Demographic and Socioeconomic Determinants of Self-Efficacy: An Empirical Study of Korean Older Adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 289-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mann Hyung Hur
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Social Self ◽  
Multidimensional Construct ◽  
Sense Of Competence ◽  
General Self Efficacy

This study conceptualizes the dimensions of older adults' self-efficacy and identifies its determinants by using panel data collected by the National Pension Research Institute in Korea. The analysis supported the conceptualization of older people's self-efficacy as a multidimensional construct and found strong support for the three subscales. For older adults in Korea, general self-efficacy was condensed into a sense of competence. Older adults' social self-efficacy was delineated into two subscales: inward social self-efficacy and interactive social self-efficacy. Inward social self-efficacy could be characterized as a set of inward-looking social capabilities, whereas interactive self-efficacy could be considered as a set of relation-oriented capabilities with various groups of individuals. Of the three regression models representing dimensions of older people's self-efficacy, each model uncovered its own set of variables that played a decisive role in perceived self-efficacy. Demographic variables were more effective determinants of older adults' self-efficacy than socioeconomic factors.

scholarly journals DIFERENCIAS DE GÉNERO EN PERSONALIDAD EFICAZ EN UNIVERSITARIOS CHILENOS

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Castellanos Cano ◽  
Patricia Guerra Mora ◽  
José Antonio Bueno Álvarez
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
University Students ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Social Self ◽  
Present Communication ◽  
Multidimensional Construct ◽  
Las Mujeres ◽  
Estudiantes Universitarios

Abstract.GENDER DIFFERENCES IN EFFECTIVE PERSONALITY IN CHILEAN UNIVERSITY STUDENTSEffective Personality is a multidimensional construct, which has a psychometrically confirmed structure, developed by Dr. Martin del Buey and Dr. Martín Palacio. Effective Personality consists of four areas of Self: Strengths, Demands, Challenges and Relationships. In the present communication we want to study if there are, at gender level, statistically significant differences in the construct of Effective Personality in Chilean university students. The sample consists of 736 students from four universities in the fifth region of Chile. 517 women (70.2%) and 219 men (29.8%) participated. For evaluation Effective Personality Questionnaire-University (CPE-U) (Dapelo and Martín del Buey, 2006) was used. This tool has four subscales: Self-Esteem, Self-Empowerment Academy, Antitrust Self-efficacy and Social Self-realization. After analyzing relevant data, it was found that there were significant differences in factors: Selfesteem (t = -3.039, p = .002), Academic Self-Realization (t = 2.331, p = .020), and Antitrust Self-Efficacy (t = -3.464, p = .001). However, we found no significant differences in Social Self-Realization (t = -, 967, p =, 334). Women got a higher average in the Academic Self-realization factor, while the group of men shows a higher average than women in factors Esteem, Antitrust Self-Efficacy and Social Self-Realization, although in the latter the gender differences are not statistically significant.Keywords. Effective Personality, University students, Gender, Chile.Resumen.La Personalidad Eficaz es un constructo multidimensional desarrollado por el Dr. Martín del Buey y la Dra. Martín Palacio, que cuenta con una estructura confirmada psicométricamente. La Personalidad Eficaz está conformada por cuatro esferas del Yo: Fortalezas; Demandas; Retos y Relaciones. En la presente comunicación se pretende estudiar si existen, a nivel de género, diferencias estadísticamente significativas en el constructo de Personalidad Eficaz en los estudiantes universitarios chilenos. La muestra está formada por 736 estudiantes de cuatro universidades de la quinta región de Chile. Participaron 517 mujeres (70.2%) y 219 hombres (29.8%). Para realizar la evaluación se empleó el Cuestionario Personalidad Eficaz-Universidad (CPE-U) (Dapelo y Martín del Buey, 2006). Esta herramienta cuenta con cuatro subescalas: Autoestima; Autorrealización Académica; Autoeficacia Resolutiva y Autorrealización Social. Tras el análisis de datos correspondientes, se encontró que existen diferencias estadísticamente significativas en los factores de: Autoestima (t=-3,039, p=,002); Autorrealización Académica (t=2,331, p= ,020); y Autoeficacia Resolutiva (t= -3,464, p= ,001). Sin embargo, se encontró que no hay diferencias significativas en Autorrealización Social (t= -,967, p= ,334). Las mujeres presentan medias superiores en el factor Autorrealización Académica; mientras que el grupo de los hombres muestra una media superior a las mujeres en los factores Autoestima; Autoeficacia Resolutiva y Autorrealización Social, aunque en éste último las discrepancias por género no son significativas estadísticamente.Palabras Clave. Personalidad Eficaz, Universitarios, Género, Chile.

scholarly journals Stress and Nursing Home Adjustment: Mediation by Resourcefulness and Self-Efficacy

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 184-184
Author(s):  
Huimin Xiao ◽  
Binbin Yong
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Nursing Home ◽  
Psychological Adjustment ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Nursing Home Residents ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
General Self Efficacy

Abstract Relocation to a nursing home is often assumed to be associated with stress for older adults. This study aimed to explore how stress affect psychological adjustment of nursing home residents. A cross-sectional survey was conducted. A sample of 386 nursing home residents was recruited from 11 nursing homes in Fujian Province, Southeast China. The Nursing Home Adjustment Scale, Perceived Stress Scale, Resourceful Scale, and General Self-Efficacy Scale were adopted to collect data. The path analysis was used to analyze the relationship of stress, nursing home adjustment, resourcefulness, and self-efficacy. The results indicated that stress directly caused poor nursing home adjustment. It also indirectly affected nursing home adjustment through the mediators of resourcefulness and self-efficacy, respectively. Furthermore, chained mediation was found from stress to nursing home adjustment through resourcefulness, and then through self-efficacy to cope with the negative affect. The current study contributes to the understanding of the mechanism of stress on nursing home adjustment in older adults. To improve their psychological adjustment, additional focus should be placed on enhancing resourcefulness and self-efficacy in nursing home residents.

Effects of Yoga on Psychological Health in Older Adults

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1334-1341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberlee Bethany Bonura ◽  
Gershon Tenenbaum
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Control ◽  
And Control ◽  
General Self Efficacy

Background:The objective of this study was to assess the effect of a yoga intervention on psychological health in older adults.Method:A randomized controlled trial study, conducted at 2 North Florida facilities for older adults. Subjects were 98 older adults, ages 65 to 92. Participants were randomly assigned to chair yoga, chair exercise, and control groups and assessed preintervention, postintervention, and 1-month follow-up on the State Anger Expression Inventory, State Anxiety Inventory, Geriatric Depression Scale, Lawton’s PGC Morale Scale, General Self-Efficacy Scale, Chronic Disease Self-Efficacy Scales, and Self- Control Schedule.Results:Yoga participants improved more than both exercise and control participants in anger (Cohen’s d = 0.89 for yoga versus exercise, and 0.90 for yoga versus control, pretest to posttest; and d = 0.90 and 0.72, pretest to follow-up), anxiety (d = 0.27, 0.39 and 0.62, 0.63), depression (d = 0.47, 0.49 and 0.53, 0.51), well-being (d = 0.14, 0.49 and 0.25, 0.61), general self-efficacy (d = 0.63, 1.10 and 0.30, 0.85), and self-efficacy for daily living (d = 0.52, 0.81 and 0.27, 0.42). Changes in self-control moderated changes in psychological health.Conclusions:Over a 6-week period, our findings indicate yoga’s potential for improving psychological health in older adults.

Further Examination of the Self-Efficacy Scale

2003 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 473-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Namok Choi
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Sex Role ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
The Self ◽  
Social Self ◽  
Bem Sex Role Inventory ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Psychology Course ◽  
General Self Efficacy

The purpose of this study was to examine further the factorial validity of the Self-efficacy Scale via component and subsequent correlational analyses. 651 undergraduates enrolled in an introductory psychology course voluntarily completed the Self-efficacy Scale and the Bem Sex-role Inventory. A principal component analysis with an orthogonal rotation produced a two-factor solution which was remarkably similar to the factor structures reported previously. The two factors (General Self-efficacy and Social Self-efficacy) accounted for about 34% of the total variance. Further, the correlation coefficients indicated that General Self-efficacy was more strongly related to masculine traits than to feminine traits, as defined by the Bem Sex-role Inventory.

scholarly journals Modifiable predictors of suicidal ideation during psychotherapy for late-life major depression. A machine learning approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
George S. Alexopoulos ◽  
Patrick J. Raue ◽  
Samprit Banerjee ◽  
Elizabeth Mauer ◽  
Patricia Marino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Classification Tree ◽  
Gradient Boosting ◽  
Learning Models ◽  
General Self Efficacy ◽  
Machine Learning Models

AbstractThis study aimed to identify subgroups of depressed older adults with distinct trajectories of suicidal ideation during brief psychotherapy and to detect modifiable predictors of membership to the trajectories of suicidal ideation. Latent growth mixed models were used to identify trajectories of the presence of suicidal ideation in participants to a randomized controlled trial comparing Problem Solving Therapy with “Engage” therapy in older adults with major depression over 9 weeks. Predictors of membership to trajectories of suicidal ideation were identified by the convergence of four machine learning models, i.e., least absolute shrinkage and selection operator logistic regression, random forest, gradient boosting machine, and classification tree. The course of suicidal ideation was best captured by two trajectories, a favorable and an unfavorable trajectory comprising 173 and 76 participants respectively. Members of the favorable trajectory had no suicidal ideation by week 8. In contrast, members of the unfavorable trajectory had a 60% probability of suicidal ideation by treatment end. Convergent findings of the four machine learning models identified hopelessness, neuroticism, and low general self-efficacy as the strongest predictors of membership to the unfavorable trajectory of suicidal ideation during psychotherapy. Assessment of suicide risk should include hopelessness, neuroticism, and general self-efficacy as they are predictors of an unfavorable course of suicidal ideation in depressed older adults receiving psychotherapy. Psychotherapeutic interventions exist for hopelessness, emotional reactivity related to neuroticism, and low self-efficacy, and if used during therapy, may improve the course of suicidal ideation.

Self-Efficacy among Hospitalized Mentally Ill Patients

1992 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Ray Hays ◽  
Kenneth E. Buckle
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Psychiatric Inpatient ◽  
Social Self ◽  
Inpatient Population ◽  
General Self Efficacy

General self-efficacy and social self-efficacy were measured in a psychiatric inpatient population of 105 and compared with Sherer's 477 college students. Patients have lower self-efficacy than college students. A small but significant correlation of .38 was noted between general self-efficacy and social self-efficacy. Age was related to general self-efficacy but not social self-efficacy in this population.

scholarly journals Sports College Students and Entrepreneurship: An Investigation into Entrepreneurship Tendencies

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Davut ATILGAN ◽  
Yalçın TÜKEL
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Grade Level ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
National Education ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
General Self Efficacy

The purpose of this research is to examine the relationship between the entrepreneurship tendencies and self-efficacy of sports college students and whether there is a difference in terms of some demographic variables. The research is a quantitative study based on a relational survey model. The sample of the study consists of 495 participants who continue their education as active students in sports colleges affiliated to the Directorates of National Education in Konya and Kahramanmaraş in Turkey. The data of the research were analysed using a statistical software program. The arithmetic mean and standard deviation values were determined for the data analysis, and the t-test and One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) tests were used to determine the differentiation of the scores obtained for the variables. In addition, a correlation analysis was used to determine the relationship between variables, and a regression analysis was used to test whether the independent variables predict the dependent variable or not. As a result of the research, it was observed that the entrepreneurship and self-efficacy mean scores of the participants were at a moderate level and that the scores of the participants regarding entrepreneurship and self-efficacy levels differed significantly in terms of the variables of the province, the gender, and the grade level. It was also concluded that as the entrepreneurship perception of the students of sports college increases, their self-efficacy increases and the sub-dimensions “self-confidence, innovativeness, control focus, risk-taking and desire to accomplish” are significant predictors of students’ general self-efficacy while the dimension of “making difference and determination” is not a significant predictor of their general self-efficacy.

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