scholarly journals Longitudinal associations between keeping a secret and psychosocial adjustment in adolescence

2009 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Frijns ◽  
Catrin Finkenauer
Keyword(s):  
Psychosocial Adjustment ◽  
Psychosocial Problems ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Depressive Mood ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Bodies Of Evidence ◽  
Low Self Control ◽  
Poor Relationship

Increasing bodies of evidence suggest that keeping secrets may be detrimental to well-being and adjustment, whereas confiding secrets may alleviate the detriments of secrecy and benefit well-being and adjustment. However, few studies have addressed the consequences of keeping and confiding secrets simultaneously, and even fewer have done so longitudinally. This article reports on a two-wave longitudinal survey study among 278 adolescents (aged 13—18 years) that examined the associations of keeping and confiding a specific secret with psychosocial adjustment. Results confirmed a hypothesized longitudinal contribution of keeping a secret all to oneself to psychosocial problems, including depressive mood, low self-concept clarity, low self-control, loneliness, and poor relationship quality. Furthermore, confiding versus continuing to keep a secret all to oneself was associated with decreased psychosocial problems after six months, whereas starting to keep a secret versus not doing so was associated with increased psychosocial problems. These results suggest that the keeping or confiding of secrets may affect adolescents' psychosocial well-being and adjustment.

scholarly journals Parenting Warmth and Strictness across Three Generations: Parenting Styles and Psychosocial Adjustment

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (20) ◽  
pp. 7487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar F. Garcia ◽  
Maria C. Fuentes ◽  
Enrique Gracia ◽  
Emilia Serra ◽  
Fernando Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Parenting Styles ◽  
Psychosocial Adjustment ◽  
Generational Differences ◽  
Parenting Practices ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Physical Punishment ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Three Generations ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Indulgent Parenting

Recent emergent research is seriously questioning whether parental strictness contributes to children’s psychosocial adjustment in all cultural contexts. We examined cross-generational differences in parental practices characterized by warmth and practices characterized by strictness, as well as the relationship between parenting styles (authoritative, indulgent, authoritarian, and neglectful) and psychosocial adjustment in adulthood. Parenting practices characterized by warmth (affection, reasoning, indifference, and detachment) and strictness (revoking privileges, verbal scolding, and physical punishment) were examined. Psychosocial adjustment was captured with multidimensional self-concept and well-being (life satisfaction and happiness). Participants were 871 individuals who were members of three generations of Spanish families: College students (G3), their parents (G2), and their grandparents (G1). Results showed two different cross-generational patterns in parenting practices, with an increased tendency toward parental warmth (parents use more affection and reasoning but less indifference across generations) and a decreased tendency toward parental strictness (parents use revoking privileges, verbal scolding, and physical punishment less across generations). Interestingly, despite cross-generational differences in parenting practices, a common pattern between parenting styles and psychosocial adjustment was found: indulgent parenting was related to equal or even better self-concept and well-being than authoritative parenting, whereas parenting characterized by non-warmth (authoritarian and neglectful) was related to poor scores.

Dopamine receptor D4 gene moderates the effect of positive and negative peer experiences on later delinquency: The Tracking Adolescents' Individual Lives Survey study

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (4pt1) ◽  
pp. 1107-1117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tina Kretschmer ◽  
Jan Kornelis Dijkstra ◽  
Johan Ormel ◽  
Frank C. Verhulst ◽  
René Veenstra
Keyword(s):  
Dopamine Receptor ◽  
Adolescent Development ◽  
Peer Relations ◽  
Psychosocial Adjustment ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Peer Experiences ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Dopamine Receptor D4

AbstractThe quality of adolescents' relationships with peers can have a lasting impact on later psychosocial adjustment, mental health, and behavior. However, the effect of peer relations on later problem behavior is not uniformly strong, and genetic factors might influence this association. This study used four-wave longitudinal (11–19 years) data (n = 1,151) from the Tracking Adolescents' Individual Lives Survey, a Dutch cohort study into adolescent development to test whether the dopamine receptor D4 polymorphism moderates the impact of negative (i.e., victimization) and positive peer experiences (i.e., social well-being) on later delinquency. Contrary to our expectations, results showed that carriers of the dopamine receptor D4 gene 4-repeat homozygous variant instead of those carrying the 7-repeat allele were more susceptible to the effects of both peer victimization and social well-being on delinquency later in adolescence. Findings of our study are discussed in light of other studies into genetic moderation of peer effects on adolescent development and the possibility that developmental specifics in adolescence, such as maturation processes in brain structure and functioning, may affect the interplay of environmental and genetic factors in this period in life.

scholarly journals PROCRASTINATION AND SELF-CONCEPT IN MORE/LESS CONSCIENTIOUS STUDENTS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianna Berinšterová ◽  
◽  
Miroslava Bozogáňová ◽  
Monika Magdová ◽  
Jana Kapová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Negatively Associated

"Given its significant negative consequences for university students, procrastination has been studied extensively and shown to be associated with conscientiousness as a personality trait. Involving 333 university students doing teacher training programmes (68.5% female; Mage=20.51 (SD=1.61); 83.48% undergraduates doing a bachelor’s degree), our study aimed to explore the association between procrastination among more/less conscientious students and selected self-concept variables (self-control, self-efficacy, etc.). Our questionnaire was based on the Ten-Item Personality Inventory (Gosling, Rentfrow, Swann, 2003), the Self-Control Scale (Finkenauer, Engels, Baumeister, 2005), the Self-efficacy Scale (Ko?š, Hefteyova, Schwarzer, Jerusalem, 1993), and the Procrastination Scale for Student Populations (Gabrhelík, 2008); our control variables were gender and well- being (Subjective Well-Being Scale, Chan-Hoong, Soon, 2011). The sample was divided into two groups – (1) less conscientious and (2) more conscientious) – using the method of visual binning in SPSS 20. A t-test for independent samples and linear regression were used for data analysis. The less conscientious students in our sample reported a higher level of procrastination (t=6.479; df=310; p?0.001; Cohen's d=0.681). A linear model was conducted for both groups (the dependent variable being the level of procrastination, the independent variables being gender and the levels of self-control, self-efficacy, and well-being). Both models were significant ((1) F=8.449; p?0.001; R2=32.6; (2) F= 7.277; p?0.001; R2=25.7). Among the less conscientious students, the levels of self-control (?=-0.546; t=-5.262; p?0.001) and self-efficacy (?=-0.238; t=-2.092; p?0.001) were negatively associated with procrastination. Among the more conscientious students, the level of self-control (?=0.404; t=-3.929; p?0.001) was negatively associated with procrastination and “being a man” (0–man; 1–woman) (?=-0.307; t=-3.219; p?0.05) was significantly associated with the level of procrastination. The results of our study show trait and personality differences in the level of procrastination, highlighting the importance of self-control and self-efficacy development among university students. Interactive programmes with an impact on students’ self-concept can be a significant contribution to students’ ability to cope with their study requirements effectively. It could be argued that the limits of this study include cross-sectional and self-reported data."

scholarly journals Psychosocial Well-Being in Persons with Aphasia Participating in a Nursing Intervention after Stroke

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Berit Arnesveen Bronken ◽  
Marit Kirkevold ◽  
Randi Martinsen ◽  
Torgeir Bruun Wyller ◽  
Kari Kvigne
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Psychosocial Adjustment ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Psychosocial Problems ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Nursing Intervention ◽  
Adjustment Process ◽  
Making Sense ◽  
Collaboration Process

The psychosocial adjustment process after stroke is complicated and protracted. The language is the most important tool for making sense of experiences and for human interplay, making persons with aphasia especially prone to psychosocial problems. Persons with aphasia are systematically excluded from research projects due to methodological challenges. This study explored how seven persons with aphasia experienced participating in a complex nursing intervention aimed at supporting the psychosocial adjustment process and promoting psychosocial well-being. The intervention was organized as an individual, dialogue-based collaboration process based upon ideas from “Guided self-determination.” The content addressed psychosocial issues as mood, social relationships, meaningful activities, identity, and body changes. Principles from “Supported conversation for adults with aphasia” were used to facilitate the conversations. The data were obtained by participant observation during the intervention, qualitative interviews 2 weeks, 6 months, and 12 months after the intervention and by standardized clinical instruments prior to the intervention and at 2 weeks and 12 months after the intervention. Assistance in narrating about themselves and their experiences with illness, psychological support and motivation to move on during the difficult adjustment process, and exchange of knowledge and information were experienced as beneficial and important by the participants in this study.

Empathic Self-Control

2020 ◽  
pp. 384-399
Author(s):  
David Shoemaker
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Low Degree ◽  
Future Self ◽  
Low Self Control ◽  
High Degree

People with a high degree of self-control typically enjoy greater well-being than those with a low degree of self-control. They also tend to have a high degree of empathy. Further, those with low self-control also tend to have low empathy. But what possible connection could there be between self-control and empathy, given that how one regulates oneself seems to have no bearing on how one views others? This chapter aims to argue for a very tight relation between self-control and empathy, namely, that empathy is in fact one type of self-control, a previously unexplored feature of interpersonal lives. In addition, once one sees that the type of empathy exercised is also exercised when casting oneself into the shoes of one’s future self, it becomes evident how intrapersonal empathy better enables other more familiar types of self-control.

The Efficacy of Principle-Based Correctional Counseling for Improving the Self-Control and Mental Health of People Incarcerated for Sexual Violence

2021 ◽  
pp. 107780122110227
Author(s):  
Thomas M. Kelley ◽  
Jacqueline Hollows ◽  
Jack Pransky ◽  
Alena Kryvanos ◽  
Sarah Bowen
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Group Treatment ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Waitlist Control Group ◽  
Low Self Control

This study is the first to test the efficacy of principle-based correctional counseling (PBCC) for improving the self-control and mental health of people incarcerated for sexual violence (SV). A total of 132 males incarcerated for SV were assigned to a treatment group that received cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) supplemented with intensive PBCC and a waitlist control group that received only CBT. Results using paired t-tests and an analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) to control for pretest scores showed that compared with the control group, treatment participants showed a significant increase in affective well-being and a significant decrease in low self-control, depression, anxiety, and anger.

Internet regression and the meaning of self

2021 ◽  
pp. 002581722098401
Author(s):  
Manoj Kumar Sharma ◽  
Nitin Anand ◽  
Kalpana Srivastava ◽  
Shweta Sunil
Keyword(s):  
Social Control ◽  
Real World ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
The Internet ◽  
The Real ◽  
Legal Perspective ◽  
The Social ◽  
Self Worth ◽  
Low Self Control

The internet provides a platform for expression of a new self that a user finds it difficult to achieve in the real world. This quality mediates disinhibited or regressive expression of self. The online disinhibited expression is also found to have to a direct correlation with a person’s self-concept, including their self-worth and self-control, which also contributes to lowering their social control through the social inadequacies they perceive themselves to have. The low self-control is being associated with engagement in bullying or cybercrime through online modalities. The report implicates for evolving intervention to manage cybercrimes from a psychological and legal perspective.

Low Self-Control of Emotions as an Antecedent of Self-Reported Physical Symptoms: A Longitudinal Perspective

2001 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marja Kokkonen ◽  
Lea Pulkkinen ◽  
Taru Kinnunen
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Personality Characteristics ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Eysenck Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Positive Direction ◽  
Data Collections ◽  
Low Self Control

The study was part of the Jyväskylä Longitudinal Study of Personality and Social Development, underway since 1968, in which children's low self-control of emotions was studied using teacher ratings at age 8 in terms of inattentiveness, shifting moods, aggression, and anxiety. The study was based on data from 112 women and 112 men who participated in the previous data collections at ages 8, 27, and 36. At age 27, the participants had been assessed in Neuroticism (N) using the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire , and at age 36 they filled in several inventories measuring, among others, conscious and active attempts to repair negative emotions in a more positive direction as well as physical symptoms. The present study used structural equation modeling to test the hypothesis that personality characteristics indicating low self-control of emotions at ages 8 and 27 are antecedents of self-reported physical symptoms at age 36; and that this relationship is indirect, mediated by attempts to repair negative emotions in a more positive direction. The findings showed, albeit for men only, that inattentiveness at age 8 was positively related to self-reported physical symptoms at age 36 via high N at age 27 and low attempts to repair negative emotions at age 36. Additionally, N at age 27 was directly linked to self-reported physical symptoms at age 36. The mediation of an active attempt to repair negative emotions was not found for women. Correlations revealed, however, that shifting moods and aggression in girls were antecedents of self-reported physical symptoms in adulthood, particularly, pain and fatigue.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document