Affecting Behavior Change in Individuals With Diabetes Findings From the Study to Help Improve Early Evaluation and Management of Risk Factors Leading to Diabetes (SHIELD)

2008 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 1025-1036 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debbra D. Bazata ◽  
Jennifer G. Robinson ◽  
Kathleen M. Fox ◽  
Susan Grandy ◽  
SHIELD Study Group
Keyword(s):  
Behavior Change ◽  
Health Knowledge ◽  
High Body Mass Index ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Health Educators ◽  
Future Health ◽  
Health Educator ◽  
Early Evaluation ◽  
Healthy Behaviors

Purpose This study evaluated whether health knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of individuals with type 1 (T1DM) or type 2 (T2DM) diabetes mellitus and those at high or low risk of T2DM were reflected in healthy behaviors and whether these attributes differed for T2DM respondents who did or did not see a health educator. Methods SHIELD, a U.S. population-based study, included respondents (‡18 years of age) with T1DM (n = 366), T2DM (n = 3897), high risk (HR, n = 5449) defined as ‡3 of the following: abdominal obesity, high body mass index, dyslipidemia, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and low risk (LR, n = 5725) defined as £2 factors. Results T2DM respondents were more likely to receive health care professional recommendations to change their lifestyle habits (56%-62%) during their average 11 visits annually than the other groups (P < .0001). More T2DM and HR respondents tried losing weight, but fewer exercised regularly than T1DM and LR (P < .0001). T2DM respondents who saw a dietitian or health educator reported better current health and expectations for better future health, tried to make healthy food choices, and followed a prescribed eating plan than those who did not see these providers (P < .01). However, £30% of these T2DM respondents exercised regularly, or maintained desired weight. Conclusions SHIELD findings show that respondents know and understand that improving their diet or exercise will affect their health, but the majority of respondents have not translated it into a behavior. Interaction with health educators and patient-empowering support may improve the transition to behavior change.

Public Awareness of Low-Risk Alcohol Use Guidelines

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 905-913
Author(s):  
Kelcy McNally ◽  
Laura Lee Noonan ◽  
Marguerite Cameron ◽  
Karen Phillips ◽  
Shamara Baidoobonso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Behavior Change ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Heavy Drinking ◽  
Public Health Education ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Specific Knowledge ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Education Campaign ◽  
And Behavior

Objective. To evaluate the effectiveness of a population-based, public education campaign designed to increase awareness of the Canadian Low-Risk Alcohol Drinking Guidelines (LRDG). Method. A province-wide mass media campaign was introduced. To measure campaign effectiveness, we completed a cross-sectional study using pre- and postcampaign surveys. Measurements included awareness of the LRDG, specific knowledge of the LRDG, and beliefs toward drinking and behavior change. Results. Postsurvey respondents were more likely to be aware of the LRDG (19.2% vs. 25.8%). However, increased awareness was largely driven by females being significantly more aware of the guidelines after the campaign (odds ratio = 1.74; 95% confidence interval = [1.38, 2.19]). Men were not found to be more aware postcampaign. The results did not show a significant increase in specific knowledge of the LRDG or change in beliefs toward drinking and behavior change after the campaign. Independent of the survey cycle, males and those aged 19 to 25 years were less likely to be aware of the LRDG, select the correct drink limit or less, and believe that consuming alcohol in excess has short- and long-term health consequences when compared to females and those aged 56 to 70 years. Conclusions. A provincial public health education campaign was effective at increasing awareness of the LRDG, though uptake was lowest among those at highest risk for heavy drinking.

scholarly journals Malaysian Health Literacy: Scorecard Performance from a National Survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 5813
Author(s):  
Norrafizah Jaafar ◽  
Komathi Perialathan ◽  
Manimaran Krishnan ◽  
Nurashma Juatan ◽  
Masitah Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Literacy ◽  
Nationwide Survey ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Future Health ◽  
Limited Health Literacy ◽  
Health Literacy Level ◽  
Prevention And Health Promotion ◽  
Literacy Level ◽  
Limited Health

Health literacy is an indicator of a society’s ability to make better health judgements for themselves and the people around them. This study investigated the prevalence of health literacy among Malaysian adults and provided an overall picture of the society’s current health literacy status, which has not been previously assessed. The study also highlighted socio-demographic markers of communities with limited health literacy that may warrant future intervention. A population-based self-administered survey using the Health Literacy Survey Malaysian Questionnaire18 (HLS-M-Q18) instrument was conducted as part of the National Health Morbidity Survey 2019 in Malaysia. The nationwide survey utilized a two-staged stratified random sampling method. A sample of 9478 individuals aged 18 and above, drawn from the living quarter list, participated in the study. The health literacy score was divided into three levels; limited, sufficient, and excellent. Findings showed a majority of the Malaysian population had a sufficient health literacy level in all three domains—healthcare, diseases prevention and health promotion (49.1%, 44.2%, and 47.5%, respectively)—albeit leaning towards the lower end of the category with an average score of 35.5. The limited health literacy groups were prevalent among respondents with older age (68%), lower education level (64.8%), and lower household income (49.5%). The overall health literacy status for Malaysia was categorized at a lower sufficiency level. Future health literacy improvements should focus on communities with a limited health literacy level to improve the overall score.

scholarly journals Very similar cardiometabolic profile in the moderate and high cardiovascular risk classes: a population-based study

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Chlabicz ◽  
J Jamolkowski ◽  
W Laguna ◽  
P Sowa ◽  
M Paniczko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Public Institution ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cardiometabolic Profile

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: Public Institution(s). Main funding source(s): Medical University of Bialystok, Poland Background Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major, worldwide problem and remain the dominant cause of premature mortality in the word. Simultaneously the metabolic syndrome is a growing problem. The aim of this study was to investigate the cardiometabolic profile among cardiovascular risk classes, and to estimate CV risk using various calculators. Methods The longitudinal, population-based study, was conducted in 2017-2020. A total of 931 individuals aged 20-79 were included. Anthropometric and biochemical profiles were measured according to a standardized protocols. The study population was divided into CV risk classes according to the latest recommendation. Comparisons variables between subgroups were conducted using Dwass-Steele-Critchlow-Fligner test. To estimate CV risk were used: the  Systematic Coronary Risk Estimation system, Framingham Risk Score and LIFEtime-perspective model for individualizing CardioVascular Disease prevention strategies in apparently healthy people (LIFE-CVD). Results The mean age was 49.1± 15.5 years, 43.2% were male. Percentages of low-risk, moderate-risk, high-risk and very-high CV risk were 46.1%, 22.8%, 13.5%, 17.6%, respectively. Most of the analyzed anthropometric, body composition and laboratory parameters did not differ between the moderate and high CV risk participants, whereas the low risk group differed significantly. In the moderate and high-risk groups, abdominal distribution of adipose tissue dominated with significantly elevated parameters of insulin resistance. Interestingly, estimating lifetime risk of myocardial infarction, stroke or CV death using LIFE-CVD calculator yielded similar results in moderate and high CV risk classes. Conclusion The participants belonging to moderate and high CV risk classes have a very similar unfavorable cardiometabolic profile which may result in the similar lifetime CV risk. This may imply the need for more aggressive pharmacological and non-pharmacological management of CV risk factors in the moderate CV risk population. It would be advisable to consider combining the moderate and high risk classes into one high CV risk class, or it may be worth adding one of the parameters of abdominal fat distribution to the CV risk calculators as an expression of increased insulin resistance. Abstract Figure 1.

scholarly journals Association between Adherence with Recommended Antenatal Care in Low-Risk, Uncomplicated Pregnancy, and Maternal and Neonatal Adverse Outcomes: Evidence from Italy

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 173
Author(s):  
Giovanni Corrao ◽  
Anna Cantarutti ◽  
Anna Locatelli ◽  
Gloria Porcu ◽  
Luca Merlino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Neonatal Outcomes ◽  
Lombardy Region ◽  
Uncomplicated Pregnancy ◽  
Maternal And Neonatal Outcomes ◽  
Estimate Prevalence

Antenatal care (ANC) aims of monitoring wellbeing of mother and foetus during pregnancy. We validate a set of indicators aimed of measuring the quality of ANC of women on low-risk, uncomplicated pregnancy through their relationship with maternal and neonatal outcomes. We conducted a population-based cohort study including 122,563 deliveries that occurred between 2015 and 2017 in the Lombardy Region, Italy. Promptness and appropriateness of number and timing of gynaecological visits, ultrasounds and laboratory tests were evaluated. We assessed several maternal and neonatal outcomes. Log-binomial regression models were used to estimate prevalence ratio (PR), and corresponding 95% confidence interval (95% CI), for the exposure→outcome association. Compared with women who adhered with recommendations, those who were no adherent had a significant higher prevalence of maternal intensive care units admission (PR: 3.1, 95%CI: 1.2–7.9; and 2.7, 1.1–7.0 respectively for promptness of gynaecological visits, and appropriateness of ultrasound examinations), low Apgar score (1.6, 1.1–1.2; 1.9, 1.3–2.7; and 2.1, 1.5–2.8 respectively for appropriateness and promptness of gynaecological visits, and appropriateness of ultrasound examinations), and low birth weight (1.8, 1.5–2.3 for appropriateness of laboratory test examinations). Benefits for mothers and newborn are expected from improving adherence to guidelines-driven recommendations regarding antenatal care even for low-risk, uncomplicated pregnancies.

scholarly journals Distribution of high and low risk HPV types by cytological status: a population based study from Italy

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Giorgi Rossi ◽  
Francesco Chini ◽  
Simonetta Bisanzi ◽  
Elena Burroni ◽  
Giuseppe Carillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Based ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Hpv Types

Population-based 10-year oncologic outcomes after low-dose-rate brachytherapy for low-risk and intermediate-risk prostate cancer

Cancer ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 119 (8) ◽  
pp. 1537-1546 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. James Morris ◽  
Mira Keyes ◽  
Ingrid Spadinger ◽  
Winkle Kwan ◽  
Mitchell Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Dose Rate ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Oncologic Outcomes ◽  
Intermediate Risk ◽  
Low Dose Rate ◽  
Risk Prostate Cancer ◽  
Low Dose Rate Brachytherapy

scholarly journals Applying decision tree for detection of a low risk population for type 2 diabetes: A population based study

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 132-132
Author(s):  
Habibollah Esmaeily ◽  
Maryam Tayefi ◽  
Hassan Doosti ◽  
Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan ◽  
Ali Reza Amirabadizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Decision Tree ◽  
Prediction Model ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Tree Model ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Study Program

Introduction: The aim of current study was to create a prediction model using data mining approach, decision tree technique, to identify low risk individuals for incidence of Type 2 diabetes (T2DM), using the Mashhad Stroke and Heart Atherosclerotic Disorders (MASHAD) Study program. Methods: a prediction model was developed using classification by the decision tree method on 9528 subjects recruited from MASHAD database. Moreover, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was applied. Results: The prevalence rate of T2DM was ~14% in our population. For decision tree model, the accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity value for identifying the related factors with T2DM were 78.7%, 47.8% and 83%, respectively. In addition, the area under the ROC curve (AUC) value for recognizing the risk factors associated with T2DM was 0.64. Moreover, we found that subjects with family history of T2DM, age>=48, SBP>=130, DBP>=81, HDL>=29, LDL>=148 and occupation=other have more than 59% chance of this disorder, while the chance of T2DM in subjects without history with TG>=184, age>=48 and hs-CRP>=2.2, have approximately 51% chance. Conclusion: Our findings demonstrated that decision tree analysis, using routine demographic, clinical, anthropometric and biochemical measurements, which combined with other risk score models, could create a simple strategy to predict individuals at low risk for type 2 diabetes in order to decrease substantially the number of subjects needing for screening and recognition of subject at high risk.

scholarly journals Triggers and Their Influence on Health Behaviors

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine S. Gipson
Keyword(s):  
Health Behavior ◽  
Behavior Change ◽  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Health Behavior Change ◽  
Concept Analysis ◽  
Healthy Behaviors ◽  
Conceptual Definition ◽  
Optimal Health ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Significant Health

This article provides a conceptual definition of the concept trigger within the context of health behaviors and applies it to the highly significant health issue of obesity. Healthy behaviors are essential to life and happiness, but they do not just happen. They are triggered, and an inner drive keeps them alive. To help patients gain and retain optimal health, nurses must understand the triggers of healthy behaviors. Walker and Avant’s (2011) method of concept analysis is used as the basis for defining the concept of trigger. The antecedents, defining attributes, and consequences of trigger are identified. Findings suggest that nurses can play a role in triggering health behavior change through simple motivational efforts.

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