Rural Wealth and Prosperity Across Social Class in India

Social Change ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 673-677
Author(s):  
Surajit Deb
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Social Class ◽  
Income Tax ◽  
Credit Card ◽  
State Level ◽  
Social Classes ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Level Data ◽  
The Social

The sixth part of the Social Change Indicators series presents state-level data on rural wealth and prosperity, that is, the percentage of rural households with semi-medium and medium operational land holding, owning more dwelling rooms with pucca walls and roof, with registered non-agricultural enterprises, have access to short-term credit (Kisan Credit Card) and households with salaried jobs or paying income tax, all disaggregated across social classes.

scholarly journals Brazilian new middle class stratagem: dialectics of consumption and renewal of the overexploitation of labor

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (88) ◽  
pp. 72-95
Author(s):  
Paulo Ricardo Zilio Abdala ◽  
Maria Ceci Misoczky
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Social Classes ◽  
Social Consensus ◽  
Class Theory ◽  
Stratification Theory ◽  
Theoretical Support ◽  
New Middle Class ◽  
The Social

Abstract The argument of this essay is that the ideia of emergence of a new Brazilian middle class was a stratagem adopted to create a positive agenda with transitory social consensus. In order to develop it, we return to the social class theory to discuss the stratification theory, which is the methodological and theoretical support of the so called new middle class. In addition to that, another possibility of analysis is presented, based on the theoretical propositions by Alvaro Vieira Pinto and Ruy Mauro Marini, two authors from the Brazilian social thought, articulating consumption, social classes, work and production as inseparable relationships, part of dependent capitalism contradictions. From these authors´ perspective, it was possible to understand that the expansion of consumption, basis for the new middle class stratagem, temporarily improved the living conditions of people at the expense of deepening the overexploitation of labor, reproducing the development of dependency.

Types of Vulnerable Household across Social Classes in Rural India

Social Change ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 466-472
Author(s):  
Surajit Deb
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Household Size ◽  
Social Classes ◽  
Rural India ◽  
The Social ◽  
Vulnerable Households ◽  
Female Headed Households ◽  
Adult Member

The eighth part of the Social Change Indicators series presents data on vulnerable households, that is, mean household size, percentage of female-headed households, percentage of households with no literate adult, percentage of households with no adult member and percentage of landless households dependent on manual casual labour across different social classes in rural areas of different states.

scholarly journals School Selection and the Social Class Divide: How Tracking Contributes to the Reproduction of Inequalities

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 477-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anatolia Batruch ◽  
Frédérique Autin ◽  
Fabienne Bataillard ◽  
Fabrizio Butera
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Achievement Gap ◽  
Social Class ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Social Classes ◽  
Selection Function ◽  
The Social ◽  
Role Of Teachers ◽  
School Selection

Selection practices in education, such as tracking, may represent a structural obstacle that contributes to the social class achievement gap. We hypothesized that school’s function of selection leads evaluators to reproduce social inequalities in tracking decisions, even when performance is equal. In two studies, participants (students playing the role of teachers, N = 99, or preservice and in-service teachers, N = 70) decided which school track was suitable for a pupil whose socioeconomic status (SES) was manipulated. Although pupils’ achievement was identical, participants considered a lower track more suitable for lower SES than higher SES pupils, and the higher track more suitable for higher SES than lower SES pupils. A third study ( N = 160) revealed that when the selection function of school was salient, rather than its educational function, the gap in tracking between social classes was larger. The selection function of tracking appears to encourage evaluators to artificially create social class inequalities.

Demographic and socio-economic characteristics of men choosing vasectomy

1978 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary A. Parsons ◽  
Heather A. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Birth Control ◽  
Social Classes ◽  
The South ◽  
Class Distribution ◽  
The Social ◽  
Living Children ◽  
Male Subjects

SummaryThe results are presented of a survey of male subjects attending the Kingston Contraceptive Clinic for vasectomy. The men living in the Kingston Area (KA) were compared with those living in the Out of Kingston Area (OKA) for economic and other differences.For both groups, the average age of the subjects at the time of interview was 36 years and the average age of their partners was 33 years. The couples in both groups had an average of 2·4 living children. The OKA sample had been married on average 3 years longer than the KA sample.Economic differences were minimal, both groups having an average weekly income £22 in excess of the estimated average national wage. Educationally the groups were broadly similar, the OKA sample having a higher proportion of graduate subjects. The social class distribution of both samples was significantly different from that of the South-East of England, and showed that usage of vasectomy was predominantly by Social Classes II, IIIN and IIIM. This is interpreted as indicating the gradual spread of acceptability of vasectomy as a means of birth control through the social classes, in a manner similar to that already documented for the pill.

scholarly journals The authentic leader in the neoliberal times-Development, identity dominance and the politics of “doing” in India

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chetan Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Social Class ◽  
Social Identity ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Cultural System ◽  
Class Mobility ◽  
New Politics ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Future ◽  
Diverse Groups

<p>What is the future of right-wing politics in India? Is India as a nation laden in the cultural foundation of conservatism and purity or it is a diversity moulded through the power of right-wing into a singular cultural system? The recent crises of right-wing politics in India founded in the new politics of social change where the historical oppression of diverse groups based on social class, religion, gender and caste has been politicized with new meaning under the garb of ‘doing’ development, cultural revivalism and the discourses of neoliberalism. Present research attempt to understand how the social identity of an authentic leader is shaped by the global neoliberal values and in what way the preference of authentic leaders by the group is moderated by the social class mobility and change. Also, some of the systematic attacks on the freedom of universities gave rise to students’ politics and movements with new vocabularies of resistance and leadership. It is need of the time to understand the leaders conscious ‘doing’ and conscious ‘not doing’, constructing the meaning of a nation in a different way or limiting it. </p> <p> </p> <p> </p>

The Impact of Social Networks on EITC Claiming Behavior

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riley Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Income Tax ◽  
Social Connectedness ◽  
State Level ◽  
Behavior Changes ◽  
County Level ◽  
Earned Income ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact

Using the Social Connectedness Index (Bailey et al., 2018b) to capture county-to-county Facebook linkages, I explore how county-level Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) claiming behavior changes when the county's out-of-state social network is exposed to a newly implemented state EITC. Having more out-of-state friends face a state EITC shifts the composition of EITC claims toward more self-employment claiming. EITC claiming households' income distribution also shifts, moving away from the EITC region with smaller credits, towards income levels that generate the largest EITC. This mimics the direct impacts of state-level EITC policies, consistent with social networks increasing information or salience about EITC policy.

Social class and marriage patterns in some Oxfordshire populations

1971 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Harrison ◽  
R. W. Hiorns ◽  
C. F. Küchemann
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Population Size ◽  
Local Scale ◽  
Social Classes ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Spatial Mobility ◽  
Marriage Patterns ◽  
Assortative Marriage ◽  
The Social ◽  
Different Populations

A study has been made from parish records of the patterns of marital movement from 1837 to the present day in the Otmoor region of Oxfordshire. The social classes of brides and grooms have been taken into account.It is shown that the spatial mobility of the different classes is markedly different, and in the earlier part of the period this difference is evident even on a very local scale. Social class distributions themselves vary according to population size and this variation affects the nature of marital exchange between the different populations in the area. Spatially exogamous as compared with endogamous grooms, however, do not appear to differ in their preferences for the social class of brides. There is marked assortative marriage for social class in Classes II and IV but both brides and grooms of Class III, especially in the present century, choose their partners more or less randomly with respect to social class.

Epidemiology of Suicide and Parasuicide

1992 ◽  
Vol 6 (2_suppl) ◽  
pp. 291-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Platt
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Social Classes ◽  
Class V ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
Male Suicide ◽  
The Social ◽  
Gas Poisoning ◽  
The Unemployed ◽  
Methods Of Suicide

The epidemiology of suicide (1970–1990) and parasuicide (1970–1989) in Great Britain is reviewed. A wide variation in suicide rates exists across Europe, and the rates in England and Wales fall considerably below the median. Although suicide accounted for only 0.7% of all deaths in 1990 in people aged over 15, it was the second most common cause of death among males aged 15–34 years. In 1990, the suicide rate for males was 19% above that in 1970, while in females the rate in 1990 was much lower than it had been during the 1970s. Male suicide rates exceed female rates in all 10-year age groups. The lowest rates of suicide in both sexes and in all age groups occur among married people, and the rates among semi-skilled (class IV) and unskilled (class V) manual workers are higher than those in the other four social classes. The leading methods of suicide are poisoning, hanging and domestic gas, though deaths by domestic gas poisoning had disappeared completely by 1990 with the detoxification of gas. Men use violent methods to a greater extent than women. Only two British centres, in Oxford and Edinburgh, have monitored episodes of hospital-treated parasuicide during the period of review. Both British cities have parasuicide rates greatly in excess of the European median. Between 1970 and 1989, annual parasuicide rates were higher for females than for males. Self-poisoning has been the predominant method used in parasuicide. Parasuicide is a behaviour mainly encountered during adolescence and young adulthood, and parasuicide rates decline with advancing age. The lowest rates of parasuicide are found among the married, and the highest among the divorced. A direct relationship exists between parasuicide and social class; the lower the social class, the higher the rate of parasuicide. The rates of parasuicide are considerably higher among the unemployed, with females at greater risk than males.

Diluting the Cesspool

2008 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 539-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Todd L. Goodsell
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Social Class ◽  
Urban Community ◽  
Trial And Error ◽  
Everyday Experience ◽  
Home Improvement ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Family Home ◽  
Do It Yourself

In recent years, the process of social change through improvement of residences in decaying neighborhoods—gentrification—has itself changed. Traditional families (married with children) and a broader spectrum of the social class spectrum are more likely to be involved. The present research takes an ethnographic perspective and considers the experiences and understandings of a set of families in one urban community as they attempt a variety of home improvement (do-it-yourself or DIY) projects. Although cultural and institutional representations of home improvement are found to be helpful, they frequently fail to capture the complexities of actual home improvement projects. The practical logic of home repair in this community involves leadership, responsiveness, continuing struggle, and compromise. To accomplish the work under circumstances in which ideals do not match reality, these families use humor, exchange, and trial and error. Their lives show that family, home, and community are inseparable in the everyday experience of home improvement.

Social class differences in mortality in Great Britain around 1981

1988 ◽  
Vol 115 (3) ◽  
pp. 495-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Haberman ◽  
D. S. F. Bloomfield
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
Social Class ◽  
Life Tables ◽  
Social Classes ◽  
Class Differences ◽  
The Social ◽  
Occupational Mortality ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Individual

The Decennial Supplement on Occupational Mortality published in 1978 commented on mortality differences between the social classes (Chapter 8) using data from the 1971 Census and the deaths in the period 1970–72. The analysis was based on life tables prepared for the individual social classes from which derived indices, for example expectations of life, were calculated. It is proposed here to repeat this exercise using the data for males recently published in microfiche form by the Office of Population Censuses and Surveys—OPCS. This time, the Decennial Supplement has omitted to provide an analysis and commentary and we propose to make some attempt to remedy this deficiency. In our analysis, the Decennial Supplement data have been supplemented by data from the OPCS Longitudinal Study.

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