The Social Implications of Punishing Unethical Behavior: Observers' Cognitive and Affective Reactions

1992 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 751-768 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Klebe Trevino ◽  
Gail A. Ball
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Behavior ◽  
Unethical Behavior ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Emotional Responses ◽  
Outcome Expectancies ◽  
Social Implications ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Affective Reactions ◽  
Punishment Condition ◽  
The Social

This experiment investigated how punishment of varying severity (no punishment, appropriate punishment, and harsh punishment) in response to unethical organizational behavior influenced observers' outcome expectancies, justice evaluations, and emotional responses. Results suggested that only the harshest disciplinary response influenced outcome expectancies. In addition, observers' justice evaluations and emotional responses were generally most positive in the harshest vicarious punishment condition. Implications for future research and management practice are discussed.

scholarly journals Strategies for transcending the chaos of societal disruptions

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1/2) ◽  
pp. 5-14
Author(s):  
John C. Camillus ◽  
Jeffrey E. Baker ◽  
Anushka I. Daunt ◽  
Jungyoon Jang
Keyword(s):  
Strategic Management ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Social Implications ◽  
Societal Change ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Real Options Approach ◽  
Management Processes ◽  
The Social ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose This study aims to offer a strategic management response to societal disruptions of the magnitude triggered by the agricultural, industrial and information revolutions. These pose challenges that are much greater and different in kind than the industry-wide disruptions that businesses have learned to manage. Pandemics, climate change, biotech and artificial intelligence guarantee that such societal disruptions will be an inescapable and recurring reality. Design/methodology/approach The paper builds on the strategic management responses to wicked problems, which possess in microcosm the chaotic ambiguity that characterizes societal disruptions. Findings The authors propose a management process that affirms a sense of identity, identifies robust actions, adopts a real-options approach and uses a platform organization. Research limitations/implications The primary limitation is that the recommendations and findings are extrapolations of organizational practices in analogous situations. No examples of formal management processes specifically designed to address societal disruptions were identified. Practical implications The practical implications are significant. The specific recommendations in the paper directly address strategic management practice in organizations. Social implications The social implications are integral to the motivation of the paper as it describes the intrinsic characteristics of societal change and transformation, enabling organizations to interact with society on a dynamic basis. Originality/value While there has been growing interest and research into business and industry disruptions, the challenge of societal disruptions, which is the focus of this paper, has not been directly addressed.

scholarly journals People management rationales and organizational effectiveness

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabina Siebert ◽  
Graeme Martin
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Effectiveness ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Practical Implication ◽  
Organizational Trust ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Social Implications ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Trust Repair ◽  
The Social ◽  
Lack Of Control

Purpose –The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the debate over people management rationales and how they relate to organizational effectiveness. Design/methodology/approach – Drawing on the distinction between the “logic of consequences” and the “logic of appropriateness,” the paper explores one aspect of managing people – managers’ attempts to restore trust after an intra-organizational breach of trust. This is done on the basis of a systematic approach to a review of the literature on intra-organizational trust and organizational trust repair. Findings – The paper argues that in their trust repair efforts managers socially construct and enact a narrow business agenda for the firm, which is typically justified by a logic of consequences. Instead, the authors suggest that managers may be better advised to follow a logic of appropriateness in restoring trust among employees, which acknowledges the importance of context and managers’ lack of control over employees’ reactions to trust repair strategies. Practical implications – A key practical implication of the logic of appropriateness is that, in certain contexts, the most effective strategy for trust repair is inaction (rather than action), a strategy often neglected in people management practice. Social implications – The social implications of this paper highlight the social context in which people management strategies take place and the limitations of “one-size-fits-all” HRM prescriptions. Originality/value – The value of the paper is bringing a much neglected stream of research on the strengths of inaction as a positive strategy in organizational theory to current HRM scholars as a way of balancing the typical agentive approaches to HRM and intra-organizational trust repair.

Organizational Impacts and Social Shaping of Web Management Practice

2011 ◽  
pp. 130-147
Author(s):  
Kristin R. Eschenfelder
Keyword(s):  
Web Sites ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Social Impacts ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Web Information ◽  
The Social ◽  
Use Of The Internet ◽  
Web Management

The extraordinary growth of individual and organizational use of the Internet, particularly the Web, during the past decade has led scholars to question the social impacts of this incredible technology diffusion. In this chapter, I discuss a currently under-explored aspect of the social impacts of Web usage–the impacts of ongoing Web information system management (Web management) on the organizations and employees that maintain commercial Web sites (Web managers). This chapter is organized in the following manner. In the first section, I describe how this chapter supports the book’s theme. I then introduce key principles of social informatics and my general research approach and discuss the objectives of the study. In the second section, I define key constructs, review relevant literature, introduce the study’s theoretical framework, and summarize the methodology. In the third section, I describe the research results. In the fourth section, I draw on the data to present a summary model of Web management, suggest specific improvements to Web management practice, and discuss future impacts of Web information systems (Web IS) and trends in Web management. I conclude the chapter with sections on future research and final comments.

scholarly journals Conclusion

2019 ◽  
pp. 169-188
Author(s):  
Anne Nassauer
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
External Validity ◽  
Social Implications ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Individual Decision Making ◽  
Protest Policing ◽  
The Social ◽  
Violent Action

The Conclusion discusses the implications of the book’s findings. It highlights the crucial role of situational interactions, interpretations, and emotions for surprising social outcomes. A section on external validity discusses whether other researchers in the field found similar patterns when examining brawls, atrocities, or revolutions. A second section discusses theoretical implications of the findings regarding the role of motivations versus situations, emotions versus rationality, collective and individual decision-making and reinterpretations, expectations and culture, as well as human inhibition to violence. A section on research implications reflects on what findings mean in particular for future research on protest policing, forward panics, other types of protests, and the roots of violent action. Lastly, a section on everyday life and the fear of violence discusses the social implications of the findings.

Evolution and Mutation in Push Technologies

2011 ◽  
pp. 22-38
Author(s):  
Julie E Kendall ◽  
Kenneth E. Kendall
Keyword(s):  
Autonomous Agents ◽  
Software Agent ◽  
Social Implications ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Genetic Determination ◽  
The Social ◽  
Rss Feeds

PointCast was a magic carpet of content providers. Imagine that of all the information that users needed to complete their work would suddenly appear on their desktops. Although PointCast and other technologies did not survive the hype that surrounded their introduction, push technologies are now back in vogue. RSS feeds and podcasts are now part of many people’s daily lives. Software robots, called autonomous agents, are helping users download what they want from the Internet. The next helpful software agent will be more akin to a butler who anticipates all of the user’s needs today, tomorrow, and in the future. This agent will change as the user changes and is therefore referred to as an evolutionary agent. Evolutionary agents will also change because memes (or messages) one agent broadcasts to another will cause the evolutionary agent to mutate. In this chapter, we explore the social implications of meritorious and malevolent memes exchanged by evolutionary agents. We also discover that interactions occur among humans, evolutionary agents, and memes. Finally, we raise a series of questions for future research regarding genetic determination of evolutionary agents; if it is possible to predict whether a meme will be meritorious or malevolent; and whether it is desirable to legislate the evolution of agents that are evolved from malevolent memes. This chapter contributes to the awareness of the movement toward push technologies deploying evolutionary agents and the social implications their use entails.

scholarly journals Contests and unethical behavior in organizations: a review and synthesis of the empirical literature

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Piest ◽  
Philipp Schreck
Keyword(s):  
Unethical Behavior ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Negative Aspect ◽  
Systematic Account ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Employee Effort ◽  
The Social ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Shed Light

Abstract Contests are widely used in business contexts because they are believed to increase the effort and performance levels of employees. One negative aspect of contests is that they may provide incentives for unethical behavior aimed at improving one’s own position relative to that of competitors. It is therefore important to understand how companies should design contests so as to reduce unethical behavior without reducing the positive effects of contests on employee effort. Research from the social and behavioral sciences can offer relevant insights on this question, as in those fields competition is a subject of sustained academic interest. The aim of this review is to offer a systematic account of the growing literature on contests and unethical behavior and shed light on why and when contests among employees may lead to unethical behavior. To this aim, we also develop a framework for organizing the vast, multi-disciplinary literature in a structured and integrative manner. Through this endeavor, our review identifies several directions for future research.

Social Network Theory and Analysis: A Complementary Lens for Inquiry

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 338-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Quatman ◽  
Packianathan Chelladurai
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Organizational Behavior ◽  
Network Theory ◽  
Sport Management ◽  
Social Network Theory ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Sport Sociology ◽  
The Social ◽  
Analytical Tools

As an emerging research approach, social network theory and analysis has been embraced and effectively applied in disciplines that have overlapping interests with sport management researchers including such fields as organizational behavior and sport sociology. Although a number of sport management scholars have investigated network-related concepts, to date no sport management studies have fully utilized the analytical tools that social network theory and analysis have to offer. In conjunction with a discussion about the ontological, epistemological, and methodological perspectives associated with network analysis, this article uses several examples from the sport management and organizational behavior bodies of literature to illustrate a number of the advantageous techniques and insights social network theory and analysis can offer. These examples are meant to provide a general understanding of the utility and applicability of the social network theory and analysis and potentially inspire sport management researchers to adopt a social network lens in their future research endeavors.

Current Postvention Research and Priorities for the Future

Crisis ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 202-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl Andriessen ◽  
Dolores Angela Castelli Dransart ◽  
Julie Cerel ◽  
Myfanwy Maple
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Research Priorities ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Intercultural Collaboration ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Future ◽  
Suicide Bereavement ◽  
Ethical Approval

Abstract. Background: Suicide can have a lasting impact on the social life as well as the physical and mental health of the bereaved. Targeted research is needed to better understand the nature of suicide bereavement and the effectiveness of support. Aims: To take stock of ongoing studies, and to inquire about future research priorities regarding suicide bereavement and postvention. Method: In March 2015, an online survey was widely disseminated in the suicidology community. Results: The questionnaire was accessed 77 times, and 22 records were included in the analysis. The respondents provided valuable information regarding current research projects and recommendations for the future. Limitations: Bearing in mind the modest number of replies, all from respondents in Westernized countries, it is not known how representative the findings are. Conclusion: The survey generated three strategies for future postvention research: increase intercultural collaboration, increase theory-driven research, and build bonds between research and practice. Future surveys should include experiences with obtaining research grants and ethical approval for postvention studies.

The social implications of technology

1973 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
J.D. Radford ◽  
D.B. Richardson
Keyword(s):  
Social Implications ◽  
The Social

The Social Neuroscience of Cooperation

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jay Joseph Van Bavel
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Review Literature ◽  
Social Neuroscience ◽  
Future Research ◽  
A Value ◽  
Group Cooperation ◽  
Neural Processes ◽  
The Social ◽  
Cooperative Decision Making

We review literature from several fields to describe common experimental tasks used to measure human cooperation as well as the theoretical models that have been used to characterize cooperative decision-making, as well as brain regions implicated in cooperation. Building on work in neuroeconomics, we suggest a value-based account may provide the most powerful understanding the psychology and neuroscience of group cooperation. We also review the role of individual differences and social context in shaping the mental processes that underlie cooperation and consider gaps in the literature and potential directions for future research on the social neuroscience of cooperation. We suggest that this multi-level approach provides a more comprehensive understanding of the mental and neural processes that underlie the decision to cooperate with others.

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