Types of Vulnerable Household across Social Classes in Rural India

Social Change ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 466-472
Author(s):  
Surajit Deb
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Household Size ◽  
Social Classes ◽  
Rural India ◽  
The Social ◽  
Vulnerable Households ◽  
Female Headed Households ◽  
Adult Member

The eighth part of the Social Change Indicators series presents data on vulnerable households, that is, mean household size, percentage of female-headed households, percentage of households with no literate adult, percentage of households with no adult member and percentage of landless households dependent on manual casual labour across different social classes in rural areas of different states.

scholarly journals The Social Structure of District School Students in the Kazan Governorate during the First Half of the 19th Century

2021 ◽  
Vol 163 (3) ◽  
pp. 189-198
Author(s):  
G.V. Ibneyeva ◽  
◽  
A.I. Shakirova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Social Representation ◽  
Social Classes ◽  
Mathematical Methods ◽  
School Students ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Government ◽  
The 19Th Century

In this paper, changes that took place in the social structure of district school students in the Kazan governorate during the first half of the 19th century were analyzed. It was shown that the social representation of district school students in the region under consideration changed under the influence of the government policy on education. With the help of numerous archival clerical documents, a complex study was performed to reconstruct the social image of a typical student attending any of the district schools in the Kazan governorate of that time. Based on the results of the comparative analysis of the available archival sources, a percentage ratio of students from different social classes was determined. Changes in the size of each social class were determined using mathematical methods. It was concluded that district schools of the Kazan governorate during the first half of the 19th century saw a gradual increase in the number of students representing various social classes (lower middle class, merchants, and peasants) from both urban and rural areas. At the same time, a rise in the number of students coming from the privileged social classes was also detected.

scholarly journals Kirk Johnson. Television and Social Change in Rural India. New Delhi: Sage Publications, 1999. 247 pages. Paperback. Indian Rs 225.00.

2000 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-75
Author(s):  
Attiya Y. Javed
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Rural India ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
The Social ◽  
Television Plays ◽  
Village Life

The role of television as a powerful medium of communication is wellrecognised. This one material commodity has most dramatically influenced the social life of India. About 75 percent of India’s one billion people live in villages. Today, in rural India, television is considered as a necessity and it has become a large part of most villagers’ daily life. Johnson’s book is about the role that television plays in the process of social change in rural India. His focus of research has been primarily on the advertising and entertainment aspect of television in the context of village life as a whole.

Livelihood Prospects Across Social Classes in Rural India

Social Change ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 310-314
Author(s):  
Surajit Deb
Keyword(s):  
Rural Population ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Rural Families ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Social Classes ◽  
Rural India ◽  
Full Time ◽  
The Social ◽  
Potential Alternative ◽  
The Government

In the third part of the Social Change Social Indicator series, we look at livelihood prospects across social classes in rural India. The rural population in India earns its living from different livelihood types—farming, agricultural labour, other manual labour, domestic services or other jobs. The majority of farmers in the country are however small landholders and therefore depend on other sources of income to earn enough money to survive or to even purchase crucially needed seeds and fertilisers. Then there are the agricultural labours who do not own land of their own and work in the fields to earn daily wages. Since the land support for these rural families has become increasingly difficult, a section of the rural population has started looking outside their locale for jobs. In recent decades, jobs for urban construction and private security services industry has provided a potential alternative for backward or economically weaker sections from the rural and semi-urban areas of the country. The government has been trying to provide employment opportunities and livelihood for villagers within their villages by encouraging them to start their own enterprises, supporting them by providing some training and finance. But although rural occupational opportunities have increased comparatively in several states, the creation of productive livelihoods for different social classes remains a challenge in certain rural segments of India. From data one observes that while a majority of Schedules Caste (SC) farmers remain daily wagers, the livelihood of the Scheduled Tribe (ST) community remains dependent on forest, agriculture and animal husbandry. The Socio Economic and Caste Census (SECC) 2011, provides survey data on the livelihood opportunities of SC, ST and Non-SC–ST households across sources such as cultivation, non-agricultural own account enterprises, manual casual labourers, part- or full-time domestic services, ragpicking, begging and others.1 Our analysis of data refers to eighteen states that cover more than 95 per cent of the SC or ST population in the country.

Internal Migration in Brazil

1969 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 36-46
Author(s):  
Estanislau Fischlowitz ◽  
Madeline H. Engel
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Social Change ◽  
Internal Migration ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Population Movements ◽  
Rapid Process ◽  
The Social ◽  
Internal Migrations ◽  
Process Of Urbanization

The significance of internal migration for social change is a sociological theme highly debated in Latin America today. The article that follows briefly examines internal migration in Brazil. These migrations are not new, but they are increasing at the present because of a rapid process of urbanization. The author analyzes inter-regional, inter-State and intra-State population movements and assesses the causes underlying them: droughts and inundations, latifundia and limited opportunities in rural areas. He concludes by pointing out the social and economic consequences of internal migrations and the Government's reaction to them.

Rural Wealth and Prosperity Across Social Class in India

Social Change ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 673-677
Author(s):  
Surajit Deb
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Social Class ◽  
Income Tax ◽  
Credit Card ◽  
State Level ◽  
Social Classes ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Level Data ◽  
The Social

The sixth part of the Social Change Indicators series presents state-level data on rural wealth and prosperity, that is, the percentage of rural households with semi-medium and medium operational land holding, owning more dwelling rooms with pucca walls and roof, with registered non-agricultural enterprises, have access to short-term credit (Kisan Credit Card) and households with salaried jobs or paying income tax, all disaggregated across social classes.

An Analysis of Consumption Pattern in Pakistan

1982 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 275-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rehana Siddiqui
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rates ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Household Size ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Total Expenditure ◽  
Demand Growth ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

The paper aims at testing the validity of Engel's law with data on Pakistan. Consumption functions for urban and rural areas have been estimated separately. These functions are shown to be determined by total expenditure and household size. Engel's law is confirmed for some commodity groups but not for all. Following tests of urban-rural homogeneity and of stability of urban and rural consumption functions, demand growth rates for different food and non-food items have been calculated, assuming different growth rates of total expenditure and household size.

The Paradox of Poverty: Socio-Economic Aspects of Population Growth.— By T. Scarlett Epstein and Darrell Jackson. The Macmillan of India Limited Delhi, 1975. pp.127.

1978 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 380-382
Author(s):  
M. Javed Akbar Zaki
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Rural India ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Economic Progress ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Fertility Decision ◽  
The Social

To many social theoreticians, the population explosion, particularly in the developing nations presents a crippling threat to their developmental pro¬cesses. Their argument's validity rests mainly on the assumption that expected economic progress is swallowed up by unbalanced rise of numbers in the population. The book being reviewed deals mainly with this subject matter and is divided into two parts, each containing three articles contributed by various researchers. Part one, 'The Social context of Fertility Decision' is focused on analyzing the role of factors affecting fertility at the micro-level decision making process. The first article 'Fertility decision in rural India' by Vinod Jainath, examines the applicability to rural India of various models of the process of fertility decision making and finds most of these wanting with respect to the Indian social situation. While analyzing the fertility patterns of Rural India, he points out the positive need for larger families among the poor small farmers mainly due to labour supply considerations. The author argues that unemployment and under¬employment actually motivate the poor to have more children as it better ensures their economic security in their old age. As the chances of gaining employ¬ment for their offspring diminish, they are induced to increase the total number of children in order that atleast one will be able to support them. Thus a vicious circle of poverty arises in large families because of each of the parents wanting to increase their children's chances of employment by ultimately reducing the overall employment opportunities even further and exacerbating their poverty.

Success of Self Help Group – Bank Linkage Program in India under Financial Inclusion

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ritu Singh
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Financial Inclusion ◽  
Functional Reach ◽  
Self Help ◽  
Geographical Spread ◽  
The Social ◽  
Linkage Program ◽  
Self Help Group

The ‘social banking’ policies being followed by the country resulted in widening the geographical spread and functional reach of commercial banks in rural areas in the period that followed the nationalization of banks. This paper is concluded with a view that SHG – Bank Linkage program is a success in our country India and helping many people to make their life better.

Empowerment of Rural Women through SHGs: A Study in Telangana

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (36) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shankar Chatterjee
Keyword(s):  
Rural Women ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
Rural India ◽  
Group Approach ◽  
Research Article ◽  
Self Help ◽  
Rural Livelihood ◽  
The Family ◽  
Self Help Group

The self-help group (SHG) is a powerful instrument to empower economically backward women of rural India as the women members under the SHG not only can earn income but they feel empowered also. With the launching of Swarnajaynti Gram Swarozgar Yojana (SGSY) by the Ministry of Rural Development, Government of India from April 1999, subsequently rechristened as Deen Dayal Antyodaya Yojana–National Rural Livelihood Mission (DAY-NRLM) self-help group approach (SHG) has been given utmost importance in India for the development of rural women mainly focusing on below poverty line households. SHG concept is popular in many rural areas of India as through economic development and subsequently empowering, rural women have got a solid platform. This research article has discussed the how rural women after forming SHGs in Ranga Reddy district (R.R. District) of Telangana were not only earning and contributing to the family but felt empowered also. The study was carried out at Gandipet village of Gandipet Mandal, Ranga Reddy (R.R.) district in September 2017. The some women members of 10 different SHGs were contacted and few individual cases are presented here.

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