Are You a Good Friend? Assessing Social Relationship Competence Using Situational Judgments

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 913-926 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle R. Persich ◽  
Sukumarakurup Krishnakumar ◽  
Michael D. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationship ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Good Friend ◽  
Peer Ratings ◽  
Personality Psychology ◽  
Total N ◽  
The Social ◽  
Relationship Success ◽  
Relationship Competence ◽  
Ability Measure

Individual differences in social relationship competence (SRC) should have significant implications for social relationship success and well-being. Ability-based measures of SRC are scarce, though, particularly in social-personality psychology, and these considerations led to the present research. In specific terms, a situation judgment method was used to create and examine the correlates of a scenario-based assessment of SRC termed the Social Relationship Competence–Ability Measure (SRC-AM). Four studies (total N = 994) were conducted. Study 1 used item-total correlations and factor analyses to select scenarios from a larger pool. Studies 2 and 3 then showed that the SRC-AM predicted outcomes consistent with social relationship success (Study 2) as well as psychological well-being (Study 3). Study 4, finally, linked SRC levels to peer ratings of social competence and popularity. The research highlights a class of social inferences and abilities that possess novel implications for social relationship success.

scholarly journals Women Face to Fear and Safety Devices During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Italy: Impact of Physical Distancing on Individual Responsibility, Intimate, and Social Relationship

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosa Parisi ◽  
Francesca Lagomarsino ◽  
Nadia Rania ◽  
Ilaria Coppola
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationship ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Individual Responsibility ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Safe Place ◽  
Social Closeness ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
Contextual Framework ◽  
The Government

The COVID-19 pandemic of 2020 in Italy had its first epidemic manifestations on January 31, 2020. The socio-sanitary rules imposed by the government concerned the social distance and management of intimate relationships, the sense of individual responsibility toward public health. Physical distancing and housing isolation have produced new representations of intrafamily, generational, neighborhood, community responsibility, bringing out a new “medicalized dimension” of society. In light of this contextual framework, the research aims are to analyze how: the perception of individual responsibility for public and familial health and physical distancing has redrawn the relation between subjects-family-community; the State's technical-health intervention has reformulated the idea of social closeness, but also how the pandemic fear and social confinement has re-evaluated a desire for community, neighborhood, proximity; during the lockdown families, friends, neighbors have reconstructed feelings of closeness and forms of belonging. The methodology used is quanti-qualitative and involved 300 women through an online questionnaire. The data collected highlight how the house during the lockdown is perceived as a safe place and how women implement both the recommendations and the behaviors aimed at preventing contagion, but also ways that allow coping with the situation from a perspective of well-being. Furthermore, the data show how the dimension of distancing has loosened the relational dimension outside the family unit, with a greater distancing compared to pre-pandemic data. However, the majority of women report that they have joined solidarity initiatives, demonstrating that they want to maintain ties and participate actively in community life.

scholarly journals Individual Differences in the Resistance to Social Change and Acceptance of Inequality Predict System Legitimacy Differently Depending on the Social Structure

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 266-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark J. Brandt ◽  
Christine Reyna
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
Political Ideology ◽  
European Association ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Personality Psychology ◽  
Total N ◽  
The Social

We propose that individual differences in the resistance to social change and the acceptance of inequality can have divergent effects on legitimacy depending on the context. This possibility was tested in a sample of 27 European countries ( N = 144 367) and across four experiments (total N = 475). Individual differences in the resistance to social change were related to higher levels of perceived legitimacy no matter the level of inequality of the society. Conversely, individual differences in the acceptance of inequality were related to higher levels of perceived legitimacy in unequal societies, but either a relationship near zero or the opposite relationship was found in more equal societies. These studies highlight the importance of distinguishing between individual differences that make up political ideology, especially when making predictions in diverse settings. © 2017 The Authors. European Journal of Personality published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of European Association of Personality Psychology

scholarly journals Stress studies for clothing companies applying the social relationship of companies

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (01) ◽  
pp. 62-67
Author(s):  
SEJRI NEJIB ◽  
BOUSSAADOUN SLIM ◽  
FAOUZI SAKLY ◽  
GHAZI ELBICHE
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationship ◽  
Job Strain ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Total Percentage ◽  
Stress Studies ◽  
The Social ◽  
Stress At Work ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Work And Health

Mental healt is a major component of human health in the workplace. The phenomenon of stress felt by workers inEurope is in the order of 22%. A study conducted by the Higher Institute of Work and Health (ISST) (2007–2009),showed that the stress in Tunisia was in the order of 17%. In France the stress is 12.6% and in the United States ofAmerica (USA) is in the order of 12%. In this context, the aim of this study is to use the Karazek method and the stratifiedsampling method to evaluate the psychosocial (PSR) and psycho-organizational risks of Tunisian staff in northernTunisia within a grou. of 4 companies applying the method (CSR) social relationship of companies to the clothing sectorand their prevalence in the sections studied. The overall average total percentage of stress at work (JOB strain) that wefound is 15.4% which were distributed in 7 sections of which those with significant percentages are: the ironing which isin the order 4.8% of the Stressed population and represents 31.16% of the overall stress of the same section, thepreparation accounts 3.6% of the population and 23.37% of the global stress. In order to the well-being at work, to fightagainst the occupational diseases, the demotivation, brain drain, the bad process of the recruitments, the sources ofnonperformance, the errors of forgetfulness, the defects and the organizational attempts to reduce the percentage ofstress and to bring appropriate solutions

Facebook users’ loneliness based on different types of interpersonal relationships

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 646-665 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myung Suh Lim ◽  
Junghyun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Social Relationship ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Malicious Envy ◽  
The Social ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Mediational Role

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate: first, the effects of a user’s grandiosity on the loneliness of another user on Facebook who detected it in terms of his/her well-being status; second, the mediational role of envy between grandiosity and loneliness; and, third, whether different effects are given on narcissism, envy, and loneliness depending on social or para-social relationships on Facebook. Design/methodology/approach This study’s focus is to investigate how observing others’ grandiose behaviors impact on individuals’ feeling of loneliness. The authors propose that this relationship is mediated by the feeling of envy. The authors further postulate that social relationships that participants may have with other Facebook users would play a key role in feeling different types of envy (i.e. malicious vs benign). Therefore, the current study employed a 2 (levels of grandiosity: high vs low) × 2 (social relationship: para-social vs social) between-subjects design. Findings The authors found that one’s grandiosity as reflected on Facebook significantly affects other users’ loneliness through malicious envy. However, no moderated mediation via envy (either benign or malicious) was found within the social relationship group. Originality/value Social comparison generated by the use of Facebook was found to have an effect on the user’s loneliness through the mediation of envy. In particular, the possibility that such effects could be triggered in para-social relationships was identified.

When Impulsive Behaviours Do Not Equal Self–Control Failures: The (Added) Value of Temptation Enactment

2020 ◽  
pp. per.2280
Author(s):  
Amir Ghoniem ◽  
Wilhelm Hofmann
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Personality Psychology ◽  
Total N ◽  
Self Evaluation ◽  
Impulsive Behaviour ◽  
Control Failure ◽  
Control Failures

Most work on self–control and impulsivity typically assumes, more or less tacitly, that people value self–control as more important than succumbing to temptations. According to this narrative, people regard impulsive behaviours as ‘failures’ of self–control and experience negative self–evaluations such as feelings of guilt or shame in response. Here, we direct attention to a neglected but crucial meta–behavioural valuation dimension of impulsive behaviour. We posit that individual differences in people's valuation of temptation enactment (VOTE) qualify whether and to what extent impulsive behaviours trigger negative self–evaluations and whether and to what extent people feel motivated to self–improve. Using a newly constructed VOTE scale, we first show that individual differences in VOTE can be reliably measured and clearly distinguished from traditional impulsivity or self–control scales (Studies 1–3; total N = 576). Across three subsequent studies (total N = 460), we then demonstrate that high VOTE, as compared with low VOTE, reduces the link between impulsive behaviours and negative self–conscious emotions (Studies 4 and 5), as well as between past impulsive behaviour and self–improvement motivation (Study 6). These findings have implications for the discourse on self–control failure and for the link between impulsive behaviour and self–evaluation, self–improvement motivation, and well–being. © 2020 European Association of Personality Psychology

scholarly journals Increasing altruistic and cooperative behaviour with simple moral nudges

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerio Capraro ◽  
Glorianna Jagfeld ◽  
Rana Klein ◽  
Mathijs Mul ◽  
Iris van de Pol
Keyword(s):  
Social Behaviour ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Economic Incentives ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Total N ◽  
Scarce Resources ◽  
Social Actions ◽  
Large N ◽  
The Social

The conflict between pro-self and pro-social behaviour is at the core of many key problems of our time, as, for example, the reduction of air pollution and the redistribution of scarce resources. For the well-being of our societies, it is thus crucial to find mechanisms to promote pro-social choices over egoistic ones. Particularly important, because cheap and easy to implement, are those mechanisms that can change people’s behaviour without forbidding any options or significantly changing their economic incentives, the so-called “nudges”. Previous research has found that moral nudges (e.g., making norms salient) can promote pro-social behaviour. However, little is known about whether their effect persists over time and spills across context. This question is key in light of research showing that pro-social actions are often followed by selfish actions, thus suggesting that some moral manipulations may backfire. Here we present a class of simple moral nudges that have a great positive impact on pro-sociality. In Studies 1-4 (total N = 1,400), we use economic games to demonstrate that asking subjects to self-report “what they think is the morally right thing to do” does not only increase pro-sociality in the choice immediately after, but also in subsequent choices, and even when the social context changes. In Study 5, we explore whether moral nudges promote charity donations to humanitarian organisations in a large (N=1,800) crowdfunding campaign. We find that, in this context, moral nudges increase donations by about 44 percent.

Entrepreneurial Education - a New Challenge for Universities in Romania

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-68
Author(s):  
Gabriel Croitoru ◽  
Mircea Constantin Duica ◽  
Dorin Claudiu Manolache ◽  
Mihaela Ancuta Banu
Keyword(s):  
Social Role ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Positive Contribution ◽  
Business Decision ◽  
Entrepreneurial Spirit ◽  
The Social ◽  
New Thinking ◽  
High Degree

Abstract Entrepreneurial spirit plays an increasingly important role in the economic sphere, and universities are meant to play a central role in this process, where the main objective is the continuous development and mediation of the knowledge increasingly geared to the applications through innovation and patenting a secure platform for employment and well-being growth. The Universities have to take a position in if/and how they want to grow into a so-called “University of Entrepreneurship” which is characterized by a high degree of openness to the surrounding society and here we are talking, especially, about, the business sector in Romania. This evolution of expectations for the social role of universities has resulted from increased and recent interest in entrepreneurship and innovation of areas as research and theory of the business environment. The experience gained as teachers indicates that education and entrepreneurship education should include different theories and methodology than those applied in the usual way. The theory of traditional management and microeconomic models could even be a barrier to new thinking and change and, therefore, to the implementation of modern entrepreneurial actions. We want this article to be a source of inspiration for educational institutions and to have a positive contribution to research in business education and to be applicable in business decision-making.

FORGOTTEN EFFECTS IN THE VALUATION OF THE SOCIAL WELL-BEING INDEX IN MEXICO’S SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
G.G. Alfaro-Calderon ◽  
N.L. Godinez-Reyes ◽  
R. Gomez-Monge ◽  
V. Alfaro-Garcia ◽  
A.M. Gil-Lafuente
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Social
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