Challenges for the Implementation of the Rights of Nature: Ecuador and Bolivia as the First Instances of an Expanding Movement

2021 ◽  
pp. 0094582X2110048
Author(s):  
María Valeria Berros
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Global Capitalism ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
Buen Vivir ◽  
Indigenous Worldviews ◽  
The World ◽  
Rights Of Nature ◽  
America Latina ◽  
Mother Earth

The recognition of the rights of nature is currently being debated in the juridical, sociological, and ethical fields. In Ecuador and Bolivia the recognition of the rights of Pachamama (Mother Earth) began in the context of constitutional and legal amendments more than a decade ago. This process was articulated with proposals presented as alternatives to global capitalism related to the indigenous worldviews known as buen vivir or vivir bien. An exploration of these processes identifies a number of challenges to socio-legal research and points to the increasing acknowledgment of the rights of nature in various countries in Latin America and other parts of the world. Actualmente se debate el reconocimiento de los derechos de la naturaleza en los ámbitos jurídico, sociológico y ético. En Ecuador y Bolivia el reconocimiento de los derechos de la Pachamama (Madre Tierra) comenzó en el contexto de las enmiendas constitucionales y legales hace más de una década. Este proceso se articuló con propuestas presentadas como alternativas al capitalismo global y relacionadas con las cosmovisiones indígenas conocidas como buen vivir o vivir bien. Una exploración de estos procesos identifica una serie de desafíos a la investigación socio-legal y apunta al creciente reconocimiento de los derechos de la naturaleza en varios países de América Latina, así como otras partes del mundo.

scholarly journals De la Universidad a la Pluriversidad Alternativas educativas en América Latina para otros “desarrollos” / From University to Pluriversity: Educational alternatives in Latin America for other "developments"

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
François-Xavier Tinel ◽  
Doris Herrera Monsalve ◽  
Bernardo Hernández Umaña ◽  
Elssy Moreno Pérez
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Knowledge Construction ◽  
Educación Superior ◽  
Buen Vivir ◽  
Educacion Superior ◽  
Models Of Development ◽  
Educational Alternatives ◽  
The World ◽  
Good Living ◽  
America Latina

ABSTRACT This paper analyzes different experiences and perspectives of higher education in Latin America who have incorporated the notions of interculturality and Good Living in their curricular strategies, as an alternative to the hegemonic models of development and linked to community exercises, more diverse and inclusive. In this region, these educational proposals embody different modalities of knowledge construction and aim to erect another educational and learning model of education; therefore, they represent essential means to facilitate required transitions towards other conceptions of the world and relationships between humans and nature. RESUMENEl cambio climático, las crisis sistémicas de una economía que incrementa las desigualdades en vez de reducirlas, y el éxodo anual de millones de personas de su tierra por el hambre o la guerra, son algunas de las patologías de un modelo de civilización en crisis. Frente a la velocidad de los cambios, las universidades son entidades esenciales en la sociedad para facilitar las transiciones requeridas hacia otras concepciones del mundo y de las relaciones entre el ser humano y la naturaleza. Empero, al reconocerse a sí misma como la fuente monopolística del conocimiento y de la verdad, se ha adjudicado también a esta institución casi milenaria parte de la responsabilidad en esta crisis. En América Latina, desde hace más de una década, están surgiendo otras propuestas educativas como las de las Universidades interculturales,  la Universidad de la Tierra, o aún  de universidades que se reivindican del o para el buen vivir como instituciones de educación superior que están haciendo eco a apuestas distintas de construcción de conocimiento y pretenden ofrecer otro modelo educativo de enseñanza y aprendizaje, más diverso e inclusivo; así, este trabajo analiza las diversas experiencias y perspectivas de Educación Superior en la Universidad del Siglo XXI en América latina que han incorporado las nociones de interculturalidad y Buen Vivir en sus diferentes estrategias ó apuestas curriculares como alternativas a los modelos hegemónicos y con un vínculo particular con los ejercicios comunitarios. Por ello esta investigación reflexiona alrededor de los siguientes interrogantes: ¿De qué manera la educación para el desarrollo promueve y acompaña esos otros desarrollos o alternativas al desarrollo en Latinoamérica? y ¿Qué tan alternativas y vinculantes son estas otras apuestas de educación superior hoy en el mundo?

Buen vivir (Good Living): A “Glocal” Genealogy of a Latin American Utopia for the World

2021 ◽  
pp. 0094582X2110092
Author(s):  
Adrián E. Beling ◽  
Ana Patricia Cubillo-Guevara ◽  
Julien Vanhulst ◽  
Antonio Luis Hidalgo-Capitán
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
Development Model ◽  
Buen Vivir ◽  
The World ◽  
Good Living ◽  
America Latina ◽  
Multiple Actors

Buen vivir (good living) discourse emerged at the turn of the century in the context of global political contestation around the prevailing development model at the intersection of multiple actors, discourses, and struggles. A genealogical reconstruction of this discourse disputes the ethnocentric character often attributed to it outside Latin America as an allegedly indigenous discursive product. Instead, buen vivir is a prime example of “glocal” discursive articulation in pursuit of alter- and postdevelopmentalist utopias—a cultural-political experiment that holds valuable lessons for global debates around alternative socio-ecological futures. El discurso del “buen vivir” surgió a principios de siglo en el contexto de la contienda política global en torno al modelo de desarrollo prevaleciente en la intersección de múltiples actores, discursos y luchas. Una reconstrucción genealógica de dicho discurso cuestiona el carácter etnocéntrico que a menudo se le atribuye fuera de América Latina, donde se le mira como un producto discursivo supuestamente indígena. Sin embargo, el buen vivir es un excelente ejemplo de articulación discursiva “glocal” en busca de utopías alter-y postdesarrollistas, un experimento cultural-político que puede brindar valiosas lecciones a los debates globales en torno a futuros socioecológicos alternativos.

scholarly journals The materialization of the Buen Vivir and the Rights of Nature: Rhetoric and Realities of Guayaquil Ecológico urban regeneration project

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
María Fernanda Ordóñez ◽  
Kelly Shannon ◽  
Viviana d’Auria
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Context ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Buen Vivir ◽  
Planning And Design ◽  
The World ◽  
Rights Of Nature ◽  
Good Living ◽  
Natural Dynamics ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Shed Light

AbstractIn 2008, Ecuador became the first country in the world to declare nature as a subject of rights based on the ‘Buen Vivir’ (Good Living) philosophy which is premised on an indigenous principle that envisions a world where humans are part-and-parcel of a larger natural and social environment. Although Ecuador’s constitution is groundbreaking from a legal standpoint, the question arises of how the rights of nature is spatially manifested beyond the designation of protected areas? To shed light on such interrogation, this article, based on qualitative research, focuses on the linear park component of the mega-project Guayaquil Ecológico heralded as a first materialization which champions the “Rights of Nature” under the vision of the Buen Vivir. It unravels the contested rhetoric and realities of the Guayaquil Ecológico linear park in a critical review of the as-built project in relation to the larger objectives of Buen Vivir. The Guayaquil Ecologico linear park promised to simultaneously upgrade both social and environmental dimensions. However, it did not fully address the complexity of Guayaquil’s socio-ecological context and some of the structural injustices of the estuarine territory. Buen Vivir was rhetorically mobilised to implement a project where aesthetic dimensions dominated, further perpetuating socio-ecological vulnerabilities through relocation and evictions. Furthermore, its implementation was dependent on a specific political moment, leaving it in a state of abandonment and neglect. The Buen Vivir philosophy—as a decolonial stance that challenges western forms of development—can offer a fundamental base to question current modes of territorial occupation based on extractivist planning and design strategies. It holds significant potential to serve as base to re-think the relationship between forms of settlement, natural dynamics, and worldviews.

World visions in dispute in contemporary Latin America: development x harmonic life

Organization ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Ceci Misoczky
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Multiple Scales ◽  
Marxist Theory ◽  
Global Capitalism ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Colonial Studies ◽  
American Perspective ◽  
Development Policies ◽  
The World

The aim of this article paper is to offer a Latin-American perspective on the field of post-colonial studies. Following the modernity/coloniality/de-coloniality approach it is possible to recognize how the complicity between modernity and rationality has worked to homogenize knowledge throughout this part of the world. Such an approach makes it possible to reflect on how this process towards homogeneity has been resisted, as seen in the current indigenous struggles against extractive development policies. These struggles show that the various critiques of development need to be articulated and renewed in order to account for processes such as these, incorporating multiple scales perspectives and knowledge produced from the epistemic colonial difference. The critique of managerialism also needs further developments to account for the new roles of management in contexts of open conflict. It is defended that the re-consideration of Marxist Theory of Dependency could enrich the way we understand global capitalism and that at least part of OS could be liberated from the hegemony of management, opening possibilities for multiple interdisciplinary and intercultural dialogues.

scholarly journals Nossa América interpela a Igreja

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (266) ◽  
pp. 360
Author(s):  
Pedro Assis Ribeiro de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Political Participation ◽  
Economic System ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Catholic Church ◽  
Political Climate ◽  
The World ◽  
World Economic ◽  
America Latina

A importância sociológica da religião não se mede pelo número de seus adeptos, mas por sua capacidade de formar o “clima moral” da sociedade. A América Latina, constituída para ser economicamente explorada pelas metrópoles e ainda na periferia do sistema econômico mundial, vive hoje uma onda de participação política dos setores populares em busca de democracia e de uma outra AL possível. Esses sinais dos tempos interpelam a Igreja católica, onde a pastoral comprometida com os Direitos Humanos e com as lutas populares tem sido contestada por setores conservadores. O V CELAM reafirmará a participação da Igreja na construção desse novo “clima político”, ou se preocupará apenas em aumentar o número de seus membros?Abstract: The sociological significance of religion is not measured by the number of its followers but by its ability to produce a “moral climate” in society. Latin America, still on the periphery of the world economic system and constituted to be economically exploited by the metropolises is currently experiencing a wave of political participation on the part of the most popular sectors of society in search of real democracy and of other possibilities for Latin America. These signsofthetimes are challenging the Catholic Church where the pastoral committed to the popular struggle and to Human Rights is being contested by the conservative sectors. Will the 5th Latin American Episcopal Conference (CELAM) reaffirm the Church’s participation in the construction of this new “political climate” or will it only be concerned with expanding its membership?

scholarly journals Distribución de plaguicidas organoclorados (OCPs) en sedimentos costeros de América Latina

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-52
Author(s):  
L Gironés ◽  
A.H. Arias ◽  
J.E. Marcovecchio
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Organochlorine Pesticides ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Coastal Sediments ◽  
Agricultural Fields ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
The World ◽  
Big Cities ◽  
America Latina

Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) are compounds that have been forbidden in most of the World countries for been highly toxic and persistent. Due to their intrinsic characteristics, even today, they can be found in almost any environment. In this work it was aimed to analyze their distribution in Latin American coastal sediments, at Atlantic and Pacific oceans, through the analysis of thirty three scientific publications that characterized a total of fifty five sites. It was observed that general concentrations depended of the own characteristics of each site, being larger closer to big cities or intensive agricultural fields, as well as semi-closed environments with larger rates of water permanence and consequently larger influence from the continent. Likewise it was observed that the composed addition of OCPs was similar among sites located in the same country or region. Keywords: Organochlorine pesticides, sediments, coasts, Latin America, composition.

scholarly journals Pandemia y colapso capitalista

2021 ◽  
pp. 13-49
Author(s):  
Daniel Inclán ◽  
Sandy Ramírez ◽  
Cristóbal Reyes ◽  
Josué Veiga
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Capitalist System ◽  
The World ◽  
Open Debate ◽  
Long Time ◽  
America Latina

Este trabajo presenta algunos de los temas de un debate abierto sobre la naturaleza del tiempo presente, al que caracterizamos como colapso, para diferenciarlo de las crisis estructurales del sistema capitalista. Nos interesa resaltar que, en tiempos de la COVID-19, la catástrofe tiene largo rato expandiéndose en el mundo, por lo que es necesario hacer interpretaciones genealógicas que salgan de la trampa de lo novedoso. De manera específica, el texto resalta algunas de las trayectorias del colapso en América Latina. Derivamos así un análisis sobre las formas de gubernamentalidad en el contexto de colapso y las maneras en las que se actualiza durante la pandemia en América Latina. Pandemic and Capitalist Collapse. A View from Latin America Abstract: This work presents some of the topics of an open debate about the nature of the present time, which we characterize as collapse, to differentiate it from the structural crises of the capitalist system. We are interested in emphasizing that, in times of COVID-19, the catastrophe has been expanding in the world for a long time, so it is necessary genealogical interpretations that overcome the trap of the novelty. Specifically, the text distinguishes some of the trajectories of the collapse in Latin America. From these, we analyze the forms of governmentality in the context of collapse and the ways in which it is happening during the pandemic in Latin America. Keywords: collapse in Latin America, capitalism, pandemic, collapse governmentality.

Globalización en Latinoamerica: Continuidad y Discontinuidad del Proceso de Mundialización Capitalista

2017 ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Ivan Pincheira Torres
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
The World ◽  
America Latina

La globalización está presente a medida que se diseña el nuevo mapa del mundo, en el cual se puede apreciar cómo cambian la relación y el comportamiento que han tenido hasta ahora tanto las sociedades como los individuos. Por esto, cualquier esfuerzo teórico por tratar de entender los distintos procesos que atraviesa Latinoamérica tiene que inscribirse necesariamente en el contexto de la globalización. Nada puede ser discutido prescindiendo de ésta. En este sentido, el presente trabajo tiene la pretensión de describir las diversas dimensiones y manifestaciones que comportan el fenómeno de la globalización.Palabras Clave América Latina / Globalización / sociedad / individuo. Abstract:The globalization is present in the form by means of which the new map of the world is designed, in which it is possible to see the changes on the relations, the behaviors that have had until now societies as well as individuals. Hence, any theoretical effort to try to understand the different processes that Latin America undergoes must be necessarily registered in the context of the globalization. Nothing can be discussed without it. In this sense, the present work aims at describing the diverse dimensions and manifestations that form the phenomenon of the globalization.Key words Latin America / globalization / society /  individual 

scholarly journals Globalización en Latinoamerica: Continuidad y Discontinuidad del Proceso de Mundialización Capitalista

2017 ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Ivan Pincheira Torres
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
The World ◽  
America Latina

La globalización está presente a medida que se diseña el nuevo mapa del mundo, en el cual se puede apreciar cómo cambian la relación y el comportamiento que han tenido hasta ahora tanto las sociedades como los individuos. Por esto, cualquier esfuerzo teórico por tratar de entender los distintos procesos que atraviesa Latinoamérica tiene que inscribirse necesariamente en el contexto de la globalización. Nada puede ser discutido prescindiendo de ésta. En este sentido, el presente trabajo tiene la pretensión de describir las diversas dimensiones y manifestaciones que comportan el fenómeno de la globalización.Palabras Clave América Latina / Globalización / sociedad / individuo. Abstract:The globalization is present in the form by means of which the new map of the world is designed, in which it is possible to see the changes on the relations, the behaviors that have had until now societies as well as individuals. Hence, any theoretical effort to try to understand the different processes that Latin America undergoes must be necessarily registered in the context of the globalization. Nothing can be discussed without it. In this sense, the present work aims at describing the diverse dimensions and manifestations that form the phenomenon of the globalization.Key words Latin America / globalization / society /  individual 

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