Physical Health of Older Canadians: Do Intersections Between Immigrant and Refugee Status, Racialized Status, and Socioeconomic Position Matter?

2021 ◽  
pp. 009141502110654
Author(s):  
Alyssa A. McAlpine ◽  
Usha George ◽  
Karen Kobayashi ◽  
Esme Fuller-Thomson
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
General Social Survey ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Refugee Status ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
The Past ◽  
Immigrant And Refugee

It is unclear whether racial or nativity health disparities exist among older Canadians and what social and economic disadvantages may contribute to these differences. Secondary analysis of data collected from respondents aged 55 and older in the Canadian General Social Survey 27 was performed. The outcome variable was self-reported physical health. Compared to racialized immigrants, white immigrant and Canadian-born respondents had approximately 35% higher odds of good health. Among racialized older adults, the odds of good health were better if they were younger than 75, more affluent, better educated, had a confidant, had not experienced discrimination in the past five years, and were more acculturated. Racialized immigrants are at a health disadvantage compared to white groups in Canada; however, greater acculturation, social support, and lower experiences of discrimination contribute to better health among racialized older adults.

Prayer and Helping

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shane Sharp
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Psychology ◽  
Symbolic Interaction ◽  
General Social Survey ◽  
Religious Practice ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
The Past ◽  
Using Data

I propose a theoretical framework to understand how the religious practice of prayer influences helping. Drawing on work from symbolic interaction and cognitive psychology, I argue that individuals’ concepts of divine others become more cognitively accessible during the act of prayer. Because most people attribute the characteristics of omniscience and the desire for humans to help others to divine others, people are more likely to help known and unknown others the more cognitively accessible divine other concepts are to them. This leads to the prediction that frequency of prayer will be positively and linearly associated with frequency of helping. Using data from the General Social Survey (GSS), I find support for my argument. Frequency of prayer is positively and linearly associated with the frequency in which individuals engaged in several helpful behaviors toward known and unknown others in the past year, even after accounting for other religious and sociodemographic factors.

scholarly journals The Impacts of Positive Psychology and Individualism on Mental Health Status of the Elderly in China: Evidence From Chinese General Social Survey Data

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yujie Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Social Class ◽  
Positive Psychology ◽  
General Social Survey ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Moderating Effect ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
Chinese General Social Survey ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Many previous studies have proved that positive psychology can promote mental health. However, little is known about how and when it promotes mental health in older adults. Methods The data of this study were sourced from the 2017 wave of Chinese General Social Survey (CGSS), involving 1,537 older adults aged 60 and above. OLS regression model was used to explore the impact of positive psychology on mental health of the elderly. Moreover, stata 16.0 was used to measure the moderating effect of individualism on the relationship between positive psychology and mental health. Results After controlling for demographic characteristics, socio-economic status and lifestyle factors, the regression results suggest that positive psychology was associated with mental health (coefficient = 0.112, p < 0.01). In addition, the positive relationship was significantly stronger for people who were older, married, lived in urban areas, with higher education and higher subjective social class position, and higher exercise frequency. Moreover, the moderating effect analysis results suggest that individualism strengthened the relationship between positive psychology and mental health. Conclusions This study reveals that positive psychology has a positive effect on mental health among the elderly, and the positive health effect shows significant age, marital status, living areas, education background, social class position and physical exercise inequalities. Furthermore, this study also provides new evidence indicating that individualism positively moderates the relationship between positive psychology and mental health. Promoting positive psychology can be a promising way for China to promote psychological care for the elderly in the future.

Care-Related Out-of-Pocket Expenditures in Canada

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen A. Duncan ◽  
Shahin Shooshtari ◽  
Kerstin Roger ◽  
Janet Fast ◽  
Jing Han
Keyword(s):  
Family Member ◽  
Family Caregivers ◽  
General Social Survey ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Population Estimates ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
Levels Of Care

This research examined the prevalence and amount of care-related out-of-pocket expenditures of family caregivers and the factors that influence this spending. Secondary analysis of 2007 General Social Survey (Cycle 21) data yielded population estimates for Canadians age 45 years and older. Thirty-five percent of respondents—1.2 million Canadians—reported care-related out-of-pocket expenditures, which amounted to almost $12.6 million. Caregivers who were more likely to incur these costs reported higher levels of stress, were caring for a family member or friend with more complex health conditions, were providing more intense levels of care, and lived further away from the care receiver. We find that care-related out-of-pocket spending is common among Canadian caregivers, that it can be substantial, and that relatively few caregivers receive financial supports that can defray these costs.

Examining the Association between Parent and Child Sport Participation in Canada: A General Social Survey Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-190
Author(s):  
Victoria Larocca ◽  
Stuart Wilson ◽  
Andrea Cavaliere
Keyword(s):  
Parent Education ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Sport Participation ◽  
General Social Survey ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
The Past ◽  
Income Parent

Research has shown a relationship between parent sport participation and child sport participation. With a sample of 1,064 respondents from the 2010 General Social Survey, this study examined how child sport participation is associated with parent sport participation, household income, parent education level, and parent sex. Results found that respondents with a child aged 5-12 who participated in sport over the past 12 months were more likely to have done so themselves too. (OR = 4.39, 95% CI = 2.44-7.89, p < 0.001). Significant differences (p < 0.001) were additionally found for the respondent’s education, age, and total household income. However, no significant differences were found for sex (p = 0.13). These results suggest that evidence-based interventions targeted at parents who do not participate in sport may increase children’s participation. Further research is encouraged to take a more holistic approach to analyzing childhood sport participation.

scholarly journals Beyond Childcare: Changes in the Amount and Types of Parent-Child Time over Three Decades

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana Wray ◽  
Julia Ingenfeld ◽  
Melissa Milkie ◽  
Irene Boeckmann
Keyword(s):  
Contact Time ◽  
General Social Survey ◽  
Parenting Behavior ◽  
Comprehensive Understanding ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
The Past ◽  
Childcare Time ◽  
Time Diaries ◽  
Intensive Parenting

Parents’ time with children has increased over the past several decades, according to many scholars. Yet, research predominantly focuses on childcare activities, overlooking the majority of time parents spend with children. Using time diaries from the 1986-2015 Canadian General Social Survey, we examine trends in the quantity and distribution of parents’ childcare time and total contact time in the company of children, as well as the behavioral or compositional drivers of these trends. Contact time with children increased sharply since the mid-1980s, by 1 hour per day for fathers and 1.5 hours for mothers. This rise was driven not only by childcare activities but also parents’ time in housework and mothers’ time in leisure with children present. Decomposition analyses indicate that changes in parenting behavior primarily explain these increases in contact time. This study expands knowledge on intensive parenting through a more comprehensive understanding of parents’ daily lives with children.

Does Changing a Light Bulb Lead to Changing the World? Political Action and the Conscious Consumer

2012 ◽  
Vol 644 (1) ◽  
pp. 160-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret M. Willis ◽  
Juliet B. Schor
Keyword(s):  
Political Action ◽  
General Social Survey ◽  
Political Engagement ◽  
The United States ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
The Past ◽  
Political Consumption ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Political Actions

As the prevalence of “conscious” consumption has grown, questions have arisen about its relationship to political action. An influential argument holds that political consumption individualizes responsibility for environmental degradation and “crowds out” genuine forms of activism. While European and Canadian empirical research contradicts this perspective, finding that conscious consumption and political engagement are positively connected, no studies of this relationship have been conducted for the United States. This article presents ordinary least squares (OLS) regression models for two datasets, the 2004 General Social Survey and a detailed survey of approximately 2,200 conscious consumers conducted by the authors, to assess the nature of the relationship between conscious consumption and political activism. The authors find that measures of conscious consumption are significantly and positively related to political action, even when controlling for political involvement in the past. The results suggest that greater levels of political consumption are positively related to a range of political actions.

scholarly journals Does Religion Buffer Against the Detrimental Effect of Cyberbullying Victimization on Adults’ Health and Well-Being? Evidence from the 2014 Canadian General Social Survey

2021 ◽  
pp. 088626052110500
Author(s):  
Lei Chai
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Religious Beliefs ◽  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
General Social Survey ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cyberbullying Victimization ◽  
Health And Well Being

While prior research has well-documented the detrimental effect of cyberbullying victimization on health and well-being among children and adolescents, less is known about whether the same adverse pattern can be observed among adults. Moreover, it is unclear about what psychosocial resources might moderate this association. The present study uses a nationally representative cross-sectional survey—2014 Canadian General Social Survey ( N = 17,548)—to examine three research questions. First, is cyberbullying victimization associated with adults’ self-rated health, mental health, and life satisfaction? Second, how does religiosity—religious service attendance and religious beliefs—moderate this association? Third, do any observed patterns further differ for men and women? Through a series of logistic and ordinary least squares regression models, the results show that adults who experienced cyberbullying victimization in the past 5 years are more likely to report poor self-rated health and mental health compared to those who did not experience cyberbullying victimization in the past 5 years. Likewise, cyberbullying victimization is also associated with lower levels of life satisfaction. In addition, the adverse associations of cyberbullying victimization in the past 5 years with self-rated health and life satisfaction are weaker among those who attended religious service at least once a week in the past twelve months. A similar pattern is observed for the buffering effect of viewing religious beliefs as very important in the adverse association of cyberbullying victimization in the past 5 years with self-rated life satisfaction. There is also evidence suggesting the gendered buffering effect of the importance of religious beliefs in the association between cyberbullying victimization and self-rated health. This study makes important empirical and theoretical contributions to the growing field of research on the association between cyberbullying victimization and health and well-being and to our understanding of how religion matters to individuals dealing with stressful experiences.

scholarly journals Connecting Patient and Provider Burnout to Eye Exam Frequency among Latinx Older Adults with Diabetes Mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 627-628
Author(s):  
Adrienne Martinez-Hollingsworth ◽  
Theodore Friedman ◽  
Mohsen Bazargan
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Influential Factor ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Multinomial Regression ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Eye Examination ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Among Latinx older adults, our current understanding of barriers to eye exam often fails to consider the impact of patient and provider burnout which can decrease treatment adherence and recommendation receptivity in this group. The purpose of this study was to examine correlates of eye exam frequency among Latinx older adults in South Los Angeles and explore associations reflecting patient and/or provider burnout. Data analysis was informed by the Secret Self-Management Loop and the Burnout Dyad conceptual models. This secondary analysis used data collected from a convenience sample of non-institutionalized Latinx adults 55+ in South LA (n=165) and used multinomial regression analysis. Outcome variable is recency of eye exam, independent variables are self-reported health, including diabetes mellitus diagnosis, and either patient or provider burnout (that are functions of grouped demographic or quality of care variables). Variables associated with Provider Burnout, appear to represent a larger influence on eye examination frequency then variables associated with Patient Burnout, with the most influential factor being provider recommendation. A surprising finding was the number of participants who had never received this recommendation from a provider (21%). One-third (32%) of participants with diabetes mellitus had not had an eye examination within 12 months and almost one-fifth (13%) of participants with diabetes who had received this recommendation had not received the exam. Further exploration is needed to support a better understanding of how both patient and provider burnout impacts adherence to eye examination and other preventive care recommendations for diabetes mellitus among Latinx older adults.

scholarly journals The Effects of Social Media Use on the Health of Older Adults: An Empirical Analysis Based on 2017 Chinese General Social Survey

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1143
Author(s):  
Liping Fu ◽  
Yu Xie
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Internet Use ◽  
Media Use ◽  
General Social Survey ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Social Media Use ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
Chinese General Social Survey

An aging population and social informatization are currently the two main social phenomena affecting China. Under their influences, the real-life experiences of older adults are becoming more and more closely connected to the online world, and the influences of the Internet on healthy aging cannot be ignored. This work aimed to study whether Internet use had an effect on the physical and mental health of older adults, whether the effect was positive or negative, and whether its influence on physical and mental health was heterogeneous. In this study, data from the 2017 Chinese General Social Survey (CGSS) was used to analyze the effects of social media use on the physical and mental health of older adults. The results indicated that there was a significant positive relationship between social media use and the health of older adults. The correlation between social media use and mental health of older adults was more significant than physical health. These results could help us further study the effects of Internet use on the health of older adults.

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