustainable development. The popular and fast-growing Participatory Sports Event (PSE) sector can play an important role in this regard, however, research that measures and reports sustainability in PSEs is scarce. Therefore, the aim of this paper was to construct and validate a research instrument based on the UN’s sustainable development goals, and to examine sustainability in PSEs. To this end, an online survey was administered among a representative sample of 303 PSE organisers, located in Flanders, Belgium. A confirmatory factor analysis affirmed the social, economic and environmental dimensions of the instrument and provided evidence for its validity and reliability. The results reveal significant discrepancies between the three dimensions, with a noticeable lower score for environmental sustainability compared to social and economic sustainability. Furthermore, challenges are highlighted in the field of the civil society sector and in walking sports events. The findings also indicate that large-sized events are more likely to be sustainable. The current study can act as a foundation for future research on sustainability in PSEs and can assist PSE organisers and policymakers to increase the sustainability-related performance of the sector.

Human resources competencies: a key scale to assess HRCs, including items in knowledge business, functional expertise and managing change

2022 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Managing Change ◽  
Industrial Town ◽  
Appropriate Scale ◽  
Hr Competencies

Purpose The purpose was to produce a standardized tool in the form of a questionnaire to measure HR competencies Design/methodology/approach The authors collected data from 234 managers and experts in human resources of selected firms existing in the Yazd Industrial Town. A questionnaire was developed to assess HRCs. Findings The paper produced a key scale for assessing HRCs in three dimensions: knowledge business, functional expertise and managing change. Two items of the original 33 were dropped as they were found to be unreliable Originality/value The authors believed the developed questionnaire can be used as an appropriate scale for measuring HRCs in future research and also in organizations in Iran.

Vocabulary and Computer Technology: A Commentary on Four Studies for JALT Vocabulary SIG

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-47
Author(s):  
Tatsuya Nakata ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Computer Technology ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Vocabulary Learning ◽  
Vocabulary Knowledge ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Computer Assisted Learning ◽  
Online Student ◽  
Question Format

Four papers by Clint Denison and Imogen Custance, Louis Lafleur, James Rogers, and Andrew Obermeier will be presented at the Eighth Annual JALT Vocabulary SIG Symposium in Tokyo, Japan, on September 20, 2020. The topics covered in the four papers are vocabulary learning using online student-created vocabulary lists, development of a flashcard program that manipulates the review schedule and question format, creation of a list of multi-word units based on corpora, and examination of the acquisition of declarative and tacit vocabulary knowledge from deliberate computer-assisted learning. This commentary briefly summarizes each study and offers suggestions for future research. All of the four studies exhibit how computer technology can be used to facilitate vocabulary research, teaching, and learning.

scholarly journals Reconceptualizing the Hierarchical Service Quality Model: The Case of Agritourism Events

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 389-407
Author(s):  
Liang Rebecca Tang ◽  
Jessica Hurst ◽  
Linda Niehm ◽  
Ann Marie Fiore ◽  
Amy Dorie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Service Quality ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Outcome Quality ◽  
Experience Economy ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
Revisit Intentions

To enhance the success of agritourism events and festivals, identified as important contributors to economic development in rural communities, this study investigated factors leading to revisit intentions toward these tourism activities. Taking an experience economy approach, the 4Es (educational, entertainment, escapist, and esthetic experiences) were used as alternative measures of outcome quality as part of a 4E-based reconceptualized hierarchical service quality model (HSQM). Data were collected from 529 respondents at three agritourism events in the state of Iowa. Structural equation modeling (SEM) revealed that overall service quality was comprised of all three dimensions of HSQM (interaction quality, physical environment quality, and outcome quality as indicated by the 4Es) and overall service quality was shown to be an antecedent of visitor satisfaction, which consequently led to revisit intention. Additionally, SEM results demonstrated the suitability of the hypothesized 4E-based HSQM model to explain the variance in overall service quality at agritourism events. Thus, this study provides an innovative theoretical foundation for future research investigating service quality, and suggests strategies that marketers can use to effectively enhance experiential offerings for visitors at agritourism events.

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