Preverbal skills in 8-month-old children with sex chromosome trisomies

2020 ◽  
pp. 014272372096294
Author(s):  
Laura Zampini ◽  
Tiziana Burla ◽  
Gaia Silibello ◽  
Elena Capelli ◽  
Francesca Dall’Ara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Chromosome ◽  
Word Comprehension ◽  
Lexical Development ◽  
Observation Session ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Predictive Role ◽  
Few Data ◽  
Vocal Productions

Individuals with sex chromosome trisomies (SCTs) have an increased risk of language delays and impairments. However, there are only a few data relative to their language development in early childhood. The present study aimed to investigate the preverbal skills shown by a group of 8-month-old children with SCTs to assess the presence of a possible early communicative delay. Moreover, the predictive role of early preverbal productions on later lexical development at 24 months was analysed. Twenty-six children with SCTs and 24 typically developing (TD) children participated in the study. Their use of vocal productions and gazes addressed to the communicative partner was assessed during a parent–child observation session held when the children were 8 months old. In addition, the children’s word comprehension at 8 months and their word production at 24 months were indirectly assessed by a parental report. Children’s word comprehension was similar in the two groups of children, whereas a significantly lower frequency per minute of gazes was found in children with SCTs than in TD children. A significantly lower proportion of children with SCTs showed the ability to produce babbling during the observation session, and significant differences were also found in the frequency of babbling utterances. No significant differences emerged among the subgroups of children with different types of SCTs. The predictive role of babbling on later lexical size was found in TD children but not in children with SCTs. This result could be probably explained by the small number of children in this group who could produce babbling utterances. The study leads to identify early signals of delay in the preverbal skills of children with SCTs. Early monitoring of their communicative development could help the clinicians in intervening with well-timed and targeted programmes.

scholarly journals Association of Occupational Distress and Low Sleep Quality with Syncope, Presyncope, and Falls in Workers

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (23) ◽  
pp. 12283
Author(s):  
Nicola Magnavita ◽  
Reparata Rosa Di Prinzio ◽  
Gabriele Arnesano ◽  
Anna Cerrina ◽  
Maddalena Gabriele ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Unknown Origin ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
Occupational Performance ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Few Data ◽  
Health Promotion Interventions

Syncope and presyncope episodes that occur during work could affect one’s safety and impair occupational performance. Few data are available regarding the prevalence of these events among workers. The possible role of sleep quality, mental stress, and metabolic disorders in promoting syncope, presyncope, and falls in workers is unknown. In the present study, 741 workers (male 35.4%; mean age 47 ± 11 years), employed at different companies, underwent clinical evaluation and blood tests, and completed questionnaires to assess sleep quality, occupational distress, and mental disorders. The occurrence of syncope, presyncope, and unexplained falls during working life was assessed via an ad hoc interview. The prevalence of syncope, presyncope, and falls of unknown origin was 13.9%, 27.0%, and 10.3%, respectively. The occurrence of syncope was associated with an increased risk of occupational distress (adjusted odds ratio aOR: 1.62, confidence intervals at 95%: 1.05–2.52), low sleep quality (aOR: 1.79 CI 95%: 1.16–2.77), and poor mental health (aOR: 2.43 CI 95%: 1.52–3.87). Presyncope was strongly associated with occupational distress (aOR: 1.77 CI 95%: 1.25–2.49), low sleep quality (aOR: 2.95 CI 95%: 2.08–4.18), and poor mental health (aOR: 2.61 CI 95%: 1.78–3.84), while no significant relationship was found between syncope or presyncope and metabolic syndrome. These results suggest that occupational health promotion interventions aimed at improving sleep quality, reducing stressors, and increasing worker resilience might reduce syncope and presyncope events in the working population.

Impact of Meeting Early Hearing Detection and Intervention Benchmarks on Spoken Language

2021 ◽  
pp. 105381512110252
Author(s):  
Brittany Grey ◽  
Elizabeth K. Deutchki ◽  
Emily A. Lund ◽  
Krystal L. Werfel
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Early Intervention ◽  
Spoken Language ◽  
Language Outcomes ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Predictive Role ◽  
Outcomes For Children ◽  
Children With Hearing Loss ◽  
Unique Predictor

This study compared preschool spoken language outcomes for children with hearing loss who met the Early Hearing Detection and Intervention (EHDI) guidelines to those who did not, as well as compared outcomes for those who met the current EHDI guidelines to those who met the earlier benchmarks. Finally, the predictive role of meeting each component of the guidelines was evaluated relative to language outcomes. Children who met the EHDI guidelines had higher language scores than those who did not; however, there was no difference between children who met the current guidelines and those who met the earlier benchmarks. Entering early intervention by 6 months of age was the only unique predictor of spoken language outcomes. The findings suggest that EHDI programs should target increasing the number of children with hearing loss who meet the current 1-3-6 benchmarks with a particular focus on enrollment in early intervention by 6 months.

scholarly journals The predictive role of early recurrences of atrial arrhythmias after pulmonary vein cryoballoon ablation. Is blanking period an outdated concept? Insights from 12-month continuous cardiac monitoring

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karapet V. Davtyan ◽  
Arpi H. Topchyan ◽  
Hakob A. Brutyan ◽  
Elena N. Kalemberg ◽  
Maria S. Kharlap ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Vein ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Cardiac Monitoring ◽  
Cryoballoon Ablation ◽  
Atrial Arrhythmias ◽  
Loop Recorder ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Predictive Role

Abstract Background Early recurrences of atrial arrhythmias (ERAA) after atrial fibrillation (AF) catheter ablation do not predict procedural failure. A well-demarcated homogeneous lesion delivered by cryoballoon is less arrhythmogenic, and the recommended three-months blanking period may not refer to cryoballoon ablation (CBA). Objective We aimed to evaluate the predictive role of ERAA after second-generation CBA using an implantable loop recorder. Methods This prospective observational study enrolled 100 patients (58 males, median age 58) with paroxysmal/persistent AF undergoing pulmonary vein (PV) CBA using second-generation cryoballoon with simultaneous ECG loop recorder implantation. The duration of follow-up was 12 months, with scheduled visits at 3, 6 and 12 months. Results 99 patients from 100 completed the 12-month follow-up period. ERAA occurred in 31.3 % of patients. 83.9 % of patients with ERAA also developed late recurrences. The 12-month freedom from AF in patients with ERAA was significantly lower than in those without ERAA (p < 0.0001). Non-paroxysmal AF and longer arrhythmia history were associated with increased risk of both early (HR 3.27; 95 % CI 1.32–8.08; p = 0.010 and HR 1.0147; 95 % CI 1.008–1.086; p = 0.015, respectively) and late recurrences (HR 3.89; 95 % CI 1.67–9.04; p = 0.002 and HR 1.0142; 95 % CI 1.007–1.078; p = 0.019, respectively) of AF. ERAA were another predictor for procedural failure (HR 15.2; 95 % CI (6.42–35.99; p = 0.019). Conclusions ERAA occurred in the third of the patients after PV second-generation CBA and are strongly associated with procedural failure. Longer duration of AF history and persistent AF are independent predictors of AF’s early and late recurrence.

scholarly journals The role of Helicobacter pylori in the process of 43 carcinogenesis by means of dysregulation of miRNA expression

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 43-47
Author(s):  
O. F Belaia ◽  
E. V Volchkova ◽  
O. A Paevskaya ◽  
S. N Zuevskaya ◽  
Yu. V Yudina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Intracellular Signaling ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Biological Significance ◽  
Cancer Of The Stomach ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
New Directions ◽  
Stomach Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Few Data

Duodenal ulcer is associated with Helicobacter pylori almost in 90-100% of cases. Severe disease of the stomach - adenocarcinoma - is caused by infection with Helicobacter pylori in 70-90% of cases. Persons infected with this bacterium were proven statistically to be in group of the increased risk of the development of gastric cancer. Helicobacter pylori expresses a spectrum of virulence factors which cause dysregulation of intracellular signaling pathways in a host cell, that reduces the resistance to neoplastic transformation. In the review there are presented data about identified to the present time deregulated miRNAs associated with H.pylori diseases, including cancer of the stomach, and a few data on their biological significance. The growing number of studies confirming the involvement of miRNAs in various stages of carcinogenesis - from gastritis to the formation of metastases - demonstrates the importance of the new directions of the research.

scholarly journals Predictive role of circulatory HMGB1 in postoperative acute exacerbation of interstitial lung disease in lung cancer patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kakuhiro Yamaguchi ◽  
Satoshi Nakao ◽  
Hiroshi Iwamoto ◽  
Atsushi Kagimoto ◽  
Yoshinori Handa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Interstitial Lung Disease ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Acute Exacerbation ◽  
High Mobility ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Lung Cancer Patients ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Predictive Role

AbstractPostoperative acute exacerbation of interstitial lung disease (AE-ILD) can be fatal in patients with lung cancer concomitant with ILD. We aimed to elucidate the predictive potential of high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), which is associated with the development and severity of lung injury, for evaluating the risk of this complication. We included 152 patients with lung cancer and ILD who underwent radical surgery between January 2011 and August 2019. We evaluated the preoperative levels of serum HMGB1 and its predictive potential for postoperative AE-ILD. Postoperative AE-ILD developed in 17 patients. Serum levels of HMGB1 were significantly higher in patients with postoperative AE-ILD than in those without (median [interquartile range]: 5.39 [3.29–11.70] ng/mL vs. 3.55 [2.07–5.62] ng/mL). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that higher HMGB1 levels were significantly associated with the development of postoperative AE-ILD in entire studied patients (n = 152). In the subgroup analysis, higher HMGB1 levels were associated with a significantly increased risk of this complication in patients who underwent lobectomy (n = 77) than in those who underwent sublobar resection (n = 75). Serum HMGB1 could be a promising marker for evaluating the risk of postoperative AE-ILD, specifically in patients who underwent lobectomy.

scholarly journals Association of Occupational Distress and Low Sleep Quality with Syncope, Presyncope and Falls in Workers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola Magnavita ◽  
Reparata Rosa Di Prinzio ◽  
Gabriele Arnesano ◽  
Anna Cerrina ◽  
Maddalena Gabriele ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Unknown Origin ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
Occupational Performance ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Few Data ◽  
Health Promotion Interventions

Syncope and presyncope occurring during work can affect safety and impair occupational performance. Few data are available regarding the prevalence of these events among workers. The possible role of sleep quality, mental stress and metabolic disorders in promoting syncope, presyncope and falls in workers is unknown. In the present study, 741 workers (male 35.4%; mean age 47&plusmn;11 years), employed in different companies, underwent clinical evaluation and blood tests and completed questionnaires to assess sleep quality, occupational distress and mental disorders. The occurrence of syncope, presyncope and unexplained falls during their working life was assessed by an ad hoc interview. The prevalence of syncope, presyncope and falls of unknown origin was 13.9%, 27.0%, and 10.3%, respectively. The occurrence of syncope was associated with an increased risk of occupational distress (adjusted Odds Ratio aOR: 1.62, Confidence Intervals at 95%: 1.05-2.52), low sleep quality (aOR: 1.79 CI 95%: 1.16-2.77) and poor mental health (aOR: 2.43 CI 95%: 1.52-3.87). Presyncope was strongly associated with occupational distress (aOR: 1.77 CI 95%: 1.25-2.49), low sleep quality (aOR: 2.95 CI 95%: 2.08-4.18) and poor mental health (aOR: 2.61 CI 95%: 1.78-3.84), while no significant relationship was found between syncope or presyncope and metabolic syndrome. These results suggest that occupational health promotion interventions aimed at improving sleep quality, reducing stressors and increasing worker resilience might reduce syncope and presyncope events in the working population.

scholarly journals Familiarity Plays a Small Role in Noun Comprehension at 12-18 months

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hallie Garrison ◽  
Gladys Baudet ◽  
Elise Breitfeld ◽  
Alexis Aberman ◽  
Elika Bergelson
Keyword(s):  
Word Comprehension ◽  
Lexical Development ◽  
Perceptual Features ◽  
Young Infants ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Intrinsic Component

Infants amass thousands of hours of experience with particular items, each of which is representative of a broader category that often shares perceptual features. Robust word comprehension requires generalizing known labels to new category members. While young infants have been found to look at common nouns when they are named aloud, the role of item familiarity has not been well-examined. This study compares 12-18-month-olds’ word comprehension in the context of pairs of their own items (e.g. photos of their own shoe and ball) versus new tokens from the same category (e.g. a new shoe and ball). Our results replicate previous work showing that noun comprehension improves rapidly over the second year, while also suggesting that item familiarity appears to play a far smaller role in comprehension in this age-range. This in turn suggests that even before age two, ready generalization beyond particular experiences is an intrinsic component of lexical development.

Cell-Derived Microparticles and Acute Coronary Syndromes: Is there a Predictive Role for Microparticles?

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (27) ◽  
pp. 4440-4468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Effimia Zacharia ◽  
Konstantinos Zacharias ◽  
George-Angelo Papamikroulis ◽  
Dimitrios Bertsias ◽  
Antigoni Miliou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Acute Coronary Syndromes ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Coagulation Cascade ◽  
Circulating Biomarkers ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Coronary Syndromes ◽  
Predictive Role

Background: Despite the recent advances in the treatment of Acute Coronary Syndromes (ACS), patients with ACS are still exposed to an increased risk for adverse cardiovascular events, while their prognosis is difficult to determine. Experimental and clinical studies have shown that cell-derived Microparticles (MPs) are associated with the underlying pathophysiological processes that are responsible for atherogenesis and may be causally implicated in the induction of atherothrombosis. Objective: In the present article, we aimed to review the available evidence regarding the predictive role of MPs in patients with ACS. Results: Evidence suggests that endothelial MPs are associated with future adverse cardiovascular events in patients with ACS. Platelet-derived MPs have been excessively studied, since they have been found to trigger the coagulation cascade; however, their role as predictors of future cardiovascular events remains debatable. The role of red blood cell-derived MPs is more intriguing; they have been proposed as markers of ongoing thrombosis in patients with ACS, while previous studies have shown that they have anti-coagulant properties in healthy individuals. Leukocyte-derived MPs may also have a predictive role, although the studies regarding these are still limited. Last but not least, it was an interesting discovery that circulating MPs can provide information regarding the angiographic lesions in patients with ACS. Conclusion: The concept of MPs as potential circulating biomarkers in patients with ACS holds much promise. However, large-scale clinical studies are required to evaluate whether the measurement of plasma MPs could be of clinical significance and, thus, dictate a more aggressive treatment strategy in patients with high levels of circulating MPs.

scholarly journals Familiarity Plays a Small Role in Noun Comprehension at 12-18 months

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hallie Garrison ◽  
Gladys Baudet ◽  
Elise Breitfeld ◽  
Alexis Aberman ◽  
Elika Bergelson
Keyword(s):  
Word Comprehension ◽  
Lexical Development ◽  
Perceptual Features ◽  
Young Infants ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Intrinsic Component

Infants amass thousands of hours of experience with particular items, each of which is representative of a broader category that often shares perceptual features. Robust word comprehension requires generalizing known labels to new category members. While young infants have been found to look at common nouns when they are named aloud, the role of item familiarity has not been well-examined. This study compares 12-18-month-olds’ word comprehension in the context of pairs of their own items (e.g. photos of their own shoe and ball) versus new tokens from the same category (e.g. a new shoe and ball). Our results replicate previous work showing that noun comprehension improves rapidly over the second year, while also suggesting that item familiarity appears to play a far smaller role in comprehension in this age-range. This in turn suggests that even before age two, ready generalization beyond particular experiences is an intrinsic component of lexical development.

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