Verbalism in Young Blind Children

1983 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ester Monti Civelli

This article discusses differences in language development between blind and sighted children and adolescents. The first part provides a review of the literature on the subject. The second part describes a study the author conducted at the Institute for the Blind in Milan, Italy. When 10 blind and 10 sighted 13- to 17-year-olds were asked to define 28 words representing objects, movements, animals, and facial expressions, the two groups performed equally well on the words for material objects. The blind group performed better than the sighted group on the other three categories of words.

Author(s):  
Maxim B. Demchenko ◽  

The sphere of the unknown, supernatural and miraculous is one of the most popular subjects for everyday discussions in Ayodhya – the last of the provinces of the Mughal Empire, which entered the British Raj in 1859, and in the distant past – the space of many legendary and mythological events. Mostly they concern encounters with inhabitants of the “other world” – spirits, ghosts, jinns as well as miraculous healings following magic rituals or meetings with the so-called saints of different religions (Hindu sadhus, Sufi dervishes),with incomprehensible and frightening natural phenomena. According to the author’s observations ideas of the unknown in Avadh are codified and structured in Avadh better than in other parts of India. Local people can clearly define if they witness a bhut or a jinn and whether the disease is caused by some witchcraft or other reasons. Perhaps that is due to the presence in the holy town of a persistent tradition of katha, the public presentation of plots from the Ramayana epic in both the narrative and poetic as well as performative forms. But are the events and phenomena in question a miracle for the Avadhvasis, residents of Ayodhya and its environs, or are they so commonplace that they do not surprise or fascinate? That exactly is the subject of the essay, written on the basis of materials collected by the author in Ayodhya during the period of 2010 – 2019. The author would like to express his appreciation to Mr. Alok Sharma (Faizabad) for his advice and cooperation.


2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (3-6) ◽  
pp. 113-138
Author(s):  
Audrey Masson ◽  
Guillaume Cazenave ◽  
Julien Trombini ◽  
Martine Batt

In recent years, due to its great economic and social potential, the recognition of facial expressions linked to emotions has become one of the most flourishing applications in the field of artificial intelligence, and has been the subject of many developments. However, despite significant progress, this field is still subject to many theoretical debates and technical challenges. It therefore seems important to make a general inventory of the different lines of research and to present a synthesis of recent results in this field. To this end, we have carried out a systematic review of the literature according to the guidelines of the PRISMA method. A search of 13 documentary databases identified a total of 220 references over the period 2014–2019. After a global presentation of the current systems and their performance, we grouped and analyzed the selected articles in the light of the main problems encountered in the field of automated facial expression recognition. The conclusion of this review highlights the strengths, limitations and main directions for future research in this field.


1982 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Lane

The subject upon which I have been invited to address you is a gloomy one. There is little pleasure to the speaker in recounting a catalogue of failures. The hope is that you may be able at the end to say “Thank goodness we have done better than the British”, or even, perhaps, “The British have made that mistake, we can avoid it”. In other words, a free and candid exchange of views never does any harm.Thirty-five years ago were stirring times for Israel. For us too, in Great Britain, in a more mundane way. Some of us were exchanging flying helmets for barristers wigs. There was new hope in the air. Social injustice would be a thing of the past. No one would go hungry. No one would go short of medical attention through lack of money, involuntary unemployment would no longer mean that a man's family would go short of food and the other necessities of life.


2006 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARINA FROLOVA-WALKER

The subject of this article is the failure of the Stalinist Soviet opera project. Although similar proposals had appeared years before, the project was inaugurated in 1936, and its realisation was placed in the hands of the State Committee for Artistic Affairs. The archival materials discussed in the article (including transcripts of the Committee's meetings) demonstrate that even publicly acclaimed productions were seen as failures by these senior bureaucrats. On the one hand, there were demands for realism and contemporary topics, and on the other, for monumentality and elevated musical language; these demands proved to be in deep conflict with each other. In addition to this crippling problem, it soon became apparent that any treatment of a contemporary topic was bound to become unacceptable before long, given the ever-shifting political landscape. While novels and films were certainly under close scrutiny, many operas were subjected to so many demands for revision that they never saw production at all. The article's central claim is that the 1939 Soviet reworking of Glinka's A Life for the Tsar as Ivan Susanin fulfilled the state's needs much better than any newly created Soviet opera could have, resulting in the effective curtailment of the project by 1946.


Author(s):  
Alan Felipe Provin ◽  
Audrey Pongan Borteze

O presente artigo objetiva a análise do direito à liberdade religiosa de crianças e adolescentes, tendo em vista que este é consagrado com um dos direitos fundamentais previstos na Constituição Federal de 1988. A pesquisa possui como problemática o questionamento acerca da possibilidade de atribuir o fundamento da liberdade de convicção religiosa às crianças e adolescentes, ainda que em conflito com o direito à vida, considerando a incapacidade civil dos menores. Ademais, analisa também os direitos constitucionais e princípios aplicados aos menores à luz da doutrina da proteção integral, bem como expõe o conflito entre direitos fundamentais e aborda as posições dos Tribunais quanto ao tema. Em termo de metodologia, utilizou-se a pesquisa qualitativa, indutiva e bibliográfica. Ao final dos estudos, concluiu-se que, em que pese o direito à vida e a liberdade religiosa serem direitos fundamentais, com hierarquia idêntica, há casos em que é permitida a relativização de um direito em prol do outro, devendo ser analisado cada caso em concreto.   Abstract: This article aims to analyze the right to religious freedom of children and adolescents, given that this is enshrined as one of the fundamental rights provided in the Federal Constitution of 1988. The research has as problematic the possibility of attributing the foundation of religious´ freedom to the children and adolescents, although in conflict with the right to life, considering the civil incapacity of the minors. In addition, it also analyzes the constitutional rights and principles applied to minors in the light of the doctrine of integral protection, as well as exposes the conflict between fundamental rights and addresses the positions of the Courts on the subject. In terms of methodology, we used the qualitative, inductive and bibliographic research. At the end of the studies, it was concluded that, in spite of the fact that the right to life and religious freedom are fundamental rights, with a similar hierarchy, there are cases where the relativization of one right is allowed for the other, and each case must be analyzed in particular.


Author(s):  
S. V. Velikanov

The article deals with the issues of the cause and effect link structure in the causality theory of criminalistics. It identifies similarity levels for causality as well as their hierarchy. Within the context of subject’s instrumental causality the link structure is represented by related events «the subject’s decision», «the subject’s action», «the use of the means», «the formation of the trace». Within the context of the subject causality without instruments the article discusses the links between the events «the subject’s decision» - «the subject’s actions» - «the formation of the trace». The context of object causality links the events «the object’s actions» and «the formation of the trace». The link «the subject’s decision» - «the subject’s actions» in subject causality is described as a mental phenomenon and with this regard the article provides arguments in favor of compatibility of the subject’s free will and determinism. The other links that are discussed in the article are of deterministic nature, as they take place while interacting with material objects and are governed by natural laws. The article determines the areas and branches of criminalistics where these contexts of cause and effect links are the most common.


PEDIATRICS ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 1064-1065
Author(s):  
Alexander S. Nadas

This second multi-authored text on heart disease of children to appear in 1968 certainly is as good as the other (vide infra) , and better than most books on the subject. Dr. Watson's experiment is a very interesting one. He brought together 39 authors, 14 Europeans and 25 Americans, to write individual monographs, in their particular fields of interest, on the problems of heart disease in the young. Although each of the authors and their co-authors write with an individual flavor, Dr. Watson manages very well to give the book homogeneity and consistency.


1960 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Lambert

The idea that men are Better than women at mathematics has been widespread. Many writers on education have taken it for granted; a few have tried to prove it. Unfortunately, the general acceptance of this assumption distorts the test results; achievement rather than innate ability is measured. A comparison of the scores of men and women on various kinds of arithmetic tests is not conclusive, since ability to do arithmetic is partly the result of past and present interest in the subject. Even at an early age, boys are expected to be interested in mathematics. Girls, on the other hand, though they may have equal ability, may be discouraged from learning by the prevailing idea that mathematics is a masculine field.


1981 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luther D. Glenn ◽  
Karl D. Nolph

A patient with acute pancreatitis was treated with peritoneal dialysis and had rapid improvement. At frequent intervals during the dialysis, samples of the patient's blood, urine, and peritoneal fluid were assayed for amylase and lipase. Calculated renal and peritoneal dialysis clearances of these enzymes showed that amylase clearance by the kidney was better than that by peritoneal dialysis; lipase, on the other hand, was more efficiently removed by peritoneal dialysis than by the kidney. A review of the literature on the use of peritoneal dialysis in the treatment of acute pancreatitis is followed by an hypothesis concerning why peritoneal dialysis is so effective in reversing the course of acute pancreatitis.


1993 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 923-936 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J. Nathan

Anyone Who Works in the Field of Area Studies knows from experience that cultures are different. Indeed, the effort to understand the distinctiveness of cultures in comparative perspective is a central undertaking of the modern humanities and social sciences, not only in Asian studies but in studies of other parts of the world. But works on the subject seldom discuss the conceptual and methodological issues involved. What do we mean by culture in the context of comparative statements? How can a culture's distinctiveness be conceptualized? What is required to demonstrate that such distinctiveness exists, what it consists of, and what influence it has on the performance of societies? In the case of Chinese studies, how far have we come in establishing that Chinese culture is distinctive, in what ways, and with what consequences?It is helpful to discuss these issues in terms of two bodies of literature with different ways of conceptualizing culture and its distinctiveness, although I intend to blur the distinction at the end. Following Ying-shih Yü, I will label the two approaches hermeneutic and positivistic. I do not argue that one of the approaches is better than the other; each achieves goals that the other does not. The real problem is lack of clarity about the different logical statuses of the kinds of findings that typically emerge from the two approaches. This can lead to problems when insights are transposed from the hermeneutic approach into positivistic language or vice versa.


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