S. Lund Letter on Science, Technology, and Basic Human Needs

1977 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 16-16
1979 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 50-51
Author(s):  
Ephraim Nkwute Aniebona

The term, “technology,” as used here, refers basically to: (1) the science or art of devising tools and instruments and how to use them; (2) the development of new materials and substances and their application; (3) the development of machines to supplement or replace human effort, where desirable and feasible; (4) the development of energy and power resources for running the machines; and (5) the development of efficient methods of doing work—that is, using tools, machines, and instruments. From an observation of human efforts throughout the world, it is clear that every human society is concerned with technology, for it is a proven means by which man has extended his power beyond his physical capacity and gained some control over his environment. Although technology exists in every society, it is the amount and quality of the technology that separates nations today on a scale of economic development. Whilst the developing, technologically backward countries of Africa constantly face the basic human needs of food, shelter, and clothing, the developed nations consume and enjoy a disproportionate amount of the world’s resources and wealth by reason of their technological advancement.


Author(s):  
Hidayatul Reza ◽  
Franky Liauw

The conflict between the two social understandings between individualism and collectivism does not need to be clashed, but instead it needs to be managed according to values, morals and ethics. So that it can become a social force for social life. In this issue, architects can play a role in cultivating a 'space' that is fit to the problem of individualism-collectivism. The research method used is a comparative and synergistic method. Literature in the form of journals and books on the phenomenon of individualism-collectivism is used as a reference and comparison. To be able to change a person's attitude, it is necessary to have an environmental role that creates events and events that occur repeatedly and continuously, gradually being absorbed into the individual and influencing the formation of an attitude. In order for this approach to be applied easily, this approach must be applied to basic human needs. In basic human needs there is a hierarchy of the most basic, namely physiological needs, the most basic needs to be fulfilled because they include things that are vital for survival, namely, clothing, food, and shelter. So in order to answer this issue, the vertical housing function is fixed. In addition, vertical housing is considered important because it responds to limited land and the increasing human population. Vertical housing with a collaborative space in grouped dwelling unit concept, because offers many possibilities, from people who live together sharing physical space to communities that share values, interests and philosophies of life. Grouping system is also be an important value and in community prefer to live in small community amount 4-10 members with various background. Consisted by good quality personal space and supporting facilities to develop self-potential as self-actualization. Keywords:  collaborative; collectivism; individualism; monodualism; self actualization Abstrak Konflik dua paham sosial antara individualisme dengan kolektivisme tidak perlu dibenturkan, tetapi justru perlu dikelola menurut nilai-nilai, moral, dan etika, sehingga dapat menjadi kekuatan sosial bagi kehidupan bermasyarakat. Dalam isu ini, arsitek dapat berperan dalam mengolah ‘ruang’ yang fit terhadap permasalahan individualisme-kolektivisme. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode komparatif dan sinergis. Literatur berupa jurnal dan buku tentang fenomena individualisme-kolektivisme, dijadikan sebagai acuan dan pembanding. Untuk dapat mengubah sikap seseorang diperlukan peran lingkungan untuk menciptakan kejadian-kejadian dan peristiwa-peristiwa yang terjadi berulang-ulang dan terus-menerus, lama-kelamaan secara bertahap diserap kedalam diri individu dan memengaruhi terbentuknya suatu sikap. Agar pendekatan ini dapat diterapkan dengan mudah maka pendekatan ini harus diterapkan pada kebutuhan dasar manusia. Pada kebutuhan dasar manusia terdapat hierarki yang paling dasar yaitu kebutuhan fisiologis (physiological needs), kebutuhan yang paling dasar untuk dipenuhi karena meliputi hal-hal yang vital bagi kelangsungan hidup yaitu, sandang, pangan, dan papan. Sehingga untuk menjawab isu ini, ditetapkan fungsi hunian vertikal. Selain itu, hunian vertikal dinilai penting karena untuk mejawab keterbatasan lahan dan semakin tingginya populasi manusia. Hunian vertikal dengan mengusung konsep ruang kolaboratif pada setiap unit hunian yang dikelompokkan, karena menawarkan banyak kemungkinan, mulai dari orang-orang yang tinggal bersama dengan berbagi ruang fisik hingga komunitas yang juga berbagi nilai, minat, dan filosofi hidup. Sistem pengelompokan penghuni juga menjadi nilai penting dan dalam komunitas lebih menyukai jumlah yang sedikit 4-10 orang dengan latar belakang yang berbeda. Ditunjang dengan kualitas ruang pribadi yang baik dan fasilitas penunjang yang dapat mengembangkan potensi sebagai bentuk aktualisai diri.


2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 612-648
Author(s):  
Johannes Scherling

Abstract For a few decades now and most prominently promoted by the US, neoliberal economics have been on the rise, epitomized in recent austerity policies with regard to countries that have met financial trouble. In particular the drive for privatization of core public services relating to basic human needs, such as water, social services or pensions, has been increasingly criticized because of a perceived incompatibility between the profit motive and social solidarity. This article uses a corpus-based analysis of the discourse on privatization in the US of proponents supporting, respectively opposing it, with an overall corpus size of about 230,000 tokens. It examines how the two groups conceptualize privatization differently and which strategies are applied to fore- or background particular aspects of it.


2009 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-33
Author(s):  
Lynn Thiesmeyer

The Millennium Development Goals are framed within the post-war discourses of development that also gave us Basic Human Needs and Human Security. The Goals set out a consideration of the failures of earlier strategies along with an agenda for the accelerated reduction of poverty and its accompanying human insecurities. Though the more critical aspects of the MDG discourse were sorely needed, they also left space for the repetition of earlier top–down development strategies, and, more generally, for a (re)vision and wider implementation of globalised intervention by developed countries into the less-developed. In this discourse developed countries identify needs on the part of the less-developed and then supply these needs. The ‘need’ discourse focussed on here represents inferior public health that requires services, goods and equipment to be provided by developed countries; what it ignores are negative health consequences that can arise from development schemes themselves.


2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 1013-1016
Author(s):  
Martin Boroš ◽  
Martin Halaj ◽  
Andrej Veľas

Security has been and will probably be one of the basic human needs that we work on every day. Some of the popular options nowadays is the use of modern technologies in security, which is increasingly popular with alarm systems. Mostly alarm systems are electrical security systems, which in many cases can be supplemented by various additional functions according to the owner's requirements. More often, they are also able to connect a secured object to a centralized protection center so that the owner has the possibility of verifying a declared alarm signal through the intervention of the alarm system company operator.This article is aimed at transmitting the indicated alarm signal over a radio network to the centralized protection desk located in the monitoring and alarm receiving center with identification of the most appropriate option.


NALARs ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Ai Siti Munawaroh ◽  
Rachmat Ade Gunawan ◽  
Satrio Agung Perwira

ABSTRAKRumah merupakan salah satu kebutuhan pokok manusia. Kebutuhan manusia di dalam rumah berbeda-beda. Keberadaan perumahan yang menyediakan rumah typical menjadi salah satu solusi dalam pemenuhan kebutuhan rumah bagi masyarakat.Namun rumah typical masih menimbulkan permasalahan, yaitu adanya aktivitas dan kebutuhan ruang dari penghuni yang tidak bisa  terakomodir. Disisi lain permasalahan lingkungan akibat dari aktivitas manusia di dalam rumah menimbulkan dampak negatif bagi lingkungan. Lampung merupakan salah satu daerah yang memiliki arsitektur yang khas. Tetapi rumah typical yang dikembangkan oleh para developer perumahan belum ada yang menonjolkan arsitektur khas Lampung tersebut. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk merancang rumah yang dapat memenuhi kebutuhan masing-masing penghuni rumah dengan luas bangunan yang sama. Selain itu, rumah yang dirancang tidak menimbulkan dampak negatif bagi lingkungan dan mencirikan arsitektur Lampung.Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif. Metode kualitatif dilakukan melalui studi literatur dan perancangan. Studi literatur dilakukan melalui kajian dari berbagai sumber yaitu buku, jurnal dan internet. Perancangan dilakukan melalui: penerapan konsep flexible house dan konsep green architecture serta transformasi bentuk hasil kebudayaan Lampung.Hasil penelitian adalah desain rumah typical di Lampung dengan konsep green flexible house. Kata kunci: green architecture, flexible house, rumah lampung ABSTRACTA house is one of the basic human needs. Human needs of house for each people is different. The existence of housing that provides typical house become one of the significant solutions to fulfill the needs of house for community. However, typical house is still causing problems for the occupants, because this typical house cannot accommodate all the occupants’ activities within it. I tbecause, typical house is a minimum standard for living which is different for each people.  On the other hand, environmental problems which is occurred by human activities within a house could raise negative impact for the environment. Lampung has been regarded as one of an area which has a distinctive character of architecture. But the typical house that is developed by the developer, have not described and represented the character of Lampung’sarchitecture.  This study has been conducted to design a house that would fulfill the needs of occupants of the house which has the same area space of the house. Additionally, the house has been designed to eliminate negative impact for the environment and would have a significant character for Lampung’sarchitecture. This research has used a qualitative method, which has been done by using literature study and design process.  Literature study has been conducted by reviewing some relevant books, journal sand various sources from worldwide web. And finally, design process has been conducted through: the application of flexible house and green architecture concept and the transformation of the Lampung’sculture. As a final result, this research will provide a design of typicalhouse in Lampung with green flexible house concept. Keywords: green architecture; flexible house; Lampung house


2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 48-57
Author(s):  
Derek McGrath ◽  
Jonathan Matusitz

This paper applies the Human Needs Theory to Uighur terrorism. The theory posits that people become violent when their basic human needs are unfulfilled, denied, or taken away from them. Also referred to as the East Turkestan Islamic Movement (ETIM), Uighur terrorists are a minority group of Muslim extremists in the western Chinese Autonomous Region of Xinjiang. Until the mid-1700s, they were considered a peaceful group, but when they lost their autonomy during the Qing dynasty rule (until 1910), and faced oppression by their new government, they resorted to violence. In this case, the Uighurs’ human need “stolen” by the Chinese was their identity. Not only is the Uighur issue underrepresented in the media; it has also received such negligible attention that most governments and scholars believe that the Autonomous Region of Xinjiang is mostly occupied by terrorists.


2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-124
Author(s):  
Yuliana Yuliana

Housing and settlements are basic human needs. Therefore, the government is trying to meet the community's need for housing. This study aims to see how the housing development program is implemented in Palembang City, monitor this program and also monitor the extent of the housing development program. This research uses descriptive qualitative techniques with interviews. Key information is the Head of the Palembang City Housing and Settlement Area Office, the Head of the Housing and Settlements Section, the Head of the Palembang City Development Planning Agency, and Housing Developers in Palembang City, as well as people living in housing in Palembang City. Then the data obtained from the study were analyzed using qualitative descriptive analysis methods. The results showed that the implementation of the housing development program in Palembang City has not been carried out properly in accordance with what has been planned by the Palembang City Government.  


Author(s):  
Gio Timotius ◽  
Suryono Herlambang

It is commonly known that in this present days technology has been heavily linked with daily life with various affects. These influences has made basic human needs also changed functionally. For example the existence of smartphone has become one of the most crucial thing on supporting daily life activities. Smartphones are only 1 of the various types of gadgets (devices) that have specific functions for users for the sake of facilitating their activities. The existence of gadgets slowly over time began to change into one of the primary needs of millennial society today. A concrete example that we can see is the ease of transportation, transactions, and interacting with the help of smartphone usage. Not only in terms of practical functions, gadget technology also has functions of entertainment & hobbies such as digital cameras, drones, game consoles, 3D printing, etc. Based on concrete statements and phenomena of human civilization now, the existence of the gadget trend center is considered important. And also based on a design method that discusses data and analysis of weaknesses and strength of site locations and approved programs, the Jakarta Gadget Trend Center is produced. This project is designed to have the maximum level of space efficiency and has a contextual response to the style and topography of the area in the form of mass, interior, and facade. AbstrakSudah diketahui secara umum bahwa di masa kini teknologi sudah melekat dengan kehidupan sehari - hari masyarakat umum dengan pengaruh yang beragam. Pengaruh tersebut membuat kebutuhan dasar manusia juga berubah secara fungsional. Contohnya keberadaan smartphone atau ponsel pintar menjadi benda paling krusial dalam mendukung kemudahan dan kelancaran beraktivitas sehari - hari. Smartphone hanya 1 dari sekian jenis gadget (gawai) yang memiliki fungsi tertentu bagi penggunanya untuk kepentingan yang memudahkan kegiatan mereka. Keberadaan gadget perlahan seiring berjalannya waktu mulai berubah menjadi salah satu kebutuhan primer masyarakat milenial kini. Contoh konkrit yang dapat kita lihat fenomenanya adalah kemudahan bertransportasi, bertransaksi, dan berinteraksi dengan penggunaan smartphone. Bukan hanya dari segi fungsi praktis, teknologi gadget juga memiliki fungsi entertainment & hobby seperti kamera digital, drone, game console, 3D printing, dsb. Berdasarkan pernyataan dan fenomena konkrit dari peradaban manusia kini, keberadaan pusat tren gawai dirasa penting. Dengan berbasis metode perancangan yang mengacu pada data dan analisis mengenai kelemahan dan kelebihan lokasi tapak maupun program yang disarankan, maka dihasilkanlah Jakarta Gadget Trend Center. Proyek ini didesain untuk memiliki tingkat efisiensi ruang semaksimal mungkin dan memiliki respons kontekstual terhadap langgam serta topografi kawasan dalam bentukan massa, interior, maupun fasad.


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