Leisurely Islam

Author(s):  
Lara Deeb ◽  
Mona Harb

South Beirut has recently become a vibrant leisure destination with a plethora of cafés and restaurants that cater to the young, fashionable, and pious. What effects have these establishments had on the moral norms, spatial practices, and urban experiences of this Lebanese community? From the diverse voices of young Shi'i Muslims searching for places to hang out, to the Hezbollah officials who want this media-savvy generation to be more politically involved, to the religious leaders worried that Lebanese youth are losing their moral compasses, this book provides a sophisticated and original look at leisure in the Lebanese capital. What makes a café morally appropriate? How do people negotiate morality in relation to different places? And under what circumstances might a pious Muslim go to a café that serves alcohol? This book highlights tensions and complexities exacerbated by the presence of multiple religious authorities, a fraught sectarian political context, class mobility, and a generation that takes religion for granted but wants to have fun. The book elucidates the political, economic, religious, and social changes that have taken place since 2000, and examines leisure's influence on Lebanese sociopolitical and urban situations. Asserting that morality and geography cannot be fully understood in isolation from one another, the book offers a colorful new understanding of the most powerful community in Lebanon today.

1973 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Tamarkin

From a close analysis of African activities and actions in the Kenyan town of Nakuru from the 19205 to the 1960s, it is argued that living in towns tended to consolidate the identities of tribal groups and to exacerbate their differences. Contrasts between the urban responses of the Kikuyu, on the one hand, and the Western Kenyan tribes, the Luo and the Abaluhya, on the other, are analysed, and are related to differences in the tribal structures and in the political, economic and social changes that were taking place in their rural areas. By the early 1960s, the stage was set for open political competition between tribal groups.


1996 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 509-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iván Gyurcsik ◽  
James Satterwhite

The situation of Hungarians in Slovakia since 1989 has developed in the context of the political and economic transitions of the region: from post-totalitarian states towards pluralist democracies, and from centrally-planned economies toward market systems. In addition, the end of Czechoslovakia as a united entity on December 31 1992, has directly affected the Hungarian nationality. These political, economic and social changes have had a direct impact on their situation in Slovakia.


2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 628-645
Author(s):  
Hafizullah Emadi

Hindus and Sikhs, longtime minority religious communities in Afghanistan, have played a major role in the social, cultural, and economic development of the country. Their history in Afghanistan has not been faithfully documented nor relayed beyond the country's borders by their resident educated strata or religious leaders, rendering them virtually invisible and voiceless within and outside of their country borders. The situation of Hindu and Sikh women in Afghanistan is significantly more marginalized socially and politically. Gender equality and women's rights were central to the teachings of Guru Nanak, but gradually became irrelevant to the daily lives of his followers in Afghanistan. Hindu and Sikh women have sustained their hope for change and seized any opportunity presented to play a role in the process. Active participants in the social, cultural, and religious life of their respective communities as well as in Afghanistan's government, their contributions to social changes and the political process have gone mostly unnoticed and undocumented as their rights, equality, and standing in the domestic and public arena in Afghanistan continue to erode in the face of continuous discrimination and harassment.


Author(s):  
L.A. Bissembayeva ◽  

The article examines the problems of life of Kazakhs of Zhetysu in the second half of the 19th - early 20th centuries - changes in clothing, food, housing, utensils, furniture, adaptation of the population to a new life. Changing the way of life and way of life of the Kazakhs in Zhetysu in the second half of the 19th - early 20th centuries is one of the most important topics in national history. Because the political, economic and social changes that took place between 1867-1917, along with social relations, deeply penetrated the inner life of the population and began to radically change the way of life and customs, which for a long time were formed in accordance with the ancient way of life.


Fascism ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 56-74
Author(s):  
Ondřej Daniel

Abstract With its roots in the political, economic and social changes of 1989/1990, the Czech antifascist movement was initially characterized by its young supporters, who came mostly from subcultural and anarchist circles. When violent far-right skinheads increased their attacks in the country between 1990 and 1992, local antifascists were the main group to physically confront them. Three decades later, as a result of generational and tactical changes, Czech antifascists’ agenda is largely at odds with the class politics that drive important parts of the anarchist movement. At the same time, the antifascist movement retains some subcultural traits that have become depoliticized. Its strategy is now limited to monitoring far-right activists online and running cultural events. This study analyzes internal debates over the antifascist movement’s positions and reflects on their development over time.


Author(s):  
Elena Sochirca ◽  

This article analyzes the numerical evolution of the population of Chisinau municipality over the last three decades. There are highlighted several stages in the numerical evolution of the population of the municipality, determined by the political, economic and social changes that took place on the territory of the Republic of Moldova. In the last decade, the population of Chisinau municipality has increased, this being the main urban center and space attraction of the population, in which the main economic and intellectual potential of the republic is concentrated.


2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 114-125
Author(s):  
CATHERINE REPUSSARD

A desconstrução do pensamento colonial não é apanágio das vozes pós-coloniais contemporá¢neas que concentram suas análises sobre a questão da percepção da alteridade a partir de uma mirada saá­da das ”periferias” e dirigida ao ”centro”. No seu último filme Tabu, uma história dos mares do Sul (1931), Friedrich W. Murnau denuncia a destruição das culturas extra-européias, notadamente da cultura polinesiana, sob a influência de um intervencionismo polá­tico, económico e cultural europeu. Mas ele insiste, igualmente, sobre a propensão das ”culturas naturais” (Donna Haraway) engendrarem sua própria destruição. Toda a tentativa de emancipação, ilustrada pelo amor proibido que um jovem pescador de pérolas nutre por uma esplêndida jovem, transgride o interdito e leva a morte. Assim, o filme de Murnau, situado entre o documentário e a ficção expressionista, coloca em cena perfeitamente o rejeito da modernidade ocidental, questionando, ao mesmo tempo, a ideia de retorno á s origens. Este questionamento confere a Tabu uma força particular, especialmente no contexto polá­tico da Alemanha dos anos 30.Palavras-chave: Murnau. Cinema. Polinésia. Modernidade. Tradição.Myth and Colonies in the Weimar Republic  Friedrich Wilhelm Murnau”™s Tabu: A Story of the South Seas (1931)Abstract:  Contemporary postcolonial scholars, whose approaches focus on the perception of the Other using a counter-gaze from the ”˜peripheries”™ towards the ”˜centre”™, are not alone in having endeavoured to deconstruct colonial thought. In his last film  Tabu, eine Geschichte aus der Sá¼dsee  (1931), Friedrich Wilhelm Murnau denounced the destruction of non-European cultures (Polynesian in that case) under the influence of the political, economic and cultural European interventionism. He also highlighted the inclination of ”˜culturenatures”™ (Donna Haraway) to generate their own destruction. All attempts at emancipation, including the young pearl diver Matahi”™s forbidden love for the beautiful girl, come up against the immutable taboo dictated by the priest Hitu, who represents Tradition (and murders Matahi), and are doomed to end in death. Halfway between documentary and expressionistic fiction,  Tabu  is a brilliant depiction of the rejection of Western modernity and meditation on the idea of a return to the origins ”“ a particularly resonant work, especially given the political context of Germany in the 1930s.Keywords:  Murnau. Cinema. Polynesia. Modernity. Tradition.  Mythe et colonies dans l”™Allemagne de Weimar  Tabou, une histoire des mers du Sud de Friedrich Wilhelm Murnau (1931)Résumée  :  La déconstruction de la pensée coloniale n”™est pas l”™apanage des voix postcoloniales contemporaines qui concentrent leurs approches sur la question de la perception de l”™altérité á  partir d”™un contre-regard issu des ”˜périphéries”™ et dirigées vers ”˜un centre”™. Dans son dernier film  Tabu, eine Geschichte aus der Sá¼dsee  (1931), Friedrich Wilhelm Murnau dénonce la destruction des cultures extra-européennes, en l”™occurrence de la culture polynésienne, sous l”™influence d”™un interventionnisme politique, économique et culturel européen. Mais il insiste également sur la propension des «  culturenatures   » (Donna Haraway) á  générer leur propre destruction. Toute tentative d”™émancipation, illustrée par l”™amour interdit qu”™un jeune pêcheur de perles Matahi porte á  une splendide jeune fille, Réri, brise en effet l”™immuable tabou dicté par le prêtre Hitu, représentant de la Tradition (et assassin de Matahi) et ne peut que mener á  la mort. Ainsi, le film de Murnau, se situant entre documentaire et fiction expressionniste, met-il parfaitement en scá¨ne le rejet de la modernité occidentale tout en interrogeant l”™idée de retour aux origines. Ce questionnement confá¨re á   Tabu  une force particuliá¨re, notamment dans le contexte politique de l”™Allemagne des années 30.Mots clés: Murnau. Cinéma. Polynésie. Modernité. Tradition.


2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 79-86
Author(s):  
Shpëtim Elezi

Abstract This paper analyses the explanations of the lexical units of the political-economic field in three explanatory dictionaries of the Albanian language and investigates the ideological element that appears in these lexical units. These political and economic lexemes in the Albanian language dictionaries of 1954, 1980 and 2006 constitute the corpus and the object of this research. Since the first explanatory dictionary of Albanian (1954) to date, in this 70-year period, the Albanian society has experienced a boom of political and social changes. However, different political and economic ideas and tendencies revealed during this period have been marked by certain words reflected in these dictionaries through various meaningful explanations. Of course, in this regard, certain political and economic ideologies of this period have also exerted their own impact. Thus, the particular vocabulary of political and economic fields, drawn from these three dictionaries, has been subjected to the analysis of semantic features according to the semic analysis method. Variants of the meaningful explanations of the concepts marked from one dictionary to the other have been observed, identified and compared through this technique. Consequently, by identifying and comparing the common and distinctive elements that characterize certain words, the ideological background in their semantic structure, which has interfered in the explanation of the meanings of the lexical units of these two respective fields, has been investigated.


2005 ◽  
Vol 1 (1-2 (1)) ◽  
pp. 90-94
Author(s):  
Nvard Yernjakyan

The political, economic and social changes in Armenia have their direct impact on linguistic realities and studies in the field of linguistics. The article views the official and popular equivalents of the English words and word combinations in the language of public management as an influence of the global English which predominantly is the result of the manifold activities of international organizations.


2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel Marcus

In the final nine chapters of the Gospel of Mark, Jesus increasingly struggles with his disciples’ incomprehension of his unique concept of suffering messiahship and with the opposition of the religious leaders of his day. The Gospel recounts the events that led to Jesus’ arrest, trial, and crucifixion by the Roman authorities, concluding with an enigmatic ending in which Jesus’ resurrection is announced but not displayed. In this volume New Testament scholar Joel Marcus offers a new translation of Mark 8–16 as well as extensive commentary and notes. He situates the narrative within the context of first-century Palestine and the larger Greco-Roman world; within the political context of the Jewish revolt against the Romans (66–73 C.E.); and within the religious context of the early church’s sometimes rancorous engagement with Judaism, pagan religion, and its own internal problems. For religious scholars, pastors, and interested lay people alike, the book provides an accessible and enlightening window on the second of the canonical Gospels.


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