scholarly journals Results of Endonasal Dacryocystorhinostomy in Pediatric Patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 96 (6) ◽  
pp. E41-E45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sat Paul Gulati ◽  
Raman Wadhera ◽  
Ashok Kumar Khurana ◽  
Nidhi Singh ◽  
Vijay Kalra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Symptomatic Relief ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Nasolacrimal Duct ◽  
Interventional Study ◽  
Endoscopic Endonasal ◽  
Conventional Medical Treatment ◽  
Study Population

We conducted a prospective interventional study to evaluate the role of endoscopic endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy in children. Our study population was made up of 20 patients—18 boys and 2 girls, aged 2 to 12 years (mean: 5.3)—who presented with signs and symptoms suggestive of nasolacrimal duct blockage that was refractory to conventional medical treatment. In all cases, blockage was confirmed by nasolacrimal duct syringing that demonstrated regurgitation from the opposite punctum. The primary outcome measures for success were resolution of symptoms and duct patency on lacrimal irrigation. At 6 months, 17 patients (85%) experienced complete symptomatic relief, 1 (5%) had partial relief, and 2 (10%) reported no relief. Moreover, the nasolacrimal duct was patent in 17 patients, partially patent in 2, and blocked in 1. We conclude that endoscopic endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy is a safe and effective procedure in children with nasolacrimal duct blockage when medical therapy and probing have been unsuccessful.

scholarly journals CLINICAL PHARMACIST-LED PROGRAM ON MEDICATION RECONCILIATION AND PATIENT COUNSELING IN THE DEPARTMENT OF GASTROENTEROLOGY

2019 ◽  
pp. 6-10
Author(s):  
U. KRUTHIKA ◽  
M. SUDHASREE ◽  
J. MOUNIKA ◽  
N. TANDAVA KRISHNA ◽  
M. DIVYA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Patient Safety ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Clinical Pharmacist ◽  
Medication Reconciliation ◽  
Patient Counseling ◽  
Interventional Study ◽  
Total Prevalence ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Male Patients

Objective: To study the effects of medication reconciliation and patient counseling on the overall health benefits of the patients in the department of gastroenterology. Methods: This study is a prospective interventional study, was conducted in a 500 bedded MNR Hospital. The sample size taken was 150 patients and the study population comprised of patients aged 18-80 y, admitted in the hospital during the study period of six months. Results: Out of 150 patients, there were 98 (65.33%) male patients and 52 (34.67%) female patients. Patients between 18 and 30 y of age were 29(19.33%), between the age of 30 and 50 y were 71 (47.33%) and above 50 were 50(33.33%). Pancreatitis was most prevalent with 21% of total prevalence, followed by CLD and cholelithiasis with 17%, then IBD 16%, PUD and Gastritis 5%, GERD 4% and other diseases 15%. Conclusion: The basic role of the pharmacist, is to help in minimizing the errors and to perform medication reconciliation. In patient counseling, pharmacists provide information about the disease, and the medications to increase patient safety and the changes in the behavior for the better outcome.

scholarly journals Original Article. Sensitization to Aeroallergens in Pediatric Patients with Allergic Rhinitis and Asthma

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-144
Author(s):  
Nikolay K. Balgaranov ◽  
Lachezar S. Nikolov ◽  
Nadia I. Kolarova-Yaneva ◽  
Vania N. Nedkova ◽  
Kristina Ts. Tabakova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Indoor Allergens ◽  
Children With Asthma ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Skin Prick Tests ◽  
Allergen Extracts

Summary Asthma and allergic rhinitis are common in childhood. Establishing sensitization to aeroallergens is crucial to effectively prevent exacerbation of these respiratory allergic diseases. The study aimed to evaluate sensitization to the most common aeroallergens in children with asthma and allergic rhinitis.We establishedacorrelation between patients sensitized to indoor, outdoor and simultaneously to both allergens. The study population consisted of 276 patients (168 boys and 108 girls) ages 4 to 16 years with asthma (A) and allergic rhinitis (AR). Skin prick tests were performed with 21 commercial allergen extracts: pollens, mites, epithelia and insects, and molds. We found that 217 patients were sensitized to at least one aeroallergen: 117 patients hadapositive result to mites, 92 to pollens, 72 to epithelia and insects, and 63 - to mold allergens. Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus was the most prevalent aeroallergen. Sensitized only to indoor allergens were 104 patients, 60 - only to outdoor allergens, and 53 were sensitized to both. Mites were the most frequent aeroallergens in children with Aand AR. Lately there has been foundasignificant increase in rates of sensitization to mold allergens, especially to Alternaria alternata. Our study has confirmed the dominant role of indoor allergens in children with respiratory allergic diseases.

scholarly journals Awareness on Nut Allergies Among School Students

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL3) ◽  
pp. 1023-1026
Author(s):  
Trisha ◽  
Dhanraj Ganapathy ◽  
Keerthi Sasanka
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
The Body ◽  
Severe Allergic Reaction ◽  
Food Protein ◽  
School Students ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

The role of the immune system is to protect the body from germs and diseases. A food allergy is the overreaction by the immune system to a food protein. People are allergic to many kinds of food, majorly nuts. Anaphylaxis is a severe allergic reaction that comes on quickly and could even cause death in certain cases. The aim of this study was to assess awareness on nut allergies and to study the already existing knowledge on the topic among school students. Self administered questionnaire was created based on the awareness of the presence of nut allergy, their signs and symptoms. The questionnaire was distributed by person as fill out sheets at a nearby school. The study population included 200 school students belonging to the age group of 8 to 16 and years. The questions were carefully studied and corresponding answers were marked by the participants. The data was collected and statistically analysed. According to the survey results, about 81% of the total school population were aware about the presence of nut allergy. About 85% voted prevention is better to manage nut allergy.70.8% were aware of signs and symptoms of nut allergy .63% said their family members or friends have some kind of allergy to various nuts. Most of the school students had the knowledge and were aware about the presence of nut allergies, but more awareness has to be spread as the allergies could turn out to be very serious or even fatal and can only be controlled only through prevention.

Dexamethasone Use in the Treatment of Pediatric Deep Neck Space Infections

2019 ◽  
Vol 129 (4) ◽  
pp. 376-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
James B. Tansey ◽  
John Hamblin ◽  
Madhu Mamidala ◽  
Jerome Thompson ◽  
Jennifer Mclevy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chart Review ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
P Value ◽  
Surgical Drainage ◽  
Dexamethasone Group ◽  
Deep Neck Space Infections

Objectives: Assess the outcome of Intravenous (IV) dexamethasone in the treatment of pediatric deep neck space infections (DNSI) in combination with IV antibiotics. Methods: Retrospective chart review of pediatric patients admitted for a DNSI from March 2014 to June 2016. Patient characteristics including demographics, abscess type, antibiotic, dexamethasone, surgery, culture, and length of stay (LOS) were obtained. Patients treated with antibiotics alone versus antibiotics and dexamethasone were compared. Primary outcome measures were rate of surgical drainage and LOS. Results: Overall 153 patients with DNSI were identified, including 62 lateral neck, 18 parapharyngeal, 40 peritonsillar, 32 retropharyngeal, and 1 submandibular. All patients received antibiotics. Dexamethasone was used in 35% of patients. The rate of surgical drainage in the dexamethasone and non-dexamethasone group was 36% and 53% respectively ( P = .043). LOS was shorter for the dexamethasone group (2.9 days) compared to the non-dexamethasone group (3.8 days) but was non-significant, P-value-.09. The most common microorganisms cultured were MRSA (25), MSSA (11), and Streptococcus pyogenes (10). Conclusion: Dexamethasone use was associated with a decreased rate of surgical drainage in pediatric patients with DNSI. Further prospective study is needed to determine the role of dexamethasone in treatment.

scholarly journals BRONCHIOLITIS;

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (01) ◽  
pp. 089-094
Author(s):  
SHAKIL AHMAD ◽  
SADIDA AAMIR ◽  
KHURRAM NAWAZ
Keyword(s):  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Symptomatic Relief ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Outpatient Department ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Interventional Study ◽  
Primary Outcome Variable ◽  
Normal Feeding ◽  
Independent University

Objectives: To determine the efficacy of oral salbutamol administration for symptomatic relief in children less than twoyears of age with acute mild bronchiolitis. Study Design: Interventional study. Place and duration of study: Outpatient department ofDepartment of Pediatrics, independent university hospital, Faisalabad, Pakistan, from October 2010 to March 2011. Methodology: 160children less than two years of age diagnosed clinically as acute mild bronchiolitis with comparable baseline parameters (age, weight,duration of present illness) were included in the study. They were randomly placed in two groups, Salbutamol Group (SG) (n=80)Placebo Group (PG) (n=80) and were followed daily for first 3 days, then on day 5 and day 7 in outpatient department. Oral salbutamolwas administered (0.1 mg/kg/dose) three times daily for 7 days or till complete resolution of illness, whichever came earlier. Time forresolution of illness (ROI) was primary outcome variable whereas time for resolution of cough, coryza, breathlessness, wheeze,achievement of normal feeding and sleep patterns and salbutamol adverse effects were secondary outcome variables. Results: Meanduration of resolution of illness (ROI) was similar in both groups. (6.1±0.75) days in the salbutamol group and (6.0±0.80) days inplacebo group (p=0.53). There was no significant resolution time difference of secondary outcome variables between the two studygroups. Cough (SG 4.1"0.70, PG 4.1"0.68, P=0.68) Coryza (SG 4.3"0.59, PG 4.2"0.62, P=0.14) Wheeze and Breathlessness (SG3.8"0.60, PG 3.8"0.63, p=0.24) Sleep (SG 4.5"0.40, PG 4.4"0.55, p=0.19) Feeding (SG 4.3"0.59, PG 4.2"0.62, P= 0.14). Salbutamoladverse effects (tremors, irritability) were observed in 13 (16.25%) children in salbutamol group. Conclusions: Oral salbutamoladministration is not superior to placebo in providing symptomatic relief in children with acute mild bronchiolitis.

ACE2/Angiotensin-(1-7)/Mas Receptor Axis in Human Cancer: Potential Role for Pediatric Tumors

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 892-901 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Luiza Ataide Carneiro de Paula Gonzaga ◽  
Vitória Andrade Palmeira ◽  
Thomas Felipe Silva Ribeiro ◽  
Larissa Braga Costa ◽  
Karla Emília de Sá Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Pediatric Cancer ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Human Cancer ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
At1 Receptor ◽  
Pediatric Tumors ◽  
Mas Receptor

Background: Pediatric tumors remain the highest cause of death in developed countries. Research on novel therapeutic strategies with lesser side effects is of utmost importance. In this scenario, the role of Renin-Angiotensin System (RAS) axes, the classical one formed by angiotensinconverting enzyme (ACE), Angiotensin II and AT1 receptor and the alternative axis composed by ACE2, Angiotensin-(1-7) and Mas receptor, have been investigated in cancer. Objective: This review aimed to summarize the pathophysiological role of RAS in cancer, evidence for anti-tumor effects of ACE2/Angiotensin-(1-7)/Mas receptor axis and future therapeutic perspectives for pediatric cancer. Methods: Pubmed, Scopus and Scielo were searched in regard to RAS molecules in human cancer and pediatric patients. The search terms were “RAS”, “ACE”, “Angiotensin-(1-7)”, “ACE2”, “Angiotensin II”, “AT1 receptor”, “Mas receptor”, “Pediatric”, “Cancer”. Results: Experimental studies have shown that Angiotensin-(1-7) inhibits the growth of tumor cells and reduces local inflammation and angiogenesis in several types of cancer. Clinical trials with Angiotensin-( 1-7) or TXA127, a pharmaceutical grade formulation of the naturally occurring peptide, have reported promising findings, but not enough to recommend medical use in human cancer. In regard to pediatric cancer, only three articles that marginally investigated RAS components were found and none of them evaluated molecules of the alternative RAS axis. Conclusion: Despite the potential applicability of Angiotensin-(1-7) in pediatric tumors, the role of this molecule was never tested. Further clinical trials are necessary, also including pediatric patients, to confirm safety and efficiency and to define therapeutic targets.

Rhinosinusitis in the Pediatric Patient with Cystic Fibrosis

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 198-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Fundakowski ◽  
Rosemary Ojo ◽  
Ramzi Younis
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Autosomal Recessive ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Chronic Sinusitis ◽  
Genetic Disorder ◽  
Symptomatic Relief ◽  
Recurrence Rates ◽  
Polyp Recurrence ◽  
Sinonasal Polyposis

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a common autosomal recessive genetic disorder where a deletion mutation and subsequent downstream alteration in transmembrane regulator proteins results in increased mucus viscosity. CF manifests clinically with chronic multisystem inflammation and recurrent infections. Nearly all children with CF have chronic sinusitis, and a large majority will have concurrent sinonasal polyposis. Chronic sinusitis and sinonasal polyposis in pediatric patients with CF can be managed conservatively initially, though most will fail medical management and require surgical intervention. Unfortunately, symptom resolution is marginal and polyp recurrence rates are high. Currently, no cure exists for CF and the mainstay of treatment is to provide symptomatic relief, and minimize disease morbidity.

Seroprevalence of leptospirosis in Chennai city, India.

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (03) ◽  
pp. 4897 ◽  
Author(s):  
Padma Kumari J.* ◽  
Sheila Doris T. ◽  
Usha Krishnan K.
Keyword(s):  
Control Strategies ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Laboratory Diagnosis ◽  
Community Change ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
Agglutination Test ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
Potential Reservoir ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Chennai City

Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease, it occurs worldwide but is most common in tropical and subtropical countries. The magnitude of the problem varies from community to community. The serovars which cause the disease in a community change with adaptation to a new maintenance host and is epidemiologically important. Aims and Objectives: To determine the seroprevalence of leptospirosis in Chennai city. To identify the prevalent serovar in Chennai causing leptospirosis by using gold standard test Microscopic Agglutination Test (MAT). Methods: 1209 patients from Chennai, with fever of one-week duration and with signs and symptoms of Leptospirosis were the study population and were screened for Leptospirosis by Macroscopic Slide Agglutination Test (MSAT). The positive samples by MSAT were tested for the prevalent serovar and for confirmation by MAT and the results were analyzed statistically. Result: The seroprevalence of Leptospirosis is 17.8%. The prevalent serovar circulating in Chennai is L. grippotyphosa. Conclusion: Laboratory diagnosis is essential to confirm the current illness, and for epidemiological and public health reasons, namely to determine which serovar caused the infection, the likely source of infection and the potential reservoir and its location. This helps in control strategies.

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