Buen vivir and Changes in Education in Ecuador, 2006–2016

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 119-135
Author(s):  
Ricardo Restrepo Echavarría ◽  
Agnes Orosz
Keyword(s):  
Resource Allocation ◽  
Education System ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Buen Vivir ◽  
Marginalized Groups ◽  
Knowledge Intensive ◽  
Political Economic

Education is a pillar of buen vivir, the guiding ideal of Ecuador’s 2008 Constitution. In this framework, Ecuador made significant shifts in its education system from 2006 to 2016, the decade of the Citizens’ Revolution. The key buen vivir concepts and processes that framed these shifts were considering education as a right, as a social debt, and as a driver of a more just, knowledge-intensive and clean economy. Resource allocation, general access, learning, and inclusion of structurally marginalized groups showed significant improvement in this decade, along with other key political, economic and social changes, thus making significant advances in the emancipation of society toward buen vivir, and marking elements of how and why advancing this transformation is important. La educación como derecho es un pilar del buen vivir, el ideal rector de la Constitución de Ecuador de 2008. En este marco, Ecuador realizó cambios significativos en su sistema educativo de 2006 a 2016. Los conceptos y procesos clave que enmarcaron estos cambios fueron considerar la educación como un derecho, una deuda social, y el motor de una economía más justa, intensiva en conocimiento y limpia. La asignación de recursos, el acceso general, el aprendizaje y la inclusión de grupos estructuralmente marginados tuvieron mejorías significativas, junto a otros cambios políticos, económicos y sociales claves, realizando avances significativos en la emancipación de la sociedad hacia el buen vivir, así como delineando elementos de cómo y por qué avanzar esta transformación es importante.

scholarly journals Latvia: A Historical Analysis of Transformation and Diversification of the Higher Education System

2018 ◽  
pp. 259-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Ait Si Mhamed ◽  
Zane Vārpiņa ◽  
Indra Dedze ◽  
Rita Kaša
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Education System ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
Soviet Legacy ◽  
And Shifts ◽  
Political Economic

AbstractThis chapter analyses the trend of transformation and diversification of higher education in Latvia due to political, economic and social changes in the country. Higher education institutions (HEIs) were established prior to Soviet legacy and during the first independence of Latvia in early twentieth century. During the Soviet rule in Latvia, HE was under full state control, organised to serve the needs of the centrally planned economy and the official Marxist-Leninist ideology. When Latvia proclaimed its independence from the USSR in 1990, its higher education system consisted of ten state HEIs; five of which were placed under the Ministry of Education and others were operating under the auspices of the ministries of healthcare, culture and agriculture. Multiple changes have taken place in the sector of higher education since then. The most important accomplishments of the HE reform during the transition period from the centrally controlled Soviet system to a democratically governed system of independent Latvia as reported in literature were autonomy of HEIs, the expansion of the HE sector in terms of the number of institutions and students, the creation of private HEIs, the introduction of HE quality assessment, the development of new study programmes, the modernisation of existing study programmes and the intensification of international cooperation between HEIs in Latvia and abroad. Hence, ensuring transformations of the HE sector involved continuing the diversification of the institutional landscape. Factors leading to this diversification include increased demand for higher education in social sciences, government’s initiated restructuring of higher education, regulation of the use of languages in higher education, secondary education reforms in early 1990s and shifts in demographic composition of higher education students.

Leisurely Islam

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lara Deeb ◽  
Mona Harb
Keyword(s):  
Political Context ◽  
The Political ◽  
Religious Leaders ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Moral Norms ◽  
Spatial Practices ◽  
Class Mobility ◽  
Political Economic

South Beirut has recently become a vibrant leisure destination with a plethora of cafés and restaurants that cater to the young, fashionable, and pious. What effects have these establishments had on the moral norms, spatial practices, and urban experiences of this Lebanese community? From the diverse voices of young Shi'i Muslims searching for places to hang out, to the Hezbollah officials who want this media-savvy generation to be more politically involved, to the religious leaders worried that Lebanese youth are losing their moral compasses, this book provides a sophisticated and original look at leisure in the Lebanese capital. What makes a café morally appropriate? How do people negotiate morality in relation to different places? And under what circumstances might a pious Muslim go to a café that serves alcohol? This book highlights tensions and complexities exacerbated by the presence of multiple religious authorities, a fraught sectarian political context, class mobility, and a generation that takes religion for granted but wants to have fun. The book elucidates the political, economic, religious, and social changes that have taken place since 2000, and examines leisure's influence on Lebanese sociopolitical and urban situations. Asserting that morality and geography cannot be fully understood in isolation from one another, the book offers a colorful new understanding of the most powerful community in Lebanon today.

Political Competition and Right-Wing Terrorism: A County-Level Analysis of the United States

2021 ◽  
pp. 106591292110067
Author(s):  
Stephen C. Nemeth ◽  
Holley E. Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Politics ◽  
Political Competition ◽  
The United States ◽  
County Level ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Electoral Outcomes ◽  
Economic Anxiety ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Level Analysis

While many previous studies on U.S. right-wing violence center on factors such as racial threat and economic anxiety, we draw from comparative politics research linking electoral dynamics to anti-minority violence. Furthermore, we argue that the causes of right-wing terrorism do not solely rest on political, economic, or social changes individually, but on their interaction. Using a geocoded, U.S. county-level analysis of right-wing terrorist incidents from 1970 to 2016, we find no evidence that poorer or more diverse counties are targets of right-wing terrorism. Rather, right-wing violence is more common in areas where “playing the ethnic card” makes strategic sense for elites looking to shift electoral outcomes: counties that are in electorally competitive areas and that are predominantly white.

scholarly journals Professional Development of Bachelor Designers by Means of Information and Communication Technologies

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 5119-5122
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Education System ◽  
Design Education ◽  
Design Thinking ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Transfer Of Knowledge ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Information And Communication

A developed information community assumes a broad and active use of information and communication technologies (ICT) in the education system, which is due to a number of factors that accompany the process of social development. One of the first to highlight is the introduction of information and communication technologies in education in order to accelerate the transfer of knowledge and experience accumulated by mankind from generation to generation, and from person to person. The second factor to be called is the possibility of improving the quality of education in the process of mastering information and communication technologies, which allows a person to more successfully adapt to what is happening around, i.e. to social changes. The third factor is the active and fairly effective implementation of information and communication technologies in the education system, which is a guarantee of updating the education system in accordance with the needs of modern society. This paper discusses the use of information and communication technologies in the preparation of future bachelors-designers as one of the organizational forms of innovative type teaching at a university, based on modern achievements of the psychological and pedagogical sciences, educational materials of a new generation and widespread use of electronic educational resources. The variety of diverse actions performed by a designer requires their systematization by means of information and communication technologies and bringing them into line with the competencies mastered in the learning process. Through the introduction of computer technologies in the design education system and mastering ArchiCad and Artlantis Render programs by a student going improvement of his/her professional skills as future experts in the field of design, and accordingly, increasing their competitiveness in the labour market. At the same time, the process of forming the creative activity of future designers requires, first of all, the development of their spatial and design thinking; therefore, when teaching a teacher, it is necessary to make the process of mastering information and communication technologies proportionate to the process of developing student's intellectual characteristics

scholarly journals RISK ECONOMY

2018 ◽  
pp. 16-55
Author(s):  
S. SOLODOVNICOV.
Keyword(s):  
High Tech ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Theoretical Substantiation ◽  
Economic Concept ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Global Catastrophe ◽  
Knowledge Intensive ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Current Stage

The article is devoted to the theoretical substantiation of a new social paradigm – risk economy. The current stage of society development and the economy is characterized by a critical increase in financial, technological and technological, political and economic, geo-economic and other uncertainties. It is impossible to understand their ontological nature and reveal the phenomenological specificity without a meaningful definition of the current stage of development of the economic system of society. The article consistently revealed the characteristics of current society, which allowed the author to present a new political and economic concept that characterizes the current stage of development of society and the economy – the risk economy. The risk economy is an economy of high-tech and knowledge-intensive industries, characterized by the highest degree of political, economic, technological, financial and environmental uncertainties and risks. These risks are becoming comprehensive, many of them are in principle unpredictable, and their possible negative consequences could lead Humanity to a global catastrophe. Understanding the nature of risk economics is critically important for developing effective political and economic mechanisms to counter these risks.

scholarly journals Socio-Religious and Political Changes in Punjab during the Second Half of Nineteenth Century

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karanbir Singh
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Political Instability ◽  
The State ◽  
East India Company ◽  
Best Interests ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
British Rule ◽  
Precautionary Measures ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Anglo Indian

<div><p><em>After the death of Maharaja Ranjit Singh, the East India Company defeated the Khalsa Army of Lahore Darbar in two Anglo-Sikh Wars. Being astute political masters, the British felt the lurking fear of simmering discontent among the Punjabis against their rule. For safeguarding the logistics of administration, efficacious precautionary measures were undertaken by them to satisfy the grievances of certain sections of the society so that British rule would face lesser political instability and enmity of the natives. After 1857, the British conducted a thorough study of ethnographic, fiscal, geographical, political, social and religious conditions of Punjab and oriented their administrative policies to suit the best interests of the Empire.  Far-reaching political, economic and social changes were introduced by the British to strengthen their hold over all branches of administration. A new administrative hierarchy, composed of Anglo-Indian elements was firmly established and it embraced every activity of the state.  </em></p></div>

The socio-ecology of firewood and charcoal on the Freetown peninsula

Africa ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 457-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Akindele Cline-Cole
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Wood Fuel ◽  
Western Area ◽  
Opening Paragraph ◽  
Political Economic

Opening ParagraphIn a country which in the last 200 years has undergone continuous and often momentous political, economic and social changes, few things are capable of conveying as strong an impression of stability and changelessness as wood fuel (charcoal and firewood) consumption and production; and nowhere is this more striking than on the Freetown or Western Area (formerly Colony) peninsula. In this region, which has always accounted for the major share of national electricity, kerosene and cooking gas (LPG) consumption, not only is current percentage household firewood consumption only fractionally lower than in the nineteenth century but a much higher proportion of households consume charcoal now than at any time in the last two centuries (Cline-Cole, 1984a). Today firewood and charcoal combined supply a minimum of 80 per cent of total peninsula energy demand for both domestic and non-household uses (Davidson, 1985). Freetown's firewood consumption also represents some 10 per cent of the national total (Atlanta, 1979).

A Study on the Change of Functions of Kinari Village’s Rumah Gadang

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-24
Author(s):  
Zhang Jingling
Keyword(s):  
Family Structure ◽  
Education System ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Traditional Culture ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Real Condition ◽  
National Education ◽  
Personal Awareness ◽  
National Education System

This paper will present the real condition of traditional house in Nagari Kinari and try to analyze the change of the traditional house function as well as its factors. The study uses a qualitative approach to identifying and collecting field data through the fieldwork in Nagari Kinari, Solok. The result shows traditional houses in Kinari have changed its functions dramatically. These changes occur due to social changes, including changes in family structure, economic income, the national education system and personal awareness, and also differences in understanding of traditional culture.

THE EFFECTS OF RESOURCE ALLOCATION ON EDUCATION SYSTEM

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura-Mirela Pintilie ◽  
Maria-Viorica Bedrule-Grigoruta
Keyword(s):  
Resource Allocation ◽  
Education System

Tribal associations, tribal solidarity, and tribal chauvinism in a Kenya town

1973 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Tamarkin
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Political Competition ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Political ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Close Analysis ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The One ◽  
Political Economic

From a close analysis of African activities and actions in the Kenyan town of Nakuru from the 19205 to the 1960s, it is argued that living in towns tended to consolidate the identities of tribal groups and to exacerbate their differences. Contrasts between the urban responses of the Kikuyu, on the one hand, and the Western Kenyan tribes, the Luo and the Abaluhya, on the other, are analysed, and are related to differences in the tribal structures and in the political, economic and social changes that were taking place in their rural areas. By the early 1960s, the stage was set for open political competition between tribal groups.

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