Look Who’s Talking: Mediums of Contact Among Mid-to Later-Life Siblings

2020 ◽  
pp. 009141502091295
Author(s):  
Melanie S. Hill ◽  
Alexander C. Jensen ◽  
Sarah M. Coyne ◽  
Jeremy B. Yorgason
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Mechanical Turk ◽  
Amazon Mechanical Turk ◽  
Adult Siblings ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Telephone Contact ◽  
Sibling Closeness

Adult siblings maintain contact and remain close to one another. The current study used participants recruited via Amazon Mechanical Turk ( n = 491) to conduct regression analyses examining five methods of contact (in person, telephone, email, texting, and social media) predicting sibling closeness and conflict. Further, two- and three-way interactions assessed the role of sibling dyad composition (e.g., women with a sister and women with a brother). Results suggested that as contact in person, through social media, the telephone, or email increased, sibling closeness increased, while increased contact through email indicated less conflict. Assessing sibling dyad composition suggested as telephone contact increased, sibling closeness increased for all sibling dyads, especially for women with a sister compared to men with a brother. In-person and texting contacts were beneficial for women with a brother. Even in mid- to later-life, siblings connect through synchronous and asynchronous mediums, and this contact appears beneficial for sisters.

scholarly journals LOOK WHO’S TALKING: TRADITIONAL AND ELECTRONIC MEDIUMS OF CONTACT LINKED WITH LATER-LIFE SIBLING RELATIONSHIPS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S327-S327
Author(s):  
Melanie S Hill ◽  
Jeremy B Yorgason ◽  
Sarah Coyne ◽  
Alexander C Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Amazon Mechanical Turk ◽  
Practical Support ◽  
Sibling Closeness ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
E Mail ◽  
Conflictual Relationship

Abstract The sibling role is often the longest lasting relationship between individuals. As such, older adults may turn to siblings in later life as it is a relationship that is already familiar. Having a close and less conflictual relationship with a sibling may be especially important as older adults value siblings for emotional and practical support exhibited through contact. Minimal research has examined mediums of contact used between sibling dyads despite the increase use in technology among older adults. Using a sample of 491 Americans (Mage = 58.96) recruited via Amazon Mechanical Turk (Mturk), the current study examined five mediums of contact (i.e., in person, telephone, e-mail, texting, and social media) and how each type independently is related to sibling closeness and conflict. Further, using regression analyses in STATA, two and three-way interactions were examined to assess the role of sibling dyad composition affecting this relationship. Results indicated that contact through telephone was associated with higher sibling closeness for all sibling dyads, and that association was stronger for females with a sister compared to males with a brother. Further, in person and texting contact was especially beneficial for females with a brother. Main effects revealed contact in person, via social media, over the telephone, or through email, reported more sibling closeness, while those who engaged in more email contact reported less conflict. Thus, even in later life, siblings are keeping in contact with one another through both traditional and electronic mediums of communication, and this contact appears especially beneficial for sisters.

scholarly journals Online Workers

2021 ◽  
pp. 53-66
Author(s):  
Jamie Woodcock
Keyword(s):  
Online Communication ◽  
Mechanical Turk ◽  
Amazon Mechanical Turk ◽  
Digital Networks ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Labour Process

The focus shifts in this chapter towards online workers. It first differentiates between microworkers and online freelancers, discussing the role of automation and the technical composition of these kinds of work. The chapter contrasts the challenges of organising in this kind of work with transport platforms, particularly the lack of opportunities to meet face-to-face. It draws attention to the digital networks that form around this work in response to the challenges of the labour process. Recent struggles involving Amazon Mechanical Turk and Rev (transcription) workers show the potential for these workers to coordinate and build shared subjectivities through online communication. This case study is explored as an example with a significantly more challenging technical composition, yet shows how new moments of struggle are still coming to the fore.

scholarly journals Effect of Prior Gameplay Experience on the Relationships between Esports Gameplay Intention and Live Esports Streaming Content

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 8019
Author(s):  
Wooyoung (William) Jang ◽  
Kevin K. Byon ◽  
Hyunseok Song
Keyword(s):  
Technology Acceptance ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Prior Experience ◽  
Mechanical Turk ◽  
Amazon Mechanical Turk ◽  
Live Streaming ◽  
Low Frequencies ◽  
Antecedents And Consequences ◽  
And Behavior

This study examined the effect of prior experience with esports gameplay on its antecedents and consequences. Prior experience is considered a significant factor in consumers’ intention and behavior, and in gameplay engagement it is considered the amount of gameplay time. While esports consumers are heterogeneous, only a few esports studies have been conducted. Thus, this study focused on prior esports gameplay experience to explain consumers’ behavior better and examine antecedents, esports gameplay intention, and live esports streaming content across two groups (i.e., high and low frequencies of esports gameplay). Data were collected via an online survey in Amazon Mechanical Turk (M-Turk) from esports consumers who engaged in esports gameplay and live-streaming. One-third of the median cases were excluded to create two groups designated by weekly esports gameplay hours. The results revealed different patterns in the two groups. Specifically, esports gameplay had no effect on engagement in live esports streaming content for consumers who played esport games frequently. However, gameplay intention predicted live esports streaming content engagement successfully in the group who played infrequently. These findings contributed to (1) esports research by demonstrating consumers’ heterogeneity, and the (2) extension of technology acceptance and use research in esports engagement by identifying the role of prior gameplay experience.

scholarly journals Sensitivity to Sunk Costs Depends on Attention to the Delay

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Kazinka ◽  
Angus W. MacDonald ◽  
A. David Redish
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Wait Time ◽  
Sunk Costs ◽  
Mechanical Turk ◽  
Amazon Mechanical Turk ◽  
Wait Times ◽  
Parallel Tasks ◽  
Economic Behaviors

In the WebSurf task, humans forage for videos paying costs in terms of wait times on a time-limited task. A variant of the task in which demands during the wait time were manipulated revealed the role of attention in susceptibility to sunk costs. Consistent with parallel tasks in rodents, previous studies have found that humans (undergraduates measured in lab) preferred shorter delays, but waited longer for more preferred videos, suggesting that they were treating the delays economically. In an Amazon Mechanical Turk (mTurk) sample, we replicated these predicted economic behaviors for a majority of participants. In the lab, participants showed susceptibility to sunk costs in this task, basing their decisions in part on time they have already waited, which we also observed in the subset of the mTurk sample that behaved economically. In another version of the task, we added an attention check to the wait phase of the delay. While that attention check further increased the proportion of subjects with predicted economic behaviors, it also removed the susceptibility to sunk costs. These findings have important implications for understanding how cognitive processes, such as the deployment of attention, are key to driving re-evaluation and susceptibility to sunk costs.

scholarly journals Do group ensemble statistics bias visual working memory for individual items? A registered replication of Brady and Alvarez (2011)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Papenmeier ◽  
J. David Timm
Keyword(s):  
Bayes Factor ◽  
Mechanical Turk ◽  
Amazon Mechanical Turk ◽  
Original Experiment ◽  
Bayesian Evidence ◽  
Memory Representations ◽  
Mean Size ◽  
Factor Design ◽  
Successful Replication

AbstractWe performed a registered and precise replication of Experiment 1 reported in Brady and Alvarez (Psychological Science, 22, 384–392, 2011). The original experiment found that participants, who were asked to memorize the size of differently colored circles, reported the size of a probed circle biased toward the mean size of the same-colored group. Because our previous three unpublished replication attempts failed to find this effect, we powered the present registered replication using a Bayes Factor Design Analysis such that it provided compelling evidence regarding the presence or absence of the reported bias with a high probability, even under the assumption of smaller effect sizes. Thus, we recruited 663 participants through Amazon Mechanical Turk. We observed both a significant bias and strong Bayesian evidence in favor of the existence of a bias over the null hypothesis. Thus, our results can be considered a successful replication of the original findings, although with a considerably smaller effect size. We discuss the role of data quality when recruiting participants with Amazon Mechanical Turk. The present findings corroborate the idea that memory representations of individual objects are influenced by summary statistics.

scholarly journals "The florals": Female fans over 50 in the Sherlock fandom

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Line Nybro Petersen
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Youth Culture ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Fan Studies ◽  
Subjective Age ◽  
Fan Practices ◽  
E Mail ◽  
The Way

This article uses e-mail interviews with nine female fans to explore what it means to be a fan over the age of 50 of the popular BBC drama Sherlock (2010–). The research aims to better understand the role of fandom in later life, in particular how the participants in this study negotiate their perceptions of their subjective age in relation to being a fan in this part of their life course. This study combines theory on cultural gerontology with fan studies and mediatization theory in order to understand the dynamics and processes that guide fans' negotiations of subjective age as well as the role of fan practices and the affordances of social media in these processes. I argue that fandom, as a manifestation of a mediatized culture, augments the relevance of subjective age and informs the way in which participants in middle and later life perceive and negotiate their own subjective age specifically in relation to fandom as youth culture, women's passion, and creativity.

scholarly journals PrePrint Version (Edgcumbe, 2020): The developmental trajectory of open-mindedness: from 18 to 87-years of age.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Edgcumbe
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Aging Population ◽  
Developmental Trajectory ◽  
Mechanical Turk ◽  
Amazon Mechanical Turk ◽  
Scale Method

Objectives: The present study examined the role of aging in participants between 18 and 87-years of age on open-mindedness in the Actively Open-minded Thinking (AOT) scale and the Actively Open-minded Thinking about Evidence (AOT-E) scale. Method: The amalgamated data from 12 Amazon Mechanical Turk™ studies was analysed. This included a total of 9010 participants (age: M = 37.30, SD = 14.13 / sex: 4191 males, 4734 females and 85 who did not wish to state their sex). All participants completed the 7-item Actively Open-minded Thinking (AOT) scale, of these participants four-hundred and ninety-one also completed the 8-item Actively Open-minded Thinking about Evidence (AOT-E) scale (age: M = 33.27, SD = 5.78 / sex: 2317 males, 2512 females and 62 who did not wish to state their sex). Results: AOT score positively correlated with AOT-E score (r = 0.27). Age negatively correlated with AOT score (r = -0.11) and AOT-E score (r = -0.13). There was a statistical difference in AOT score between the age ranges of participants (18-28, 29-38, 39-48, 49-58, 59-68 and 69-87 years of age). There was also a difference in AOT-E score between the age ranges of participants too. Discussion: The results showed that open-mindedness as measured by the AOT and AOT-E decreased as a function of aging. In an aging population were more adults work into later age the decrease in open-mindedness could influence many areas of judgments of decision-making.

The Use of Crowdsourcing and Social Media in Accounting Research

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chih-Hao Ku ◽  
Maryam Firoozi
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
Computer Science ◽  
Task Analysis ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Mechanical Turk ◽  
Amazon Mechanical Turk ◽  
Media Content ◽  
Accounting Research ◽  
Is Research

ABSTRACT In this study, we investigate the use of crowdsourcing websites in accounting research. Our analysis shows that the use of crowdsourcing in accounting research is relatively low, and these websites have been mainly used to collect data through surveys and for conducting experiments. Next, we compare and discuss papers related to crowdsourcing in the accounting area with research in computer science (CS) and information systems (IS), which are more advanced in using crowdsourcing websites. We then focus on Amazon Mechanical Turk as one of the most widely used crowdsourcing websites in academic research to investigate what type of tasks can be done through this platform. Based on our task analysis, one of the areas in accounting research that can benefit from crowdsourcing websites is research on social media content. Therefore, we then discuss how research in CS, IS, and crowdsourcing websites can help researchers improve their work on social media.

scholarly journals Under the Digital Bridge: Investigating Trolling Behaviors in Baby Boomers

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 317-317
Author(s):  
Kristen Hardin-Sigler ◽  
Rebecca Deason ◽  
Stephanie Dailey ◽  
Natalie Ceballos ◽  
Krista Howard
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Baby Boomers ◽  
Online Community ◽  
Mechanical Turk ◽  
Amazon Mechanical Turk ◽  
Men And Women

Abstract Internet trolling, or the intentional disturbance or upsetting of others on social media for personal amusement, has become increasingly prevalent in recent years (Howard et al., 2019). Current research focuses on these destructive social media behaviors in younger populations, therefore this study set out to investigate the gender differences of trolling behaviors in Baby Boomers. Participants (N = 140), ages 54 and older, were recruited from the Amazon Mechanical Turk and were compensated for their participation. Participants completed a survey investigating their likelihood to engage in trolling behaviors, the extent to which they enjoy trolling, and their feelings while trolling. Results indicated that while there were no significant differences between men and women in their need, intensity of use, or addiction to social media, men were significantly more likely to engage in trolling behaviors than women. Men reported posting to upset others (p = .018), as well as commenting to upset others (p = .053), more often than women. Furthermore, when engaging in these behaviors, men reported feeling intelligent (p = .013), confident (p = .024), superior (p = .053), and happy (p = .012), more often than women. However, these results could be indicative of a more sinister issue. Men also reported more often that their reasons for engaging in trolling behaviors were feelings of loneliness (p = .005) and anxiety (p = .010). This indicates that these trolling behaviors may then be a way for men to seek out some form of “social support” in the online community.

scholarly journals Signaling when no one is watching: A reputation heuristics account of outrage and punishment in one-shot anonymous interactions

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jillian Jordan ◽  
David Gertler Rand
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Mechanical Turk ◽  
Amazon Mechanical Turk ◽  
Moral Outrage ◽  
Total N ◽  
Mediation Analyses ◽  
Costly Punishment ◽  
Using Data

Moralistic punishment can confer reputation benefits by signaling trustworthiness to observers. But why do people punish even when nobody is watching? We argue that people often rely on the heuristic that reputation is typically at stake, such that reputation concerns can shape moral outrage and punishment even in one-shot anonymous interactions. We then support this account using data from Amazon Mechanical Turk. In anonymous experiments, subjects (total n = 8440) report more outrage in response to others’ selfishness when they cannot signal their trustworthiness through direct prosociality (sharing with a third party)—such that if the interaction were not anonymous, punishment would have greater signaling value. Furthermore, mediation analyses suggest that sharing opportunities reduce outrage by decreasing reputation concerns. Additionally, anonymous experiments measuring costly punishment (total n = 6076) show the same pattern: subjects punish more when sharing is not possible. And importantly, moderation analyses provide some evidence that sharing opportunities do not merely reduce outrage and punishment by inducing empathy towards selfishness or hypocrisy aversion among non-sharers. Finally, we support the specific role of heuristics by investigating individual differences in deliberateness. Less deliberative individuals (who typically rely more on heuristics) are more sensitive to sharing opportunities in our anonymous punishment experiments, but, critically, not in punishment experiments where reputation is at stake (total n = 3422); and not in our anonymous outrage experiments (where condemning is costless). Together, our results suggest that when nobody is watching, reputation cues nonetheless can shape outrage and—among individuals who rely on heuristics—costly punishment.

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